Symbiotic N<Subscript>2</Subscript> fixation and nitrate utilisation in irrigated lucerne (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Medicago sativa</Emphasis>) systems

Symbiotic N₂ fixation by lucerne (Medicago sativa) has capacity to provide significant inputs of N to agro-ecosystems, and the species has also been shown to scavenge soil mineral N and thus act as a sink for excess reactive N. The balance between these two N cycle processes was investigated in an extensive irrigated lucerne growing region where nitrate contamination of groundwater has been reported. We sampled 18 permanent pure lucerne stands under irrigation for standing dry matter, total shoot N, and N₂ fixation using ¹⁵N natural abundance along with activity of the inducible enzyme nitrate reductase as indicators of use of soil NO₃⁻ by lucerne. On average 65% of lucerne N was obtained from symbiotic N₂ fixation. Converting standing dry matter estimates to annual N₂ fixation amounts we calculated average N₂ fixation of 311 kg N/ha, including N in roots and nodules. Uptake of N from soil by lucerne was calculated to be 181 kg N/ha/year. We were not able to identify the source of this soil mineral N, although nitrate reductase activity of lucerne was higher than that of non-N₂ fixing species examined.     

Performance evaluation of forest co-management: a case study of Chunati Wildlife Sanctuary,Bangladesh

The objective was to evaluate the performance of the co-management of Nishorgo Support Project at Chunati Wildlife Sanctuary in Bangladesh. I adopted the Focus Groups Discussion method for opinion survey and applied the SWOTAHP technique for data analysis. Local people did not participate in the decision-making process of forest management and they perceived co-management as a threat to their livelihoods. Moreover, mistrust and misunderstanding among different stakeholders, political and ethical conflicts, lack of property rights of tribal communities, and lack of accountability and transparency were identified as the drawbacks of co-management.     

保定市一亩泉河河流中COD的变化及污染源分析

针对保定市城区水系管理委员会2017年3月公布的黑臭水体河流中的一亩泉河7.23km的黑臭水体段为参考进行了勘查、取样与COD实验工作,从2019年4月12日到2019年5月29日进行了为期一个半月的时间。研究结果表明:保定市一亩泉河河流不同位置COD大小不同、污染原因不同。通过周围景观的变化、对采样点附近居民进行的走访和COD浓度的测定,对一亩泉河的水质状况和污染源进行了全面系统地分析。并为此提出了切实可行、经济有效、便于管理的控制方案。     

几个新疆主栽果树树种抗寒性初步研究

以新疆9个常见果树的1年生休眠枝条为试材,在低温胁迫下测定其电解质渗出率,用Logistic曲线拟合求出拐点温度即半致死温度作为各试材抗寒力评价的参考指标。结果表明:9个树种中西梅和砀山梨的抗寒性最强,黄连木最弱。抗寒性由强至弱为西梅砀山梨库尔勒香梨枣扎343新新2温185阿月浑子黄连木。     

钙果物理参数和生物力学特性试验

为减少钙果在收获中的机械损伤，对品系为农大5号的钙果果实的3轴尺寸、密度、结实度以及采摘力进行了分析。结果表明:农大5号在采收时期的平均粒径大小呈正态分布；随着果实成熟度的增大，果实的结实度会降低；果实的抗挤压能力具有各向异性，顶部受到的抗压力最大，纵向次之，横向最小；果实成熟前期在受到横向、纵向及顶部压力时，其变异系数分别为27.0%、27.5%和23.9%；随着加载速率的提高，摘果的平均力呈下降趋势，表现为拉力在5 mmmin时最大，15 mmmin时次之，45 mmmin时最小；对农大5号钙果果实的采摘拉力进行回归模型分析，其决定系数为0.995 9。试验结果可为钙果采摘装置的结构参数和工作参数提供试验基础依据。