黄羽肉鸡实验性感染火鸡组织滴虫后体内虫体的动态分布

为研究火鸡组织滴虫感染黄羽肉鸡后在其体内的动态分布,本研究将JSYZ-A株虫体通过泄殖腔感染15日龄苏禽黄羽肉鸡,在感染后1d^34d内,每3d迫杀5只感染鸡,采集其不同组织脏器样品,并对样品进行PCR检测。结果显示,火鸡组织滴虫主要靶器官为肝脏和盲肠。感染后4d,感染鸡肝脏和盲肠中检测到虫体特异性基因,感染后13d和16d虫体检出率即达到100%,之后检出率逐渐降低,一直持续到感染后34d还能检测到虫体特异性基因。感染后10d^22d从鸡十二指肠、直肠和脾脏能够检测到虫体特异性基因。感染后13d^19d从鸡腺胃和空肠、心脏均检测到虫体特异性基因。感染后19d从鸡肺脏检测到虫体特异性基因,并且呈现一过性感染。感染鸡的胰腺、脑、肾脏和睾丸组织在整个实验过程中并未检测到虫体DNA。上述结果为临床火鸡组织滴虫致病机理的研究、诊断奠定了基础。     

Nutrient Composition Comparison of Longissimus Dorsi between Diannan Small-ear Pigs and DLY Commercial Pigs

This study was conducted to compare the nutrient composition of longissimus dorsi between Diannan Small-ear pigs and DLY commercial pigs.53 Diannan Small-ear pigs and 58 DLY commercial pigs were chosen and longissimus dorsi samples were collected to determine the content of moisture,crude protein,crude fat,ash,amino acids and fatty acids.The results showed that the moisture content of Diannan Small-ear pigs was extremely significantly lower than DLY commercial pigs (P < 0.01).However,the content of crude protein and crude fat were extremely significantly higher than DLY commercial pigs (P < 0.01).And there was no significant difference in ash content (P > 0.05).The levels of threonine,valine,methionine,isoleucine,leucine,lysine and phenylalanine in longissimus dorsi of Diannan Small-ear pigs were extremely significantly higher than that of DLY commercial pigs (P < 0.01),and the content of myristic acid,palmitic acid,oleic acid,cis different oleic acid,11-cis-20 carbon olefine acid,saturated fatty acids,monounsaturated fatty acids and the total fatty acids in longissimus dorsi of Diannan Small-ear pigs were also extremely significantly higher than that of DLY commercial pigs (P < 0.01).In conclusion,Diannan Small-ear pigs had a better value in nutrient and development.     

猪卵母细胞冷冻保存效果的评判

建立快速、准确、有效的猪卵母细胞冷冻保存效果的判定方法,将有助于促进猪卵母细胞冷冻保存的研究,从而提高猪卵母细胞冷冻保存效果,为哺乳动物配子和胚胎工程方面的研究提供大量优质卵母细胞。作者主要介绍通过形态学观察结果和发育潜力来判定猪卵母细胞冷冻保存效果的一些方法,如检查冷冻解冻后猪卵母细胞形态和超微结构正常情况,或进行体外成熟、体外受精、孤雌激活、显微受精,然后据此对猪的卵母细胞冷冻保存效果进行评判。     

新铁炮百合花芽分化过程的形态学观察

 以新铁炮百合‘雷山’（Lilium formolongi‘Raizan’）为试材,利用石蜡切片和扫描电子显微技术,对百合花芽分化的过程进行了形态学观察。结果表明：‘雷山’低温贮藏期间鳞茎内顶端生长点尚未开始花芽分化,栽植后20～30d花芽分化开始进行,并在栽植后50～60d完成花芽分化,整个花芽分化过程约需40d。其分化进程可分为花芽未分化期、花芽分化初期、花序原基和小花原基分化期、花器官分化期、整个花序形成期五个时期。     

鼠源重组UBC13蛋白对脂多糖诱导的小鼠急性炎症的影响

试验旨在探讨鼠源重组UBC13蛋白对脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导的小鼠急性炎症的影响。将24只SPF雌性小鼠随机分成4组:PBS组,LPS模型组,重组UBC13蛋白高、低剂量组(分别为100和25μg/只),每组6只。LPS模型组与各蛋白剂量组腹腔注射20 mg/kg LPS,PBS组腹腔注射等体积PBS;注射结束1 h后,各蛋白组按相应剂量背部皮下多点注射重组UBC13蛋白,PBS组与LPS模型组注射等体积PBS。给予蛋白24 h后处死小鼠。收集小鼠肺脏、脾脏、胸腺及肝脏组织,计算脏器指数,HE染色观察组织病理学变化,实时荧光定量PCR检测肺脏、脾脏、胸腺和肝脏中IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6 mRNA的相对表达量,以及肺脏中iNOS mRNA的相对表达量,综合评价鼠源重组UBC13蛋白对LPS诱导小鼠急性炎症的影响。结果显示,与PBS组相比,LPS模型组小鼠肺脏、脾脏及肝脏指数均显著或极显著升高(P<0.05;P<0.01),且肺脏、脾脏和肝脏组织均出现病理变化。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,与PBS组相比,LPS模型组肺脏、脾脏、胸腺和肝脏中IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6 mRNA相对表达量均极显著升高(P<0.01),肺脏中iNOS mRNA相对表达量也极显著升高(P<0.01);与LPS模型组相比,UBC13蛋白高剂量组肺脏、脾脏和肝脏中病理变化明显改善,肺脏、肝脏、脾脏中IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6及肺脏中iNOS mRNA表达量均极显著降低(P<0.01);胸腺中TNF-αmRNA表达量显著降低(P<0.05),IL-6 mRNA和IL-1β表达量极显著降低(P<0.01)。表明鼠源重组UBC13蛋白可下调炎性因子的表达,从而改善LPS诱导的小鼠急性炎症反应。     

