利用FBP7::iaaM转基因材料同步改良短季棉品种晋棉11纤维产量 和品质

棉花在我国国民经济中具有举足轻重的地位。短季棉品种有利于提高土地利用率, 对于人多地少的中国来说, 发展短季棉对棉花的可持续发展具有重要意义。因此, 提高短季棉品种的产量和品质成为当前棉花育种的重要课题。前期工作中我们通过时空精确调控iaaM基因, 适当增加生长素在棉花胚珠种皮中的水平, 获得了纤维产量和细度同步改良的转基因棉花材料IF1-1 (FBP7::iaaM)。本文通过回交育种, 将FBP7::iaaM基因导入低衣分、高马克隆值的短季棉品种晋棉11, 获得了衣分提高、马克隆值降低、同时保留早熟特点的回交后代JBC4。连续2年的田间试验表明, JBC4的衣分比回交亲本提高了12.8%, 小区纤维产量增加56.3%, 马克隆值降低10.7%。说明该转基因性状能在杂交和回交过程中稳定遗传, 可用于棉花产量和马克隆值的定向改良。     

空间诱变绿豆长荚型突变系的分子生物学分析

中绿1号绿豆种子于1994年经返回式卫星搭载后,经过3年的地面种植和筛选得到了基本稳定的长英型突变系,该突变系荚长16cm左右,每荚种子粒数为15～19粒。通过对3个形态和荚长都基本稳定的突变系和原始对照品系之间的RAPD分析,从100个10-mer Operon引物中筛选出3个能产生稳定的遗传多态性的引物,其特异扩增产物分子量依次为1.4kb、1kb、2kb,因此分别命名为OPZ-13#-（1400）、OPY-07#-（1000）、OPY-04#-（2000）。OPZ-13#-（1400）和OPY-07#-（1000）的克隆和鉴定工作已经完成,其中OPY-07#-（1000）转换成了稳定的SCAR标记。3个突变系进行RAPD分析,彼此之间没有发现扩增产物的差异,它们与原始对照之间却有着共同的差异,表明长荚型突变品系在DNA分子水平上已接近同源。     

Immunolocalization of inhibin/activin subunits in the shiba goat fetal, neonatal, and adult testes

The objective of this study was to investigate the cellular immunolocalization of inhibin alpha and inhibin/activin (betaA and betaB) subunits in the fetal, neonatal and adult testes of Shiba goats. The testes were obtained from a fetus at 90 days, a neonate at 15 days, and two adult Shiba goats (both of 3 years old). The sections of testes were immunostained by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method (ABC) using polyclonal antisera raised against porcine inhibin alpha, inhibin/activin betaA, and inhibin/activin betaB. Inhibin alpha and inhibin/activin (betaA and betaB) subunits were expressed in Leydig cells, but not in the Sertoli cells of the fetus with a weak immunostaining. An increase in the number of positive cells and a more intense immunohistochemical signal for inhibin alpha and inhibin/activin (betaA and betaB) subunits were observed in the Leydig cells of neonatal testes. Moreover, inhibin alpha, betaA, and betaB subunits were expressed in the Sertoli cells and Leydig cells of adult testes, respectively. These results suggest that Shiba goats testes have the ability to synthesize inhibins in the fetus, neonate, and adult, and the cellular localization of inhibin/activin subunits showed age-related changes in fetal, neonatal, and adult testes of Shiba goats.     

甘肃主要土壤的理化性质对马铃薯品质的影响

通过对甘肃省马铃薯主产区主要土壤理化性质及马铃薯的品质测试分析，指出土壤有机质和物理性状是影响马铃薯外部形状的主要因素，土壤中Ｎ素供应强度是影响马铃薯块茎大小、淀粉价、蛋白质含量的主要因素，适当控制Ｎ肥用量，科学协调Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ比例是提高马铃薯商品率和单位面积淀粉产量的主要途径     

气候变化对冀西北青贮玉米种植布局影响的预测

针对气候变化背景下冀西北地区青贮玉米生产布局及应对未来气候变化政策调整的需要,利用ArcGIS 9.3技术最大熵模型研究青贮玉米种植区分布的气候适宜性。结果表明:目前冀西北地区青贮玉米种植区从北到东南总体呈现“最适宜区-适宜区-次适宜区-不适宜区”的分布格局。其中最适宜区面积占28.16%,建议种植中早熟品种;适宜区面积占57.72%,适宜种植中晚熟品种;次适宜区面积占9.65%,不适宜区占4.46%,建议对次适宜区和不适宜区的种植模式进行调整并减少种植面积。2030s、2050s气候情景数据预测表明:1986-2050年≥10℃积温与年平均温度持续上升,降水量呈现先上升（2030s）后下降（2050s）的趋势,2030s、2050s气候影响冀西北地区青贮玉米潜在种植区域明显,表现为青贮玉米适宜区随着未来气候变化逐渐减小,不适宜区呈现从南向北扩展的趋势。     

基于DSP的直线电机数字控制系统设计

利用TMS320LF2407的外设单元和高性能的DSP内核,设计无刷直流直线电机数字控制系统,介绍控制系统硬件电路的设计方法和软件流程。     

海区欧洲鳗网箱养殖中密度等因素对鳗鱼生长的影响

在盐度２４－２７‰的海水中，用大小不同的网箱对不同规格欧洲鳗进行了不同的养殖密度的生长比较。结果表明，欧洲鳗在海区网养养殖条件下可以正常摄食生长，６０天饲养期最高产量达６１．８ｋｇ／ｍ＾２，增重量达３４．５ｋｇ／ｍ＾２，增重率为１２６．６％，在一定范围内密度、网箱大小对其生长速度无明显影响，大体上体小的鳗种，生长速度快，但２５ｇ／尾以上鳗鱼，增重率上的差异并不明显。     

一步RT-PCR检测南芥菜花叶病毒方法的建立

本研究采用Trizol快速提取植物叶片总RNA，通过GeneBank设计特异性引物，并利用一步RT—PCR技术，最终建立了一套比较实用的检测ArMV的方法。该方法对于其它病毒的检测同样具有借鉴意义。     

Purification and characterization of pepsinogens and pepsins from the stomach of rice field eel (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Monopterus albus</Emphasis> Zuiew)

Three pepsinogens (PG1, PG2, and PG3) were highly purified from the stomach of freshwater fish rice field eel (Monopterus albus Zuiew) by ammonium sulfate fractionation and chromatographies on DEAE-Sephacel, Sephacryl S-200 HR. The molecular masses of the three purified PGs were all estimated as 36 kDa using SDS–PAGE. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) showed that pI values of the three PGs were 5.1, 4.8, and 4.6, respectively. All the PGs converted into corresponding pepsins quickly at pH 2.0, and their activities could be specifically inhibited by aspartic proteinase inhibitor pepstatin A. Optimum pH and temperature of the enzymes for hydrolyzing hemoglobin were 3.0–3.5 and 40–45°C. The K _m values of them were 1.2 × 10⁻⁴ M, 8.7 × 10⁻⁵ M, and 6.9 × 10⁻⁵ M, respectively. The turnover numbers (k _cat) of them were 23.2, 24.0, and 42.6 s⁻¹. Purified pepsins were effective in the degradation of fish muscular proteins, suggesting their digestive functions physiologically.