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81.
Tsuneo Sato Hisashi Shibuya Shigeo Ohba Toshio Nojiri Wataru Shirai 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2003,34(2):184-188
Two male Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris) died at the marine aquarium in Inagi City, Tokyo, Japan. Acid-fast bacteria were demonstrated in tuberculoid nodules in the lungs from both manatees. Mycobacterium marinum and M. fortuitum were isolated from one manatee; M. marinum and M. kansasii were cultured from the second animal. This report confirms the pathogenicity and potentially fatal outcome of mycobacterial infection in manatees. In addition, the pathologic response to infection with these mycobacteria in manatees is similar to that associated with Mycobacterium spp. in other animals. 相似文献
82.
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84.
Tsuneo Matsumaru Tadakatsu Yoneyama Tsumugu Totsuka Koji Shiratori 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(2):255-265
Tomato, sunflower and com plants were grown in culture solution containing three different concentrations of 15N-Iabelled KNO3 (260 ppm N, 105 ppm N, and 26 ppm N) as a nitrogen nutrient, and fumigated with 0.3 ppm NO2 for 2 weeks during their vegetative stages. The amount of NO2 nitrogen absorbed into the plants was estimated by “difference method” and “15N method.” “15N method” was found to give more probable values than “difference method.” According to “15N method,” the nitrogen derived from NO3 was about 16% (tomato), 22% (sunflower), and 14% (com) of the increased amount of total nitrogen in the whole plants in the 105 ppm N plot, and these percentages increased in the 26 ppm N plot. Difference in nitrogen concentration of the culture solution resulted in big change in the dryweight increase of the tomato and sunflower plants, but the absorption rate of NO2 nitrogen based on the dry weight changed slightly. The absorption rate of NO2 nitrogen was around 0.8 mg (gDW)-1 day-1 in tomato and sunflower plants, and 0.3 mg (gDW)-1 day-1 in com plant. Leaves were found to be an active sink of NO2 and the nitrogen of NO2 seemed to be rapidly transformed into compounds of high molecules in the leaf cells. 相似文献
85.
The stored nitrogen in perennial plants plays an important role in their regrowth in spring. Free L-arginine is one of the major forms of stored nitrogen (6, 9) .. LArginine is metabolized via the urea cycle in animal and plant tissues. In animal tissues, L-arginine is also metabolized via r-guanidinobutyramide, r-guanidinobutyric acid, and r-aminobutyric acid to the TCA cycle. In plant tissues, few attempts have been made to study arginine-metabolic routes other than the urea cycle. In white spruce tissues (3), L-arginine is metabolized via r-guanidinobutyric acid. Also in citrus tissues (4, 5), the operation of the same metabolic route has been reported. In these experiments, it was observed that various guanidino compounds reacted with the Sakaguchi reagent. To obtain more information about the guanidino compounds involved in the arginine metabolism, the analytical system was evaluated and the presence of these compounds in several plant species was examined. 相似文献
86.
Shin-ichi MIYATA Ken-ichiro FURUKI Toshimi SAWAYANAGI Kenro OSHIMA Tsutomu KUBOYAMA Tsuneo TSUCHIZAKI Masashi UGAKI Shigetou NAMBA 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2002,68(1):62-67
The complete region of a putative streptomycin operon (str operon) of onion yellows (OY) phytoplasma, a phytopathogenic mollicute, was isolated and sequenced. This operon contains four
genes, rps12, rps7, fus, and tuf, encoding ribosomal proteins S12 and s7, elongation factor (EF) -G, and EF-Tu, respectively. These four genes constitute the
str operon in non-mollicute bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. In two species of mollicute Mycoplasma, the tuf gene was reported not to be included in this operon, but was located apart, indicating that the gene arrangement of this operon
in phytoplasmas resembles that of B. subtilis more than that of Mycoplasma spp. In addition, the deduced amino acid sequence of EF-G of phytoplasmas also resembles that of B. subtilis more than that of Mycoplasma spp. These results suggest that analyses of the gene organization and sequence of the phytoplasma genome will provide valuable
insights into evolutionary relationships among the culturable mollicutes, phytoplasmas and other Gram-positive bacteria.
Received 25 April 2001/ Accepted in revised form 21 August 2001 相似文献
87.
