Use of androgenesis in intersubspecific hybrid rice breeding

Significant differences of callus induction, green plant regeneration and culture efficiency were observed among restorer lines and their hybrids in rice. Average callus induction percentage of F₁, hybrids was about twice that of their parents. Twenty doubled haploid (DH) lines that showed normal fertility with both indica and japonica CMS lines, were selected as widely compatible restorers (WCRs). TG8 derived from CPSLO17/Minghui 63 not only showed normal fertility to both indica and japonica test varieties and CMS lines, but also exhibited superior agronomic traits, in particular short plant, desired plant type, high tillerability, large panicles, good grain quality and resistance to rice blast disease. Strong heterosis for yield was observed in crosses between indica or japonica CMS lines and TG8. TG8 possessed a dominant, widely compatible gene (WCG) that was inherited from the variety CPSLO17. Results confirmed that the anther culture technique is a quick and effective way of developing widely compatible restorers in rice and that it is applicable to the direct use of intersubspecific heterosis with the three-line method.     

抗大肠埃希氏菌粘附素单克隆抗体诊断试剂的研制及其现场初步应用

作者从所研制的抗产肠毒素性大肠埃希氏菌(ETEC)粘附素K_(88)、K_(99)、987P和F_(41)单克隆抗体(以下简称单抗)44株中的7株,建立了检测以上粘附素抗原的单抗诊断试剂,并确定了以4单抗和3单抗夹心ELISA为特征的检测大批量临床样品的诊断方法与程序,对1038例自然发生下痢仔猪粪样ETEC粘附素的检测结果表明,本试验所建立的诊断方法与程序,具有敏感、准确、快速和简便的特点。     

不同种类杀虫剂对斜纹夜蛾的药效评价

通过室内测定和田间药效试验，评价了有机磷、拟除虫菊酯、氨基甲酸酯、昆虫生长调节剂、苯基吡唑类、抗生素及植物性农药等７大类杀虫剂对斜纹夜蛾的效应，结果表明，毒死蜱、保得、万灵及抑太保对斜纹夜蛾具有优良的防效，可作为首选杀虫剂进行交替使用     

水产苗种生产许可制度的实践与探讨

根据新修改的《中华人民共和国渔业法》第十六条规定“水产苗种的生产由县级以上地方人民政府渔业行政主管部门审批。……”国家以法律形式确立了水产苗种生产许可制度。这使地方人民政府渔业行政主管部门，在水产苗种生产管理监督上有法可依。曲阜市为了规范水产苗种生产，于１９９２年制定了《曲阜市水产苗种生产许可证暂行管理办法》，在水产苗种生产管理监督方面进行了有益的尝试，对曲阜市水产养殖业的持续发展发挥了重要作用。 一、建立水产苗种生产许可制度，实行持证生产。 水产苗种是水产养殖业发展的特殊的物质基础。水产苗种的种…     

Comparison of dot blot hybridization, polymerase chain reaction, and virus isolation for detection of bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) in artificially infected bovine semen.

Bovine semen samples spiked with bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) were used to compare dot blot hybridization, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and virus isolation for detection of BHV-1 in bovine semen. The PCR amplification used primers targeting the BHV-1 thymidine kinase gene and a nucleic acid releasing cocktail (GeneReleaser); the PCR product was used as the DNA probe in dot blot hybridization; virus isolation was done in primary bovine fetal testis (BFT) cell cultures. Semen diluted 1:20 in tissue culture medium had the least cytotoxicity and inhibition of viral cytopathic effects in BFT cells, allowing detection of 1 TCID50/100 microL of BHV-1 suspension by virus isolation. The presence of foreign DNA such as bovine sperm DNA or salmon sperm DNA increased the sensitivity of dot blot hybridization in detecting BHV-1, allowing detection of 20,000 TCID50/100 microL of neat semen. The inhibition of PCR amplification of BHV-1 DNA in bovine semen was eliminated by diluting the samples 1:20 in tissue culture medium. The best PCR amplification was obtained when semen was diluted 1:20 and when a reaction buffer of pH 9.0, with 1.0 mM MgCl2 was used. Under these conditions, the PCR followed by ethidium bromide staining of agarose gels could detect 1 TCID20/100 microL of sample, whereas PCR followed by Southern blot hybridization could detect 0.01 TCID50/100 microL of sample.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

湖南省茶树黑刺粉虱寄生蜂调查

在湖南调查茶园黑刺粉虱的寄生蜂,共获5种。其中,长角广腹细蜂Amitus longicornis(?),粉虱长棒蚜小蜂东方型Eretmoeerus serius var orientalis Silvestri,粉虱蚜小蜂TrichaPorus formosus(Gah.)及黄盾粉虱蚜小蜂Encarsia sP.系中国新记录种。另一种为长腹扑虱蚜小蜂Prospaltella ishii Silvestri,系湖南新记录种。本文分别记述了它们的形态、寄主、分布及习性观察结果。     

俄罗斯主要采脂树种——欧洲赤松松脂的化学组成

德国Ｗ．Ｌａｎｇｅ在研究不同地区来源的欧洲赤松松脂的化学组成时，曾按△~３－蒈烯含量不同，将它们分成中欧和南欧地区二类。本文研究俄罗斯境内的欧洲赤松松脂的组成，发现它与同纬度的中欧地区欧洲赤松松脂一样，含有较高数量的△~３－蒈烯。同时发现，在中国境内的欧洲赤松的２个变种──樟子松和长白松松脂中△~３－蒈烯含量也随纬度不同而有明显差别。     

Laboratory diagnosis and disease occurrence in the current African swine fever eradication program in Spain, 1989–1991

The purpose of this study was to determine the rate of decline and geographical distribution by municipality of clinical and subclinical African swine fever (ASF) in the affected areas of Spain. A second aim was to evaluate the performance of diagnostic tests in the Spanish ASF eradication program. Clinical outbreaks were confirmed using both the direct and indirect immunofluorescence test (and if both were negative, by the hemabsorption test). The serological status of swine was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and suspect serum samples were confirmed by the immunoblot assay.

The number of clinical outbreaks (herds) of ASF for 1989, 1990 and 1991 was 170, 347 and 207, respectively. The numbers of municipalities within each affected province experiencing acute outbreaks for the same time periods were 49, 69 and 48, respectively. Serologically diagnosed animals positive for ASF were 1.1% of animals tested in 1989, 0.5% in 1990 and 0.8% in 1991. The corresponding positive predictive values of the standard ELISA test used were 99.0, 97.9 and 98.8, respectively. Similarly, the number of municipalities within each affected province experiencing serologically positive subclinically infected animals was 269, 178 and 147 for each of the years 1989, 1990 and 1991, respectively.