Cry1Ac敏感和抗性小菜蛾bre-3和bre-5 基因mRNA的表达差异研究

在室内选用Cry1Ac对小菜蛾Plutella xylostella 3龄幼虫进行抗性选育,获得相对抗性为356倍的抗性种群DBM1Ac-R品系。应用实时定量基因扩增荧光检测(real time quantitative PCR,real-time qPCR)技术检测敏感小菜蛾DBM1Ac-S和抗性小菜蛾DBM1Ac-R品系鞘糖脂(Glycosphingolipids,GSLs)合成酶基因bre-3和bre-5 mRNA在2龄、3龄、4龄和老熟幼虫、蛹及4龄中肠的表达情况。结果显示:bre-3和bre-5在两个品系的5个时期和4龄中肠均有表达,其中DBM1Ac-S品系的bre-3 mRNA在3龄、4龄和老熟幼虫的相对表达量显著高于DBM1Ac-R品系(PPBacillus thuringiensis,Bt)杀虫晶体蛋白受体之一GSLs的进一步研究提供了一定的基础。     

暖季放牧条件下羔羊15种血清生化指标与体重变化关系的研究

选取体重（24.71 kg±2.07 kg）相近的4月龄哈萨克土种公羔羊20只,在伊犁昭苏马场特克斯河北岸天然草场进行了放牧,研究暖季放牧条件下羔羊血清生化指标与体重变化的关系。结果表明,4～8月龄羔羊月平均日增重依次为（175±34） g、（92±36） g、（158±46） g、（81±36） g,4～5月龄和6～7月龄平均日增重显著高于5～6月龄和7～8月龄（P＜0.05）。血清生化指标中碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、谷草转氨酶（GOT）各月龄含量差异不显著（P＞0.05）;5、7月龄总蛋白（TP）含量高于4、8月龄,并显著高于6月龄（P＜0.05）;4、5月龄白蛋白（ALB）含量显著高于6、7、8月龄（P＜0.05）;5、7月龄球蛋白（GLB）含量分别高于4、6、8月龄,7月龄显著高于6月龄（P＜0.05）;4、6月龄白/球（A/G）高于5、8月龄,显著高于7月龄（P＜0.05）;尿素氮（BUN）含量4、5、7、8月龄间差异不显著（P＞0.05）,但显著高于6月龄（P＜0.05）;5、7月龄GLU含量显著高于6、8月龄（P＜0.05）;总胆固醇（TC）、谷丙转氨酶（GPT）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL- C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）含量在4～8月龄逐渐升高（HDL-C5月龄略有下降）,TC、GPT含量相邻月龄间差异不显著（P＞0.05）,LDL-C、HDL- C含量7、8月龄显著高于4、5、6月龄（P＜0.05）;甘油三酯（TG）含量在整个试验期总体呈下降趋势,相邻月龄间仅7月龄含量显著高于8月龄（P＜0.05）;游离脂肪酸（FFA）含量8月龄显著高于其余各月龄（P＜0.05）,6月龄高于4月龄,并显著高于5、7月龄（P＜0.01）。     

暖季放牧条件下对羔羊采食量、消化及体增重的研究

试验于2008年5月15日—9月28日选用55只4月龄哈萨克公羔羊在新疆伊犁哈萨克自治州昭苏马场特克斯河北岸天然草场放牧,进行体重及体尺测定,其中20只羊进行消化试验。结果表明,整个试验期,放牧羔羊的生长发育随牧草和季节变化呈现出波动性,出现2个生长高峰(5月龄和7月龄)。体重总体呈上升趋势。7、8月龄间羔羊平均体重有显著差异（P<0.05）,其余各月龄间差异极显著（P<0.01）。试验期各月龄羔羊平均日增重依次为（187.8±55.7） g、（100.1±44.7） g、（174.6±45.2） g和（82.1±36.0） g。放牧羔羊各项体尺指标相对增长幅度5月龄高于6月龄、7月龄高于8月龄;放牧羔羊体尺累积增长幅度从大到小排列为胸围、体长、体高、胸深、胸宽、管围。放牧羔羊DM、OM、CP消化率5月龄均极显著高于4月龄（P<0.01）。DM消化率5~7月龄在下降,5、7月龄间差异极显著（P<0.01）;OM消化率6月龄和7月龄基本持平,8月龄时达到最大值,但5~8月龄羔羊各月龄间差异不显著;CP消化率5~8月龄在持续下降,7、8月龄间差异不显著,其余各月龄间差异极显著（P<0.01）。     

