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1. Seventeen 32-week-old White Leghorn laying hens were induced to become deficient in calciferol or in calcium (laying thin or soft shelled eggs) by withdrawing either cholecalciferol (27.5 micrograms/kg diet) or calcium (31 g/kg diet) supplements from the control diet. 2. The metabolic fate and metabolic clearance rate (MCR) of intravenously injected 3H-oestradiol-17 beta were then monitored for 40 min. 3. In both the calciferol and calcium-deficient groups a major oestrogen sulphate pathway was particularly affected, resulting in a decreased conversion of oestradiol-17 beta-3-sulphate to oestradiol-17 alpha-3-sulphate, with a concomitant reduced MCR of oestradiol-17 beta from plasma. 4. The metabolic defect was corrected by feeding the control diet. 5. Because the metabolic defect observed in calciferol deficiency occurred in Ca deficiency in a more severe form, we conclude that the more immediate cause was calcium rather than calciferol deficiency. To our knowledge, this is the first observation of a calcium-deficient effect on oestrogen sulphate metabolism in vivo. 相似文献
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de Almeida Daniel Mageste Marcondes Marcos Inácio Rennó Luciana Navajas Pereira Silva Luiz Henrique Martins Leandro Soares Marquez David Esteban Contreras Castaño Villadiego Faider Alberto Velez Saldarriaga Felipe Franco Julian David Castaño Moreno Deilen Paff Sotelo de Moura Felipe Henrique Paulino Mário Fonseca 《Tropical animal health and production》2019,51(1):79-87
Tropical Animal Health and Production - The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of strategic supplementation in the dry period and dry/rainy transition period on the performance and... 相似文献
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The Importance of Wild Canids in the Epidemiology of Rabies in Northeast Brazil: A Retrospective Study
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R. de A. Cordeiro N. F. H. Duarte B. N. Rolim F. A. Soares Júnior I. C. F. Franco L. L. Ferrer C. P. Almeida B. H. Duarte D. B. de Araújo M. F. G. Rocha R. S. N. Brilhante S. R. Favoretto J. J. C. Sidrim 《Zoonoses and public health》2016,63(6):486-493
Rabies is an endemic disease in Brazil, where it is considered a serious public health problem. Although the number of human and dog‐transmitted cases has declined in recent decades, rabies in wildlife has emerged considerably. Among the sylvatic animals, wild canids have been considered important hosts of the rabies virus. We performed a retrospective study of reported cases of rabies in wild canids and human victims in Ceará state (Northeast Brazil) during 2003 to 2013. Information was provided by governmental laboratories involved in rabies detection and by the Ministry of Health. From January 2003 to December 2013, a total of 11 931 animal samples were examined for rabies. Positivity were detected in 438 samples (3.67%), of which 229 (52.28%) were domestic animals, 105 (23.97%) wild canids and 104 (23.74%) other wild animals (bats, marmosets and raccoons). Approximately 33% of wild canids surveyed (n = 317) were positive for rabies. During the studied period, a total of 1923 attacks on humans by wild canids were registered. Males (n = 1405) were more affected than females (n = 520; 72.98% versus 27.01%), and the median age of all cases was 36.5 years. Injuries to individuals up to 19 years old corresponded to approximately 30% (n = 565) of all cases. Most of the victims lived in rural areas (72.46%; n = 1395), and the majority showed bites (81.13%; n = 1677) or scratches (12.23%; n = 253). Injuries were considered profound (52.1%; n = 1003), superficial (40.91; n = 788) or multiple with severe laceration (6.98%; n = 134). Only 1300 (67.53%) victims were enrolled for the complete rabies post‐exposure prophylaxis scheme. Data from the present study confirm that wild canids are important hosts of rabies virus in northeastern Brazil and jeopardize rabies control in this area. Local authorities should focus their efforts in education of health professionals. In addition, strategies should be formulated to preserve wildlife. 相似文献
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Maria Cristina Ferrarini Nunes Soares Hage Rejane dos Santos Sousa Davi Siqueira Chaves Raduan Hage Francisco Leonardo Costa de Oliveira Mailson Renan Borges Dias Natalia Sato Minami Anna Carolina Mazeto Ercolin Carolina Fortes Cirimbelli Enrico Lippi Ortolani 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2019,48(2):110-116
The purpose of this work was to determine a radiographic standard of normality for lateral and medial ungulae in 3‐year‐old bovine females of the Nellore breed. Twenty‐six cows underwent radiographic exposure of the medial and lateral ungulae of the hindlimbs and forelimbs; abaxioaxial projections were used. The images were analyzed; distances were measured between the dorsal surface of the distal phalanx and the surface of the hoof capsule. The two angles formed, i.e., an angle between the dorsal surface of the distal phalanx and a line parallel to the sole (inner), and an angle between the dorsal surface of the hoof and a line parallel to the sole (outer), were also recorded. The results suggested a standard of normality for the proximal, middle and distal distances of the ungulae of the forelimbs: 0.96 ± 0.12 cm. For the measurement of hindlimbs, except for the distal distances of the side ungulae, the suggested value was 1.02 ± 0.14 cm; for the distal measurement of the lateral ungulae of the hindlimbs, the value was 1.09 ± 0.12 cm. For inner and outer angles, the values were 36.45° ± 4.4° for the medial ungulae of the forelimbs and 42.50° ± 3.8° for other ungulae of the forelimbs and hindlimbs (standard deviations of the values suggested for the angles should be used as variations between different animals, limbs and ungulae; they should not be used between angles of the same ungula). 相似文献
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E.L. Vieira .M.V. Batista A.F. Mustafa R.F.S. Araújo P.C. Soares E.L. Ortolane C.K. Mori 《Livestock Science》2008,114(2-3):354-357
A study was conducted to determine the effects of feeding spineless cactus cladodes on diuresis and urinary electrolyte excretion in goats. Five bucks were used in a 5 × 5 Latin square experiment with 17-day periods. Experimental diets contained (g/kg dry matter (DM) basis) 370, 470, 570, 670, and 770 spineless cactus cladodes. Water consumption from feed and urine output increased linearly (P < 0.05) as the level of cactus cladodes in the diet increased. However, water intake from drinking was low and unaffected by cactus cladode level. Creatinine clearance and urinary Na excretion were similar for all dietary treatments while K excretion decrease linearly (P < 0.05) as the level of cactus cladodes in the diet increased. Feeding cactus cladodes caused diuresis and reduced urinary K excretion in goats. Possible reasons for these effects include water over-consumption from cactus cladodes and high dietary K intake. 相似文献