枳术丸水煎液对幼犬脾阳虚模型治疗作用研究

在观察枳术丸对脾阳虚幼犬模型的治疗作用基础上,比较3种不同剂量枳术丸水煎液的疗效,并研究其对幼犬胃酸分泌量和胃蛋白酶活性的影响。结果显示,枳术丸水煎液中剂量（含生药1.0g/mL）灌胃疗效最好,使幼犬采食量增加、体重恢复、血虚证指标改善最明显;其次为低剂量（含生药0.5g/mL）组;高剂量（含生药5.0g/mL）组和阳性对照组疗效最差;枳术丸水煎液中剂量提高幼犬胃酸分泌量和胃蛋白酶活性最明显。枳术丸水煎液对胃酸分泌量和胃蛋白酶活性的影响可能为其健脾作用机制。     

Cloning of Buffalo AQP9 Gene and Analysing its Expression in the Buffalo Tissues

Cloning buffalo AQP9 gene and analyzing its expression in buffalo tissues.A pair of primers was designed according to the released bovine AQP9 sequences in GenBank,which was used to clone buffalo AQP9 gene.The AQP9 gene was amplified by RT-PCR,whose nucleotide sequence and protein structure were analyzed by bioinformatics methods.The expression of AQP9 in buffalo tissues was assayed by Real-time quantitative PCR.The expression of AQP9 gene in buffalo ovary and testis tissue was detected by immunohistochemical staining method.The results showed that the cloned ORF length of buffalo AQP9 gene was 888 bp,which coded 295 amino acids.The results of multiple sequence comparison showed that the nucleotide sequence of buffalo AQP9 shared 99%,90%,97% and 88% homologeous compared with that of Bos taurus,Sus scrofa,Ovis ariessis and Homo sapiens,respectively,while shared 99%,86%,97%,83% homologeous for amino acids,respectively.Phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that AQP9 gene was highly conservative in the evolutionary process.Real-time quantitative PCR results showed that AQP9 gene expressed in buffalo liver,lung,brain,skin,testis and ovary tissues with different levels,had the most abundant expression in liver,followed by in skin and testis,less observed in lung and ovary.The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of AQP9 protein varied with the development of buffalo ovarian tissue,and gradually enhanced with follicle development.In testicular tissue,AQP9 protein expressed in spermatocyte and leydig cells of developmental stage testis.These results indicated that we had successfully cloned buffalo AQP9 gene sequences.The expression and its function of AQP9 in buffalo ovaries and testes might play an important role in follicle development and spermatogenesis.     

新冠疫情对牧区半牧区草原畜牧业的影响及建议

基于全国13个省(区)牧区和半农半牧区的线上调研数据,定量分析了新冠疫情发生对农牧民生活和生产的影响。结果表明:疫情对牧区半牧区生产生活带来一定影响,但整体来看影响低于东南沿海地区。储备饲草料习惯、家畜饲养规模和家庭净收入对农牧民抵御疫情影响的能力具有显著影响。牧区半牧区发展在此次抗击新冠疫情中表现出一定的适应能力,是我国牧区政策、牧区地缘优势和农牧民生产生活习惯共同作用的结果。针对牧区存在的风险与发展短板,从完善牧区政策和市场条件、创新生产模式和社会化服务模式及加强基础建设等方面提出建议,以期为牧区半牧区草原畜牧业平稳有序发展提供科技支撑。     

中能中蛋白水平下维生素A、D3对0～6周龄肉仔鸡生产性能的影响

采用3×3随机交叉试验设计,研究中能中蛋白水平下日粮VA、VD3对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响。1日龄AA肉仔鸡540只随机分为9组,每组3个重复,每重复20只鸡。3个VA添加水平为3000、6000、12000IU/kg;3个VD3添加水平为200、400、800IU/kg;0～3和4～6周龄基础日粮代谢能、粗蛋白水平分别为12.34MJ/kg,21%;12.76MJ/kg,19%。结果表明:①日粮VA水平对体增重、耗料量、料重比、存活率均无显著影响(P>0.05);②随VD3添加水平的增加,体增重、耗料量、存活率显著增加(P<0.05);③综合考虑生产性能和经济效益,认为0～3和4～6周龄肉仔鸡日粮VA添加量均以3000IU/kg较为适宜,VD3添加量均以800IU/kg较为适宜。     

