我国生鲜农产品网络销售发展研究

介绍了生鲜农产品C2C网络销售的含义,分析了我国开展生鲜农产品C2C销售的背景,主要是电子商务的发展、消费理念的转变、生活方式的改变和我国农业生产的特点。介绍了我国新鲜蔬菜类和新鲜水果类生鲜农产品C2C销售的发展现状,指出了生鲜农产品C2C销售面临的困难,分别是农村网络基础设施建设不完善;农产品网络销售专业人才缺乏;农产品质量难以保证;物流体系尚不成熟;市场存在不确定性;政府的制度保障不健全。最后展望了基于C2C的我国生鲜农产品网络销售模式的发展趋势。     

胡柚果醋的发酵工艺研究

胡柚是浙江的特色杂柑,果实营养丰富,口感独特,极耐储藏,是非常适宜加工的柑桔品种。文章以出汁率适中的胡柚小果为原料,采用气相色谱测定发酵液中的酒精和醋酸含量,研究胡柚果醋的发酵工艺。确定以安琪酵母股份有限公司的葡萄酒酵母为菌种进行酒精发酵,其适宜温度为28℃,发酵时间为72 h。确定来源于自然发酵胡柚果醋的巴氏醋杆菌HY05为菌种,以浅层液体方式进行醋酸发酵,其适宜的液面深度为3 cm;适宜温度为30℃,时间为72 h;发酵液过滤,所得原果醋密封后置于20℃避光处陈酿25 d,过滤、灌装、封口后于70℃灭菌10 min,所得胡柚果醋特色风味突出。     

The Study on the Effects of Chinese Herbal Mixtures on Growth, Activity of Post-Ruminal Digestive Enzymes and Serum Antioxidant Status of Beef Cattle

Sixteen Limousin×Luxi crossbred beef cattle [099.4±8.67) kg] were used to evaluate the effects of Chinese herbal mixtures (CHM) on growth, activities of post-ruminal digestive enzymes and serum antioxidant status of beef cattle. Treatments were control (no CHM supplementation) and three formulations of CHM (CHM-A, CHM-B and CHM-C) that were arranged as completely randomized design. The calves were fed in indoor individual feeding barn with total mixed ration for 90 d.The CHM-A, CHM-B, and CHM-C was incorporated into the diet at the level of 20 g kg-1 DM (dry matter) of concentrate.The cattle were weighted at the beginning, at the end and every 15 d between to determine growth rate. Blood sample was taken every 30 d to analyze activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA). The cattle were slaughtered at the end of experiment and chymus samples from various section of the post-ruminal digestive tract were collected to analyze enzymes activities. All cattle had similar average daily gain, but cattle supplemented with CHM-A tended faster growth (P=0.08) compared to the control and other CHM treatments. Supplementation of CHM did not affect Ph of chymus in any section of the post-ruminal digestive tract.Activities of pepsin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, and lipase in chymus samples were enhanced (P<0.05) to various extents by supplementation of CHM-A, CHM-B, and CHM-C depending on the enzymes and the site of the digestive tract. Amylase activity was increased only by CHM-A and CHM-C from chymus sample collected at the ileum. Supplementation of CHM-A and CHM-B reduced (P<0.05) concentration of MDA, but did not affect GSH-PX activity in the serum of cattle throughout the entire experimental period. Cattle supplemented with CHM-B also had higher (P<0.05) T-SOD activity in the serum at day 30 and 60 as compared with the control and the other two CHM treatments. Chinese herbal mixtures supplemented at the levels of 20 g kg-1 DM of concentrate increased post-ruminal digestive enzymes activity and enhanced serum antioxidant status. Inclusion of CHM-A and CHM-B in the diet may be favourable for ruminant production.     

Construction of Tobacco Bax lnhibitor-1 ihpRNA Gene Silencing Vector and Transformation into Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105

The plasmid pGSA1285 was first modified by substituting its GUS sequence with the Chalcone synthase intron fragment from vector pFGC5941 to get the plant silencing expression vector that contained Kanamycin resistance site and was named as pGSA2285. Using PCR-based amplification, two different restriction sites at both ends of tobacco Bax inhibitor-1 (NtBI-1) gene were created, respectively, which made the construction of ihpRNA gene silencing vector more efficiently. Then, NtBI-1 genes were inserted into Multiple Cloning Site (MCS) of pGSA2285 respectively to form Bax inhibitor-1 ihpRNA gene silencing vector, named as pGSA4285, containing sense and anti-sense BI-1 sequence which was spliced by chalcone synthase intron. Combined PCR identification and enzyme restriction analyses, the results showed that Bax inhibitor-1 ihpRNA gene silencing vector had been constructed and transferred into Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105 successfully, which laid a foundation for the further study on the function of BI-1 in plant PCD regulation.     