Kei Sugawara Ayako Matsudate Yoko Ito Tsuneo Namai 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2009,75(2):163-166
Leaf spots were found on Christmas rose (Helleborus niger) in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan, in October 2006. The morphology of the causal fungus was very close to that of Colletotrichum truncatum. Classifying the species from the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer regions of ribosomal DNA was inconclusive,
and the isolates were identified only as Colletotrichum sp. Artificial inoculation confirmed the pathogenicity of isolates to the host plant and some legumes. We propose the name
anthracnose of Christmas rose for this disease by Colletotrichum sp. 相似文献
88.
Toshihiro Hasegawa Shinji Sawano Shinkichi Goto Pisarn Konghakote Anan Polthanee Yasushi Ishigooka Tsuneo Kuwagata Hitoshi Toritani Jun Furuya 《Paddy and Water Environment》2008,6(1):73-82
Climate change will have significant impacts on the rain-fed rice production ecosystem, and particularly on the ecosystem’s
hydrology and water resources. Under rain-fed lowland conditions, substantial variations among fields in grain yield are commonly
observed, but a method that can account for field-scale yield variability to produce regional-scale yield estimates is lacking,
thereby limiting our ability to predict future rice production under changing climate and variable water resources. In this
study, we developed a model for estimating regional yields of rain-fed lowland rice in Northeast Thailand, by combining a
simple crop model with a crop calendar model. The crop model incorporates the effects of two important resources (water and
nitrogen) on crop growth. The biomass accumulation is driven by water use, whereas the nitrogen supply determines canopy development
and thereby constrains crop water use. Accounting for the wide range of planting dates and the strong photoperiod-sensitive
characteristics of rice varieties through the calendar model is an essential component in determining regional yield estimates.
The present model does not account for the effects of mid-season drought or flooding, but was nonetheless able to explain
the spatial and temporal yield variations at the province level for the past 25 years. Thus, it can be used as a prototype
for simulating regional yields of rain-fed lowland rice. 相似文献
89.
Shinji Sawano Toshihiro Hasegawa Shinkichi Goto Pisarn Konghakote Anan Polthanee Yasushi Ishigooka Tsuneo Kuwagata Hitoshi Toritani 《Paddy and Water Environment》2008,6(1):83-90
Rain-fed lowlands are major agricultural ecosystems used for rice production in Northeast Thailand. Developing a tool to assess
the effects of variable water conditions on the regional scale yield is also important to predict the effects of climate change
on food supply. To estimate regional yields, we need a simple but accurate measure of the crop calendar (i.e., the distribution
of planting dates), which has a strong influence on grain yield. In this article, we modeled the dependence of the crop calendar
on rainfall patterns based on a survey of the region’s farmers as a part of an effort to provide a stronger basis for regional
yield estimates. Our survey, conducted in 11 provinces for 2 years, confirmed the existence of large windows for sowing and
transplanting versus narrow windows for heading and harvesting for rain-fed lowland rice culture in all the provinces. Variable
water, soil, and toposequential conditions in the paddy fields were responsible for the large sowing and transplanting windows,
whereas the use of photoperiod-sensitive varieties explained the narrow windows for heading and harvesting. The crop calendar
was well expressed as a function of cumulative precipitation from June onward. When the crop calendar model was combined with
a simple phenology-based model that uses growing degree-days adjusted by a day-length factor, we could estimate the rice crop
calendar under rain-fed lowland conditions with acceptable accuracy. The model described in this article will be combined
with a crop growth model to improve regional yield estimates for rain-fed lowland rice. 相似文献
90.
Haruyama J Ohtake M Matsunaga T Morota T Honda C Yokota Y Abe M Ogawa Y Miyamoto H Iwasaki A Pieters CM Asada N Demura H Hirata N Terazono J Sasaki S Saiki K Yamaji A Torii M Josset JL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2009,323(5916):905-908
We determined model ages of mare deposits on the farside of the Moon on the basis of the crater frequency distributions in 10-meter-resolution images obtained by the Terrain Camera on SELENE (Selenological and Engineering Explorer) (Kaguya). Most mare volcanism that formed mare deposits on the lunar farside ceased at approximately 3.0 billion years ago, suggesting that mare volcanism on the Moon was markedly reduced globally during this period. However, several mare deposits at various locations on the lunar farside also show a much younger age, clustering at approximately 2.5 billion years ago. These young ages indicate that mare volcanism on the lunar farside lasted longer than was previously considered and may have occurred episodically. 相似文献