奶粉加工过程中维生素稳定性的研究

研究了维生素在乳粉加工过程中的稳定性.结果表明,原料奶经过均质、杀菌、浓缩、喷雾干燥后,各维生素的损失率分别为维生素A 97.3%、维生素D 94.7%、维生素E 96.7%、维生素B1 93.1%、维生素B2 90.8%;维生素C 99.5%.     

PCR方法扩增种属特异性片段检测猪源成分

针对猪线粒体基因的保守序列,设计特异性引物,优化反应条件和反应参数,建立了食品和饲料中猪源性成分的PCR检测方法。该方法灵敏、特异,检测低限达0.01%。其推广使用,对于加强食品、饲料的质量控制和监督监管,具有参考价值。     

不同导血水平对夏南牛生长发育的影响

本研究把夏南牛各代次、各年龄段牛与南阳牛之间体重做了比较分析;同时与原保留对比试验组的含夏洛来牛血50%和25%的两组横交牛进行比较,结果表明:新品种牛公牛的0、6、12、18月龄四个年龄段与南阳牛相比,体重差异均为极显著(P<0.01).母牛在O、6、12、18、24、30、36月龄各年龄段与南阳牛相比,体重差异均为极显著(P0.05).     

Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of new Newcastle disease virus isolates from the mainland of China

Seventy-nine velogenic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates were obtained from infected chicken flocks during the outbreaks of Newcastle disease (ND) in various regions of the mainland of China in 2006. The F gene fragment (535 bp, from nt 47 to 581 of the F gene) which codes the main functional region of the F protein was obtained by RT-PCR and sequenced. All sequences obtained in this study have been submitted to GenBank. All the isolates have the motif ¹¹²R-R-Q/R-K/R-R-F¹¹⁷ at the cleavage site of the fusion protein, which is typical of velogenic NDV isolates. For genotyping, a phylogenetic tree based on nucleotides 47–435 of the F gene was constructed, and the 79 isolates could be divided into two genotypes, namely VIId and III. Most of the isolates proved to be of genotype VIId; only two isolates were of genotype III. Genotype VIId NDV has been the predominant pathogen responsible for most Newcastle disease outbreaks in China. The proportion of isolates of genotype VIId NDV shows an increasing trend, according to studies on the molecular epidemiology of NDV in China from 2002 to 2006.     

ORF3 of duck circovirus: a novel protein with apoptotic activity

Duck circovirus (DuCV) is classified in the genus Circovirus of the Circoviridae family. Two major open reading frames (ORFs), encoding the replicase (ORF1/rep) and the capsid protein (ORF2/cap), have been recognized for DuCV. Sequence analysis show that another major conserved ORF (named ORF3) is located in the complementary strand of ORF1/rep of DuCV, and its function remains to be investigated. In this study, the ORF3 of DuCV was expressed in recombinant baculovirus-infected Sf9 cells. By IFA and Western blot analysis, the ORF3 protein was positive for the sera from ducks infected with DuCV. The percentages of apoptotic cells of the Sf9 cells infected with the recombinant baculovirus encoding ORF3 of DuCV were significantly higher than (P<0.05) that of the Sf9 cells infected with wild-type baculovirus at 24, 48 and 72 h postinfection. Based on our knowledge, we deduced that the ORF3 protein of DuCV might play an important role in viral pathogenesis via its apoptotic activity.     

不同品系杜洛克后代商品猪胴体性状的比较分析

为研究不同品系杜洛克作为终端父本对其后代商品猪胴体性状的影响,选取214和108头分别由美系和加系杜洛克公猪配种、出生时间相近(±2 d)和体重相近(35±5 kg)的后代三元商品猪进行育肥饲养,结束饲养后开展屠宰试验,测定背膘厚度、眼肌厚度、瘦肉率和肋骨数.结果显示:加系杜洛克商品后代的背膘厚度、眼肌厚度显著(P<0...     

布鲁氏菌病无疫小区建设与成效

近年来,我国将无疫小区管理理念应用到布鲁氏菌病防控,以养殖场生物安全防控作为切入点,整合优化布鲁氏菌病关键技术措施,结合科学有效的监督管理,全面推动布鲁氏菌病防控工作。本文重点从建设主体、生物安全体系、监测要点等方面介绍了布鲁氏菌病无疫小区建设标准,总结了布鲁氏菌病无疫小区建设对于提升完善养殖场生物安全体系,推进养殖企业从传统防控到生物安全管理、风险管理转型升级,促进产业高质量发展等方面的成效,以期对下一步工作推进提供参考。     

猎豹与虎猫杯状病毒的分离及其超变区基因比较研究

用F81细胞从上海某动物园患口腔溃疡的猎豹和虎的唾液病料中分离获得两株杯状病毒，经形态学、理化学、生物学鉴定和病毒核酸超变区基因RT-PCR扩增与序列测定证明两株病毒均为猫杯状病毒(FCV)，分别命名为FCV/cheetah/Shanghai/02/2002与FCV／tiger/Shanghai／03/2002。人工感染猫可引起体温升高，口腔溃疡，食欲下降等症状。两株病毒的超变区序列520bp长片段问的同源性为99.2％，与国内桂林虎分离株(TFCV9710)的同源性为74．0％，与国外分离株的总体同源性为58．1％，说明不同宿主或同种不同个体间杯状病毒分离株超变区核酸差异十分显著，符合猫杯状病毒的分子生物学特征。     

互花米草生境中人工巢巢捕食研究

为了研究江苏大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区互花米草生境中繁殖鸟巢的被捕食情况及影响捕食的因素,2014年3~6月,在保护区第三核心区鸟类繁殖生境中,使用人工巢及真实鹌鹑蛋进行巢捕食实验的方法进行巢捕食实验,分析不同巢高度、覆盖度、边缘距离、植被密度等因素对鸟巢被捕食的影响。实验共放置520个人工巢,1 040枚卵,使用红外相机对部分人工巢进行监测。结果表明:在江苏大丰麋鹿自然保护区互花米草生境内,人工巢存在较高的被捕食率,共有352巢被捕食,占67.7%,对11个变量进行逻辑斯蒂回归,巢高度、植被均高、主要植被密度、距边缘距离、水平覆盖度、上层垂直覆盖度等6个变量进人最终模型,巢高度、距边缘距离与巢被捕食显著相关。通过红外相机拍摄从102个监测巢中记录到69个捕食事件,68巢黑线姬鼠(Apodemus agrarius)和1巢黑眉锦蛇(Elaphe taeniura)捕食。我们认为互花米草生境中缺乏啮齿类动物的天敌是当地人工巢被捕食的主要原因。     

桑尺蠖越冬幼虫的耐寒性研究

研究了桑尺蠖越冬幼虫的耐寒能力 ,测定了虫体内抗寒物质的组成成分 ,并对其耐寒机理作了初步探讨。结果表明 :越冬幼虫从越冬初期至越冬滞育期 ,4龄幼虫的平均过冷却点从初期的-1 7 2℃下降至滞育期的 -2 4 4℃ ;5龄幼虫的平均过冷却点从 -1 3 4℃下降至 -2 4 8℃。越冬幼虫体内水分、糖元、脂肪含量下降 ,其中以糖元含量下降明显 ;越冬幼虫以“小分子糖—氨基酸—糖蛋白”物质系统形成抗寒基质 ,增强耐寒性。