Interactions between wind and water erosion change sediment yield and particle distribution under simulated conditions

Wind and water erosion are among the most important causes of soil loss, and understanding their interactions is important for estimating soil quality and environmental impacts in regions where both types of erosion occur. We used a wind tunnel and simulated rainfall to study sediment yield, particle-size distribution and the fractal dimension of the sediment particles under wind and water erosion. The experiment was conducted with wind erosion firstly and water erosion thereafter, under three wind speeds(0, 11 and 14 m/s) and three rainfall intensities(60, 80 and 100 mm/h). The results showed that the sediment yield was positively correlated with wind speed and rainfall intensity(P<0.01). Wind erosion exacerbated water erosion and increased sediment yield by 7.25%–38.97% relative to the absence of wind erosion. Wind erosion changed the sediment particle distribution by influencing the micro-topography of the sloping land surface. The clay, silt and sand contents of eroded sediment were also positively correlated with wind speed and rainfall intensity(P<0.01). Wind erosion increased clay and silt contents by 0.35%–19.60% and 5.80%–21.10%, respectively, and decreased sand content by 2.40%–8.33%, relative to the absence of wind erosion. The effect of wind erosion on sediment particles became weaker with increasing rainfall intensities, which was consistent with the variation in sediment yield. However, particle-size distribution was not closely correlated with sediment yield(P>0.05). The fractal dimension of the sediment particles was significantly different under different intensities of water erosion(P<0.05), but no significant difference was found under wind and water erosion. The findings reported in this study implicated that both water and wind erosion should be controlled to reduce their intensifying effects, and the controlling of wind erosion could significantly reduce water erosion in this wind-water erosion crisscross region.     

番木瓜畸形花叶病毒hc-pro基因保守基序FRNK点突变对病症表现的影响

为研究番木瓜畸形花叶病毒（PLDMV）hc-pro基因保守基序FRNK对病症表现的影响,本研究采用定点突变的方法,获得了PLDMV-DF的hc-pro基因保守基序FRNK的精氨酸（R）突变为异亮氨酸（I）的突变体克隆p35SPLDMV-GFP-R183/I,该位点突变显著减轻了PLDMV在番木瓜上的病症表现,表明是影响其致病性的关键位点。本研究结果为利用交叉保护防控番木瓜畸形花叶病毒病提供了重要参考和材料。      

Preparation and Properties of Antistatic Polyethylene Film Coated Polypropylene Non-woven Fabrics

In this paper, antistatic PE/PP coated non-woven fabrics were prepared by the coating process of the antistatic finished PE films and PP non-woven fabrics using the heat pressing process of the hot melt adhesives. The antistatic finishing of polyethylene (PE) films and polypropylene (PP) non-woven fabrics were processed by one face foam finishing and dip-pad finishing process, respectively. The antistatic properties of PE/PP coated non-woven fabrics which were influenced by the antistatic finishing processes and the thickness of PE films were investigated. The static charges transmission mechanism of these coated non-woven fabrics was illustrated. The results revealed that the static charges were transferred and dissipated by forming the continuous conductive path and network between the film-adhesive and adhesive-fabric due to the hot melt adhesion and squeezing of the antistatic agents existing inside of of the non-woven fabrics matrix and on the film surface. The antistatic properties of coated non-woven fabrics were improved with the increasing of the antistatic agent concentration on the finishing solution. And the antistatic properties of PE films were greatly influenced by the film thickness, the thinner of PE films the much more obvious improvement of the film surface antistatic properties. The finishing process wouldn’t reduce the peeling strength of the coated non-woven fabrics. The antistatic properties of the PE/PP coated non-woven fabrics possessed high washing durability due to the crosslinking fixation effect of the hot melt adhesives which wouldn’t be weakened after several times washing.     

