模拟降雨量对锌在土壤层中的吸附和迁移研究

采用静态吸附过程和动态柱淋洗方法研究了不同模拟降水量下锌在土壤中的吸附和迁移.结果表明:锌在土壤中的吸附平衡时间为24 h.加入不同淋洗剂及调节淋洗剂的pH值(3.8～7.8)能显著影响锌在土壤中的吸附能力,较高pH值具有更强的吸附能力.1/2模拟年降雨量能使1 000 mg添加锌垂直迁移20 cm土壤层.柠檬酸淋洗液在不同pH值下对锌在土壤中的迁移有较好的防止作用.     

不同来源腐殖质的化学组成与结构特征研究

分析了木本泥炭与水稻土和黑土两种土壤、混合物料发酵肥和鸡粪发酵肥两种有机肥共5种样品在腐殖质含量、表面特征、元素组成和官能团结构等方面的差异,以研究木本泥炭对提升土壤有机质(SOM)和改良土壤的潜在作用。结果表明,木本泥炭腐殖质含量最高,可达862.7 g·kg-1,但其腐殖质富里酸(FA)、胡敏酸(HA)和胡敏素(Hu)组分的相对比例与2种有机肥和2种土壤的腐殖质组分存在显著差异,其腐殖质以HA为主,腐殖化程度更高,颗粒更为细小致密。木本泥炭碳含量较高,但氮含量相对较低,导致其腐殖质碳/氮(C/N)比可达100以上,远大于有机肥和土壤。同时,木本泥炭腐殖质缩合度、芳香化度和聚亚甲基化程度更高,分子结构更复杂,难以被微生物分解。然而,木本泥炭腐殖质FA和HA组分仍具有较高的氧化度和羧基含量,表明其含氧官能团还未充分降解。本研究揭示,木本泥炭对提升SOM具有较大的潜力,但在实际施用过程中,应当调节其腐殖质组分至适宜比例,适度降低其颗粒大小和聚亚甲基链,同时添加生物激发剂和保持秸秆还田,以激发微生物快速转化,平衡木本泥炭的分解。     

福建省变性土的性质、形成和肥力

The zonal soils in the south subtropical zone of Fujian are lateritic red soils.A type of dark clayey soils.which was historically defined as lateritic red soils,derived from weathering products of the basalts was indicated by the investigation results to be markedly different from lateritic red soils and could be classified as Typical Hapluderts.They are distributed as complex zones with the lateritic red soils.The vertisols in this region were considered as a type of lithogenic soils and the vertic characteristics delay and inhibit the soils from allitic processes and then formed an independent soil type.The vertisols have higher fertility and better agricultural production characters than the lateritic red soils.The different ways in utilizing and managing these soils according to their properties and fertility are also suggested.     

基于GC—MS的咖啡不易挥发性风味物质研磨逸散性研究

咖啡在研磨过程中易挥发性风味物质大量散失,为探索不易挥发性物质在研磨过程中的变化,将焙炒好的咖啡豆用植物粉碎机粉碎,然后用臼式研磨机按不同时间进行研磨,用正己烷做溶剂进行萃取后,用GC／MS进行图谱扫描,分析咖啡在研磨过程中不易挥发性风味物质的变化。研究结果表明,咖啡在研磨过程中不易挥发性风味物质散失严重,到第9分钟时散失率达13．1％,25min时风味物质散失率达到26．4％。各风味物质的散失活性不同,且对热的反应也不同。     

过渡带地区狗牙根草坪交播早熟禾优良组合筛选

为获得适应过渡带地区四季常绿的优质草坪,采用早熟禾的不同品种,同一品种采用三个播种梯度交播,在已成坪的杂交狗牙根草坪上进行试验.结果表明,不同处理的出苗及苗期生长状况、坪用性状和草坪质量有一定的差异,应用模糊数学综合评判法评定不同处理草坪质量,初步确定,采用早熟禾品种自由2号、交播量为20 g·m2的处理,其综合评判值最高,为0.779 5.     