碘醚柳胺对大鼠胚胎毒性和致畸性

以23．0,51.8,116.4mg/kg碘醚柳胺在Wistar大鼠妊娠后7－15d口服，各剂量组吸收胎和死胎率增加，活胎率减少，但对胎鼠外观，骨骼和内脏无致畸性，高剂量组对胎鼠生长发育和孕体重增长有明显的负影响，表明碘西边柳胺对大鼠有胚胎毒性，无致畸作用，提出，在临床上怀孕动物应慎用。     

蜜蜂肠道菌群的调节作用及影响因素

近年来, 蜜蜂数量的大量减少导致全球养蜂业面临重要的经济损失,并对农业各个方面造成了严重后果。最新的研究表明肠道菌群与宿主的健康息息相关。综述了肠道菌群的种类和特性,阐述了肠道菌群在蜜蜂等昆虫健康中的调节作用及影响肠道菌群的因素,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。     

鸡II型干扰素存在亚型

采用RT-PCR法从惠阳胡须鸡克隆了II型干扰素基因(ChIFNγ2)。ChIFNγ2是含19个氨基 酸的信号肽和145个氨基酸的成熟蛋白，与已报道的鸡II型干扰素基因（ChIFNγ）长度一 致 ，核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为97%和92.7%；有12处氨基酸发生点变异。ChIFNγ2与禽类IFNγ和哺乳动物IFNγ在氨基酸水平上同源性分别为62.2% ～92.7%和26.5% ～31.8%。1980年国际干扰素命名委员会建议, 在一特定的干扰素型别内，氨基酸序列或组成方面有差异时可确 定为亚型。根据这些规定，惠阳胡须鸡ChIFNγ2可被定为一种新亚型的鸡II型干扰素。即II 型干扰素中存在亚型。     

红豆草茬地放牧对湖羊和小尾寒羊生长性能、瘤胃内环境参数及微生物区系的影响

本试验以空怀期湖羊和小尾寒羊为研究对象,分析在红豆草茬地放牧条件下其生长性能、瘤胃内环境参数及瘤胃微生物区系之间的差异,以期为不同品种放牧绵羊对红豆草茬地的响应情况积累数据,进而为陇中地区草地生产系统的科学管理提供技术支持。选择年龄一致、体况良好的空怀期湖羊[平均体重（31.95±1.60） kg]和小尾寒羊[平均体重（27.38±2.84） kg]各24只为试验动物,于红豆草二茬草地进行为期45 d的混群放牧试验,试验期间测定动物体重并采集瘤胃液用于瘤胃内环境参数和瘤胃微生物区系分析。结果表明：1）湖羊组始重和末重显著高于小尾寒羊组（P<0.05）,但平均日增重和体重增长率显著低于小尾寒羊组（P<0.05）。2）小尾寒羊组瘤胃总挥发性脂肪酸含量显著高于湖羊组（P<0.05）。3）小尾寒羊组瘤胃微生物Shannon指数显著高于湖羊组（P<0.05）,Simpson指数显著低于湖羊组（P<0.05）。4）在门水平上,湖羊组的优势菌门依次为变形菌门（58.81%）、拟杆菌门（17.21%）和厚壁菌门（16.09%）,而小尾寒羊组的优势菌门依次为厚壁菌门（36....     

Obturator nerve impingement as a severe late complication of bilateral triple pelvic osteotomy

A four-year-old female spayed Labrador Retriever, which had undergone bilateral triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO) at the age of eight months, was presented with severe progressive shifting pelvic limb lameness for a duration of three months prior to presentation. The dog had multiple episodes of showing signs of excruciating pain, as well as an inability to rise or ambulate, inappetance, and lethargy. Orthopaedic examination revealed severe bilateral pelvic limb muscular atrophy, and signs of severe pain on abduction of the pelvic limbs, on rectal palpation ventrally, and on palpation of the region of the iliopsoas and pectineus muscles bilaterally. Surgery was indicated to explore the region and to release the pectineus and iliopsoas muscles. During surgery, callus tissue and the free section of pubic bone were found to be impinging on the obturator nerve at the previous TPO pubic osteotomy site bilaterally. On both sides, a 1 to 2 cm segment of pubis and fibrous callus tissue were excised and the obturator nerves were freed from the impingement. Immediately after the surgery, the patient's stance and gait were dramatically improved. The dog could maintain a much broader based stance and make longer strides with the pelvic limbs. At the two month follow-up examination, there were not any signs of lameness noted. Obturator nerve impingement can be a serious potential complication of TPO and may manifest clinically as marked pelvic limb lameness years after surgery.     

绵羊QTL定位的研究进展

本文综述了绵羊的重要经济性状QTL定位的方法和进展，并提出存在问题和展望。