葛根对奶牛脂肪肝细胞生化指标的影响

为探讨葛根对奶牛脂肪肝细胞的作用机制,采用胶原酶二步灌流法分离病牛的肝细胞,并观察细胞形态。用不同浓度的葛根水提物处理肝细胞,生化法检测细胞上清液中丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）活性,并测定细胞裂解液中甘油三酯（TG）、胆固醇（TC）、丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性及含量。结果显示,50、100、500 μg/mL葛根水提物能极显著降低肝细胞中ALT、AST、TG、TC、MDA活性及含量,增加SOD活性（P < 0.01）。葛根水提物能显著改善肝细胞的相关生化指标,其机制可能与调节脂质代谢、抗脂质过氧化作用相关。     

碘醚柳胺对大鼠胚胎毒性和致畸性

以23．0,51.8,116.4mg/kg碘醚柳胺在Wistar大鼠妊娠后7－15d口服，各剂量组吸收胎和死胎率增加，活胎率减少，但对胎鼠外观，骨骼和内脏无致畸性，高剂量组对胎鼠生长发育和孕体重增长有明显的负影响，表明碘西边柳胺对大鼠有胚胎毒性，无致畸作用，提出，在临床上怀孕动物应慎用。     

Effects of Compound Chinese Medicine on Growth Performance,Nutrients Apparent Digestibility,Immune Function and Slaughter Performance of Weaning Rex Rabbits

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different levels of compound Chinese medicine on growth performance,nutrients apparent digestibility,immune function and slaughter performance of weaning Rex rabbits.70 healthy Rex rabbits at age of 60 days were divided into 7 groups with 5 replicates per group and 2 rabbits per replicate.Group Ⅰ was fed with basic diet as control group,group Ⅱ was fed the basal diet supplemented with antibiotic (contains 50 mg/kg milligrams bacitracin zinc,10 mg/kg colistin sulfate).The other five groups (Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ,Ⅵ and Ⅶ) were fed the basal diet supplemented with 1%,2%,3%,4%,5% compound Chinese medicine,respectively.The pre-test period lasted for 7 days and the trial period lasted for 45 days.The results showed as follows:①The ADG in group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P< 0.05),the F/G in group Ⅳ was significantly lower than that in other groups (P< 0.05).②The apparent digestibility of DM in group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅰand Ⅱ (P< 0.05),the apparent digestibility of DM in group Ⅶ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P< 0.05).The apparent digestibility of CF in group Ⅳ was extremely significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P< 0.01),the apparent digestibility of CF in group Ⅶ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P< 0.05).The apparent digestibility of NDF in group Ⅳ was extremely significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P< 0.01),and significantly higher than that in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅴ and Ⅶ (P< 0.05).The apparent digestibility of ADF in group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅴ and Ⅶ (P< 0.05).The apparent digestibility of CP in group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P< 0.05).③ There were no significant differences in the contents of IgG,IgA and IgM of serum among all groups (P> 0.05),the spleen index in group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅴ (P< 0.05).④There were no significant differences in the slaughter rate,half eviscerated slaughter rate and all eviscerated slaughter rate among all groups (P> 0.05).In summary,adding compound Chinese medicine and antibiotics in the feed both could improve the growth performance,nutrients apparent digestibility,immune function and slaughter performance of weaning Rex rabbits,and the appropriate compound Chinese medicine level in the diet of weaning Rex rabbits was 2%.     

微生物降解多环芳烃研究

在比较研究和具体实践的基础上,提出了漆酶、锰过氧化物酶和木素过氧化物酶活力测定的标准方法,详细介绍了各标准方法的具体操作步骤及其在实际研究中的分析应用.     

致弱过程中高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒HuN4株部分生物学特性的研究

为了研制高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(HP-PRRS)弱毒疫苗,将高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(HP-PRRSV)HuN4株进行了致弱驯化,在Marc-145细胞上对其进行了3次蚀斑克隆和连续传代.该毒株的病变速度随着代次增高逐渐加快,传至80代以后其病毒滴度达到最高并保持稳定;电镜观察发现低代次病毒粒子形态以棒状为主,高代次病毒粒子形态以球形为主;蚀斑形态比较发现低代次病毒形成的蚀斑大小不一,而高代次病毒形成的蚀斑大小均一;序列分析和病毒抗原性分析表明HuN4株传代过程中GP5蛋白羧基端1个主要抗原表位(196QWGRL200)发生突变即196Q突变为196R,针对该表位的单克隆抗体只与HuN4株低代次病毒反应而不与高代次病毒反应.以上结果表明:在Marc-145细胞上经蚀斑克隆和连续传代致使HP-PRRSV HuN4株部分生物学特性发生改变,这些特性的改变在病毒弱化过程中的作用还有待进一步的研究.     