4个品种猪血清中sLAIR-1表达量的ELISA检测

【目的】进一步证实利用广西巴马小型猪建立异种器官移植供体模型的可行性。【方法】利用夹心ELISA方法分别检测广西巴马小型猪、长白猪、大约克猪及杜洛克猪血清中可溶型白细胞相关免疫球蛋白样受体1（sLAIR-1）含量,筛选出血清中sLAIR-1表达量最低的猪品种,为异种移植提供一定参考指标。【结果】所检测的4个不同品种猪血清中sLAIR-1的表达量分别为：广西巴马小型猪（2．39＋0．20μmol／L）〈大约克猪（3．51±0．28μmol／L）〈长白猪（3．59±0．28μmol／L】〈杜洛克猪（3．62_±0．31μmol／L）,且广西巴马小型猪血清中sLAIR-1的表达量显著低于长白猪、大约克猪、杜洛克猪3个品种（P〈0．01）。【结论】广西巴马小型猪在异种移植中具有良好的先天优势,可能会成为异种移植的理想动物模型。     

苏打盐碱胁迫下粳稻子粒灌浆动态研究

选用粳稻品种“东稻4号”(DD4)、粳稻品系“G19”作为试验材料,分别种植在pH值为801和903的苏打盐碱地中。在栽培条件相同的情况下,分析2个供试材料在不同苏打盐碱胁迫下水稻灌浆期干物质积累、子粒灌浆速率和含水量的动态变化。结果表明:重度苏打盐碱胁迫下水稻起始灌浆期都延迟5 d;强势粒干物质积累都明显高于弱势粒,强势粒前期的灌浆速率高于弱势粒,后期呈明显的下降趋势;“DD4”先于“G19”达到干物质积累的高峰,“G19”强势粒灌浆高峰次数多于“DD4”;灌浆期“DD4”无论强势粒还是弱势粒均失水较快,而“G19”强势粒失水快,弱势粒相对平缓。     

中性纤维素酶整理牛仔布的工艺优化

根据芽孢杆菌M01-ZL-110所产纤维素酶的酶系组成及酶学性质特点,将该菌株发酵所产纤维素酶酶液应用于牛仔布的整理工艺。以减量率为试验评价指标,通过正交试验对加酶量、温度、整理时间及pH值等参数进行优化。试验结果表明由芽孢杆菌M01-ZL-110制备的中性纤维素酶对牛仔布酶洗整理的最佳条件为：30 m l的溶液体系中酶液加入量为20 m l,pH为6,温度为60℃,整理时间是60 m in,并且对牛仔布表面进行了酶洗前后扫描电镜观察比较。     

几种杀虫剂对芝麻虫害的防控效果

为了筛选防控芝麻虫害的有效杀虫剂,进行了吡虫啉等9种杀虫荆在夏播芝麻田的应用效果试验.结果表明,5%甲胺基阿维菌素和25%噻虫嗪对蝽类的防治效果较好,施药后14d,防效仍在85%以上;10%吡虫啉和25%噻虫嗪对飞虱的防效最好,药效可维持到药后14 d,5%甲胺基阿维菌素防效次之,表明对刺吸式口器害虫综合防效最好的药剂...     

海水养殖业灾害保障体制探索

海水养殖业是我国海洋经济的支柱产业之一,面对频发的海洋灾害,海水养殖业灾害保障体制急需建立。从海水养殖业灾害保障的基本认识出发,探讨以多元化为特征的海水养殖业灾害保障体制构建,同时也为其他养殖业灾害保障体制建设提供借鉴。     

亚洲百合‘精粹’开花习性及花粉特性研究

以亚洲百合‘精粹’(LiliumAsiatic hybrid cv.‘Elite’)为材料,研究了‘精粹’百合的开花过程,以及培养基中蔗糖的浓度、温度、硼酸、Ca2+、花期、储藏条件等因素对其花粉萌发和花粉管伸长的影响。结果表明:‘精粹’百合的花期为4-5月份,单花期6-8 d,花被片6枚,分2轮,离生;雄蕊6枚,花丝细长,花药椭圆较大;开花后2 d的花粉萌发力最高;光照条件下25℃利于花粉萌发,最适培养基蔗糖浓度为10%,萌发率达79%;在一定浓度范围内,Ca2+对花粉的萌发率影响不大,主要影响花粉萌发速度和花粉管长度;当硼酸的浓度是10 mg.L-1时,花粉萌发率最高。硼酸浓度过高抑制花粉萌发。花粉储藏以5℃加干燥剂的储藏方式效果最佳。