Collembolan community dynamics during deciduous forests regeneration in Japan

The structure and feeding group composition of collembolan communities were studied in secondary deciduous forests of different ages to investigate the collembolan community response to environmental changes associated with forest cycles. The study was carried out at eight sites forming a chronosequence (1, 4, 12, 24, 51, 54, 71 and 128 years after clear cutting) of deciduous forest stands in northern Ibaraki (Japan). Total collembolan density and species richness was low at the 1-year-old site, and there was little difference in density among sites over 4 years of age. The density of sucking feeders was especially low at the 1-year-old site. Species richness of trees of a diameter at breast height (DBH)<5 cm positively correlated with the density of fungal feeders. Species richness of total Collembolans and of sucking feeders correlated positively with the water content of the organic layer. Ordination of the collembolan community with Canonical Correspondence Analysis suggested that species richness of larger trees (DBH 5 cm) contributed to the differences in species composition of fungal feeders and sucking feeders. We conclude that total abundance and species richness of collembolans recovered within 4 years after clear-cutting, but species composition of fungal feeders and sucking feeders took longer to recover.     

冻融期气温与土壤水盐运移特征研究

在中国西北干旱、寒冷地区,冻融作用是土壤盐碱化独特的形成机制。该文以内蒙古河套灌区为例,基于田间实测资料,对土壤冻融期间多年水分、盐分和温度的变化规律进行分析。研究结果表明：不同土层各个年度的土壤温度变化规律基本一致,土壤温度的变化滞后于气温的变化,而且滞后时间随着土层深度的增大而增大;气温的降低引起了土壤温度的降低,从而引起水分和盐分的迁移;盐分的时间变异系数(0.30～0.85)大于水分的变异系数(0.02～0.40),说明盐分的运移机制比水分运移机制复杂。该研究结果为河套灌区冻融土壤水热盐耦合模拟的研究和秋浇制度的制定提供了基础理论依据。