HSN1亚型禽流感病毒NA基因在重组禽痘病毒中的表达及其产物的免疫原性

将禽流感病毒A／Goose／Guangdong／1／96（H5N1）株的NA基因及LacZ报告基因克隆到禽痘病毒载体pSY681中，构建重组转移载体pSY（NA＋LacZ），将其转染鸡胚成纤维细胞，经蓝白斑筛选，纯化表达NA基因的重组禽痘病毒rFPV-NA，用其免疫SPF鸡，检测该重组禽痘病毒的免疫原性。结果显示，该重组禽痘病毒能够在体外培养细胞内表达具有生物学活性的NA蛋白，表达产物的分子质量约为55ku；用该重组禽痘病毒免疫SPF鸡后，能够使免疫鸡获得对H5N1和H7N1两种亚型HPAIV攻击的部分保护。表明，重组禽痘病毒rFPV—NA具有良好的免疫原性。     

ZBED6基因敲除猪肾脏转录组分析

【目的】探究锌指BED结构域结合蛋白6(zinc finger BED domain-containing protein 6,ZBED6)基因敲除对猪肾脏组织基因转录表达的影响,并解析ZBED6基因调控猪肾脏代谢的靶基因及其通路。【方法】对8月龄ZBED6基因敲除巴马香猪(ZBED6 KO)和同月龄野生型巴马香猪(WT)的肾脏组织(n=3)进行总RNA提取,利用实时荧光定量PCR检测胰岛素样生长因子2(insulin-like growth factor 2,IGF2)和差异基因的表达量;以Illumina Hiseq高通量测序技术对ZBED6 KO和WT猪肾脏组织mRNA进行转录组测序(RNA-Seq),用猪Sus scrofa 11.1作为参考基因组序列,通过生物信息学软件TopHat、Cufflink、Cuffmerge和Cuffdiff对测序数据进行分析,筛选ZBED6 KO和WT猪肾脏组织中的差异表达基因,对差异表达基因进行层次聚类和KEGG通路富集分析,并通过实时荧光定量PCR验证RNA-Seq结果中差异表达基因的可靠性。【结果】实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,ZBED6 K...     

外源赤霉素GA3对偃麦草属植物种子萌发特性的影响

促进偃麦草属植物种子萌发是偃麦草属植物栽培草地成功建植的关键。通过不同浓度外源赤霉素 GA₃溶液(0、500、1 000、1 500 和 2 000 mg/L)对长穗偃麦草、中间偃麦草和偃麦草种子进行浸种处理,分析外源 GA₃对 3 种偃麦草属植物种子萌发及生理特性的影响。结果表明：随外源 GA₃处理浓度的增加,3 种偃麦草属植物种子发芽率和发芽势均显著提高,1 500 mg/L 是最适合打破种子休眠而萌发的浓度;GA₃浸种处理促进了 3 种偃麦草属植物种子胚根和胚芽的生长,提高了内源生长促进物质 IAA 和 GA₃ 含量,降低生长抑制物质 ABA 含量,且提高了胚芽的 POD 活性,降低了 MDA 含量。 1 500 mg/L 外源 GA₃浸种处理可较好地调控种子内源激素含量继而促进种子萌发,为偃麦草属植物种子高效生产和草地建植提供了理论依据。     

不同干扰类型下滇西北高寒草甸土壤化学计量特征

为了解不同干扰类型对土壤养分的影响,本研究以云南迪庆州高寒草甸为对象,分析了封育?+?火烧、封育?+施肥、封育和放牧4种不同干扰类型下的土壤碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)化学计量特征.结果表明:1)在同一类型干扰下,土壤C、N、P、K浓度随着土层深度的增加而降低.土壤C、N、P、K浓度与土层深度表现为负相关关系...     

利用家畜粪便有氧发酵生产有机肥的研究

畜禽场粪便污染已日益严重,如何利用这些废弃物资源已成为当务之急.本研究以牛粪和鸡粪为主要原料,经过接种EM活性菌在有氧条件下发酵腐熟,以缩短发酵时间为目的,分别对原料的含水量、原料翻堆次数进行了测定,结果表明:原料含水量在60%～65%,翻堆时间以45min/次为宜.发酵的腐熟度指标变化:(1)原料体积和重量减少1/3～1/2;(2)质感松软,颜色为暗棕黑色,无不良气味;(3)微细颗粒小于0.25mm,符合有机肥生产标准;(4)发酵自然温度稳定下降.