几种甘蔗蔗糖分分析方法比较

为提高甘蔗育种的选择效率,摸索简便科学的甘蔗蔗糖分分析方法.采用几种甘蔗蔗糖分分析方法,对各方法的相关系数和离差偏差进行分析.结果显示,用一次蒸煮法测定甘蔗蔗糖分得到的结果和常规方法作比较,相关系数达0.99以上,离差偏差0.11左右;用二次推算法测定甘蔗蔗糖分,相关系数在0.99～0.98之间,离差偏差在0.18～0.19之间;用一次推算法测定甘蔗蔗糖分,其相关系数达0.98以上,离差偏差在0.23左右.对不同的试验要求采用不同的分析方法,可提高甘蔗蔗糖分分析效率及育种选择效率.     

基于B/S结构的OLAP技术在项目管理中的研究与实践

联机分析处理(OLAP)是一种用于组织大型商务数据库和支持商务智能的技术。介绍了OLAP技术在科技项目管理中应用的研究与实践,以2001-2009年西部地区经费比例及产出比情况为分析对象,利用OLAP技术在项目管理过程中的实际数据应用分析,为项目管理人员有效制定项目资金计划提供可靠的依据。     

小肾癌MRI诊断与鉴别诊断的研究

目的：回顾性分析直径小于3cm的肾癌的MRI征象,寻找早期肾癌的特点,提高对早期肾细胞癌的认识。方法：分析总结手术病理证实的小肾癌8例,寻找小肾癌的MRI表现特征。结果：小肾癌主要表现为肾脏变形,局部皮质、髓质分界消失,病灶边缘可出现假包膜征。结论：直径小于3cm的小肾癌,病灶信号表现形式多样、复杂,动态增强扫描的表现与其血供有很大的相关性,假包膜的出现对于小肾癌有一定的诊断与鉴别诊断意义。     

Protective effect of C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 3 on vascular endothelium in rats with hyperuricemia

AIM To study whether C1q/tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-related protein 3 （CTRP3）protect vascular endothelium in rats with hyperuricemia and its potential mechanisms. METHODS An animal model of hyperuricemia was established by using male SD rats drinking 10% fructose water （n=10）. The rats drinking normal water served as normal controls （n=10）. After 12 weeks, the rats were given a single injection with Ad-CTRP3 or Ad-GFP. The experiment was ended at 14th day after transfection.The serum levels of uric acid and nitric oxide （NO） were evaluated. The serum contents of TNF-α and interleukin-6 （IL-6） were measured by ELISA. HE staining and TUNEL assay were used to assess the morphological changes of intima and apoptosis of endothelial cells in thoracic aorta, respectively. The mRNA levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase （eNOS）, TNF-α and IL-6 were detected by RT-qPCR. The protein levels of CTRP3 and Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4） were determined by Western blot. RESULTS Compared with normal control group, the rats with hyperuricemia showed lower CTRP3 and higher TLR4 protein levels in the thoracic aorta （P<0.05）. Hyperuricemic rats had higher serum contents of uric acid, TNF-α and IL-6 （P<0.05）. Also, the intima structure disturbance of thoracic aorta, increased apoptotic rate, higher mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-6 as well as lower mRNA levels of eNOS were observed （P<0.05）. By contrast, CTRP3 over-expression decreased TLR4 protein levels, reduced inflammatory cytokines, and obviously improved the morphology and function of thoracic aorta in the rats with hyperuricemia. CONCLUSION CTRP3 protect vascular endothelium in rats with hyperuricemia maybe via down-regulation of TLR4- mediated inflammatory signaling pathway.     

芝麻粕降解菌株的筛选诱变及鉴定

从自然界筛选得到一株能够降解芝麻粕粗蛋白的菌株LQ,对其16S rRNA基因序列进行了测定,构建了分子系统发生树,分析了相关细菌相应序列的同源性。结果表明:菌株LQ的16S rRNA基因序列长度为1 447 bp,与芽孢菌属等细菌的16SrRNA基因序列自然聚类,在检索出的芽孢杆菌序列中,该菌株与解淀粉芽孢杆菌的同源性达99%,为解淀粉芽孢杆菌。对菌株LQ进行紫外诱变,其蛋白酶活力587.3 U/mL。