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41.
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of dietary fibre addition to partially baked and frozen wheat rolls on the glycaemic index (GI). 相似文献
42.
Katarzyna Seidler-?o?ykowskaJan Bocianowski 《Industrial Crops and Products》2012,35(1):140-145
In the experiments done in 2008 and 2009, 23 selected caraway genotypes originating from European botanical gardens (18), cv. “Kończewicki” and our own breeding strains were tested. The obtained results showed that objects of the caraway collection varied in terms of all the tested morphological traits. The plant height ranged from 71.5 cm (Reykjawik) to 107.8 cm (cv. “Kończewicki”). The number of branches on the main stem was from 5.3 (Reykjawik) to 10.0 (Jena). The number of lateral shoots ranged from 9.8 (Reykjawik) to 21.5 (strain 9/10). The leaf length was from 11.9 cm (Lousanne) to 29.1 cm (cv. “Kończewicki”). The number of umbels per plant varied from 91.4 (Reykjawik) to 251.9 (strain 9/10). The fruit yield ranged from 14.2 g (Reykjawik) to 48.5 g (cv. “Kończewicki”). The weight of 1000 seeds was from 1.81 g (Salzburg) to 3.31 g (strain 9/1). The following morphological traits such as the number of umbels per plant, the number of lateral shoots per plant and weight of a thousand seeds had positive effect on fruit yield. The multidimensional analysis of the tested traits compared caraway objects in respect of eight morphological traits and yield simultaneously. These valuation of caraway genotypes will make it possible to choose the appropriate genotypes for further breeding program. 相似文献
43.
Helena Olczak-Woltman Małgorzata Schollenberger Wiesław Mądry Katarzyna Niemirowicz-Szczytt 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2008,122(3):385-393
Increased occurrence of cucumber angular leaf spot, Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans, has caused significant losses in cucumber, Cucumis sativus, yield in Poland in recent years. These losses necessitated evaluation of the level of resistance in cucumber cultivars of
mainly Polish breeding, cultivated in Eastern Europe, and initiation of a breeding programme for resistance to this disease.
Screening for resistance was performed on 84 cucumber accessions under growth chamber conditions using a highly aggressive
strain of P. syringae pv. lachrymans. Most of the screened accessions were either susceptible or displayed intermediate resistance. The screening resulted in
the identification of five F1 hybrid cultivars moderately resistant to angular leaf spot. The identified F1 hybrids were self-pollinated up to the F4 generation. Individuals resistant to angular leaf spot were identified. These individuals can be used as a source of resistance
to angular leaf spot in future breeding efforts. 相似文献
44.
Jadwiga Andrzejewska Katarzyna SadowskaSebastian Mielcarek 《Industrial Crops and Products》2011,33(2):462-468
In the moderate climate of Poland it is recommended that milk thistle (Silybum marianum L. Gaertn.) be grown on fertile soils. The plant, however, develops a strong root system, so a working hypothesis has developed that cultivation can be extended to light soils with periodic water deficits. The aim of the present research was to determine the effects of sowing milk thistle on light soil at different dates and rates on the achene yield and flavonolignan content. This experiment was carried out during 2004-2006 at the Mochelek Experiment Station of the University of Technology and Life Sciences in Bydgoszcz (53°13′ N; 17°51′ E). The average fruit yields were 1.23 t ha−1; those of silymarin were 26.5 kg ha−1. The moisture and thermal conditions during the research years caused the fruit yields to range from 0.55 to 1.68 t ha−1 and silymarin yields from 13.3 to 35.4 kg ha−1. Delaying sowing from early to mid-April increased the plant density and decreased numbers of inflorescences and fruits per inflorescence; as a result, no effect of sowing date on fruit yield was found. Delaying the sowing date increased silymarin content by about 0.4% and its yield by 5.3 kg ha−1. Increasing the sowing rate from 12 to 24 kg ha−1 resulted in a slight (40 kg ha−1) but significant increase in achene yield; however, it did not affect the silymarin content. The average silymarin content in fruits was 2.18%. The ratio of silydianin to silychristin was 1:2.2, and the ratio of silydianin to the sum of silybinin and isosilybinin was 1:3.3. 相似文献
45.