锦屏一级拱坝左岸边坡施工期的监测与分析

锦屏一级拱坝左岸边坡开挖高度大,地质条件较复杂,加之施工工期紧,施工过程中不可预见的因素较多。因此,加强该边坡的施工期监测,是非常重要且必要的。变形是反映边坡稳定性最直观的物理量,选取依托工程坝肩槽A-A监测断面为分析的典型断面,通过布设在该断面的多点位移计实测的变形数据,及时地进行了边坡岩石变形的监测和分析工作,为指导边坡开挖的安全施工,优化施工方案提供了实测依据。在坝肩槽边坡的开挖过程中,根据反馈的监测信息分析成果,针对岩石变形超过安全预警值的情况,及时地采取调整施工进度和加强支护等措施,确保了施工的安全顺利进行。     

拖拉机整车系统声固耦合噪声响应分析

建立了拖拉机驾驶室内部噪声随机响应的声固耦合模型，利用该模型计算了驾驶室内部噪声的随机响应，经ＭＴＳ振台上的道路模拟试验表明，计算结果和试验结果吻合较好。把此模型和文献１中计算发动机振动引起的室内噪声模型结合在一起，对拖拉机在实际工况下的室内噪声进行了分析计算和试验，获得了较满意的结果。利用上述方法，在拖拉机产品设计阶段就能对其声学性能进行分析和修改，改变了以往要等样机制造出来之后才能对其声学性能进行分析的传统做法，使拖拉机驾驶室的动态择优声学设计成为可能。     

微喷灌施肥对三七土壤氮素运移转化试验研究

为探明微喷灌施肥对三七土壤氮素运移转化影响,2017—2020年在泸西县大栗树村三七种植基地设置3个灌水水平0.4FC(W1),0.6FC(W2),0.8FC(W3),4个施肥水平3.20(F1),4.80(F2),6.20(F3)和120.00 kg/ha(F4),CK为对照,共13个处理.研究微喷灌施肥条件下不同灌水及施肥对三七土壤全氮、硝态氮和铵态氮运移转化影响.结果表明:不同灌水施肥全氮质量比随时间增加先增大后减小,硝态氮质量比随时间增加先减小后增大,铵态氮质量比随时间增加逐渐减小,8月W2F3全氮质量比最大,9月W2F4硝态氮质量比最大,6月W2F4铵态氮质量比最大.全氮和铵态氮质量比随土层深度增加逐渐减小,硝态氮质量比随土层深度增加先减小后增大,全氮、硝态氮和铵态氮聚集在土层0~10 cm,W2F3土壤全氮和硝态氮质量比最大,W2F4铵态氮质量比最大.灌水量与硝态氮和铵态氮相关性具有统计学意义(P<0.01),与全氮呈负相关且相关性具有统计学意义(P<0.05),施肥量与硝态氮呈正相关且相关性具有统计学意义(P<0.01),与铵态氮相关性具有统计学意义(P<0.05).该研究明确灌溉施肥可调控酸性红壤土三七氮素运移转化特性,改善农田微生态环境,提高水氮利用效率,为有效防治病虫害提供技术支持和理论依据.     

铰接式拖拉机静态二级倾翻稳定性分析

证明了铰接式拖拉机在横向一级失稳以后存在两种二级失稳形式：横向二级失稳及纵向失稳，分析了二级失稳坡度角与停机位置的关系及二级失稳坡度角与一级失稳坡度角的关系，绘出了完整的稳定区域图，找到了最小二级失稳坡度角及其所在的停机方位，最后以模型实验的结果验证了理论分析的正确性。