我国古代苜蓿物种考述

由于最早记载苜蓿的典籍没有明示其是紫花还是黄花,导致对我国古代苜蓿物种认识上存在分歧,目前大致有5种观点:一是古代苜蓿专指紫花苜蓿;二是南苜蓿;三是紫苜蓿与南苜蓿的合称;四是黄花苜蓿;五是不确定。本研究应用植物考据学原理,通过收集整理记载苜蓿植物生物学的典籍,结合近现代研究成果,考证苜蓿物种。研究表明,汉代从大宛国传入我国的苜蓿与紫花苜蓿的起源地相一致,并且唐代韩鄂《四时纂要》明确记载了苜蓿开紫花,主要分布在黄河流域,这与我国汉代苜蓿最初引种地相一致,在之后也有不少典籍同样记述了苜蓿开紫花,乃至苜蓿的生态生物学特性。可以确定,我国汉代引入的苜蓿应该是开紫花的苜蓿,即紫花苜蓿。宋梅尧臣和明李时珍记述的开黄花的苜蓿,至少说明在宋代和明代开黄花的苜蓿就在我国存在和被利用。据清《植物名实图考》记载,在古代我国有3种苜蓿被利用,即紫花苜蓿、南苜蓿和黄花苜蓿。     

酚酸类物质对苜蓿种子萌发的化感作用研究

为研究酚酸类物质对苜蓿种子萌发的化感效应,采用培养皿滤纸培养法,测定5种不同浓度的酚酸类物质对苜蓿种子发芽率、发芽势、简易活力指数、胚根和胚轴长度及根毛发育的影响。结果表明:香豆素处理对苜蓿种子萌发的影响最为明显,当其浓度增大至500mg/L,种子基本不萌发、表面发黑、腐烂严重。咖啡酸对苜蓿种子活力的影响与香豆素相似,表现出显著抑制效应,但抑制幅度较为平缓,高于0.5mg/L的香豆素处理和高于500mg/L的咖啡酸显著抑制苜蓿胚根生长。高于50mg/L的香豆素和咖啡酸处理对苜蓿种子的发芽率、发芽势、种子简易活力、根毛和胚轴生长均表现出抑制作用,与对照相比差异显著(P0.05)。对羟基苯甲酸对苜蓿种子萌发的化感抑制作用最弱,化感效应综合指数为-0.026,50mg/L的对羟基苯甲酸处理明显促进苜蓿胚根生长。各酚酸类物质对苜蓿种子萌发的化感抑制效应强弱顺序为:香豆素咖啡酸阿魏酸绿原酸对羟基苯甲酸。     

京张生态关系与张家口市贫困问题关联分析

张家口是河北省最为贫困的地区,也是全国范围内贫困县较为集中的地区之一,而且,贫困势态愈演愈烈。在众多的贫困成因中,京张生态关系对张家口贫困影响最为深远。从京张生态关系、张家口市工农业生产发展及资源开发受限、与周边地区的政策反差、京张生态补偿机制的缺失等角度,分析了京张生态关系与张家口贫困的关联关系。     

Identification of a novel miRNA from the ovine ovary by a combinatorial approach of bioinformatics and experiments

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short endogenous, single-stranded, non-coding small RNA molecules, about 19–25 nucleotides in length that regulate gene expression at the translation level and influence many physiological process, such apoptosis, metabolism, signal transduction, and occurrence and development of diseases. In this study, we constructed a library from the ovine luteal phase ovary by using next-generation sequencing technology (Solexa high-throughput sequencing technique) and identified 267 novel miRNAs by bioinformatics. One of the novel miRNAs (ovis_aries_ovary-m0033_3p), which expressed in the sheep ovary and testis, was confirmed by real time PCR and northern blot. Ovis_aries_ovary-m0033_3p was 21 nucleotides in length and located on chromosome 12, and it had 100% similarity to hsa-miR-214-3p, mmu-miR-214-3p, dre-miR-214and ssc-miR-214. Meanwhile, the pre-miRNA was 82 nucleotides in length and had a standard hairpin stem-loop structure. From the consistency of the sequence and structure, we speculated that ovis_aries_ovary-m0033_3p had a function similar to hsa-miR-214-3p, which is involved in the fine regulation of cell survival, embryonic development, breeding activities and resistance to ovarian cancer, so we defined it as oar-miR-214-3p. These experimental results will enrich the miRNA database for ovis aries and provide the basis for researching the regulation mechanism of miRNA in relation to breeding activities of seasonal breeding animals.     

河北省农业龙头企业技术推广现状与存在问题及对策

概述了农业龙头企业技术推广的内涵和意义,结合河北省农业龙头企业技术推广现状,深入剖析其在推广过程中所面临的不足和问题,并在此基础上探索进一步完善和改进的对策.