Malgorzata Witeska Piotr Sarnowski Katarzyna Ługowska Ewelina Kowal 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2014,40(1):151-163
The effects of Cd and Cu on embryos and larvae of the ide Leuciscus idus were evaluated. The ide is an European cyprinid fish, natural populations of which tend to decrease. The ide is also used as a bioindicator organism to evaluate water quality. However, sensitivity of ide early developmental stages to heavy metal intoxication is not known. Fish were exposed to Cd or Cu (100 μg/L) during embryonic, larval or both developmental periods. Survival of the embryos, time of hatching, size and quality of newly hatched larvae were evaluated at the end of embryonic period. Correctly developed larvae from the control and Cd or Cu-exposed groups were transferred to clean water, Cd or Cu solutions (100 μg/L) immediately after hatching. Larval development was observed, and the larvae were photographed. Time of yolk sac resorption, onset of active feeding and swim bladder inflation were evaluated, and the measurements were done on body and swim bladder size. The results showed that exposure of embryos to Cd and Cu significantly reduced embryonic survival and increased frequency of body malformations and death in newly hatched larvae and delayed hatching. Exposure to Cd and Cu during larval period reduced larval survival, growth and delayed development (yolk utilization, beginning of active feeding and swim bladder inflation). Cadmium was more toxic to the ide embryos and larvae than copper. Exposures to metals during embryonic period alone caused adverse impact on larval performance even when larval development took place in clean water. However, exposure of embryos to Cu reduced toxic impact of metal on larvae in continuous Cu exposure compared to the non-preexposed fish, but no such an effect occurred in case of Cd exposure. The results show that even a short-term exposure to Cd or Cu during early development of ide may adversely affect recruitment of this species. Among the measured endpoints, quality of newly hatched larvae (frequency of body malformations and larvae dead immediately after hatching) and swim bladder size were the most sensitive to intoxication with both metals. Embryos were more sensitive to Cu intoxication than larvae, while in case of Cd, sensitivity of both stages was similar. 相似文献
46.
Krzysztof Kupren Izabela Trąbska Daniel Żarski Sławomir Krejszeff Katarzyna Palińska-Żarska Dariusz Kucharczyk 《Aquaculture International》2014,22(1):29-39
This study analyzed the morphological development and allometric growth patterns of Lota lota L. (burbot) larvae reared under controlled laboratory conditions. From hatching to day 50, twenty larvae were sampled each [between 1 and 14 days post-hatch (DPH)] or every second day (between 14 and 50 DPH) and measured under a stereoscopic microscope using analytic software. Based on the external morphology, the different stages during early development of burbot were identified: yolk sac larva 0–8 DPH [3.92–4.37 mm total length (TL)]; preflexion larva 9–26 DPH (4.57–12.06 mm TL); flexion larva (between notochord degradation and its replacement with rays) 28–34 DPH (14.00–16.34 mm TL) and postflexion larva/juvenile 36–50 DPH (18.20–29.27 mm TL). Allometric growth patterns of some parameters (e.g., total length, head length, body length, tail length, head depth, body depth, eye diameter) were modeled by a power function and described by the growth coefficient. Organogenesis and changes of body proportions in burbot larvae were more rapid and complex during the yolk sac and preflexion phase of development as larvae developed most of their sensorial, feeding, respiratory and swimming systems and after notochord flexion, when most morphological changes were related to the progressive transformation from pelagic larva to demersal larva/juvenile. 相似文献
47.
48.
Tomasz Hura Bożena Szewczyk-Taranek Katarzyna Hura Krzysztof Nowak Bożena Pawłowska 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2017,228(2):81
The aim of this work was to analyse the response of Rosa rubiginosa to salinity induced by different concentrations of sodium chloride and calcium chloride (0, 25, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mM). Besides salt accumulation and pH changes, other parameters were investigated including photosynthetic activity, leaf water content, the dynamics of necrosis and chlorosis appearance and leaf drying. The study was complemented with microscopic analysis of changes in leaf anatomy. R. rubiginosa was more sensitive to the salinity induced by calcium chloride than by sodium chloride. Plant response to salinity differed depending of the salt concentration. These differences were manifested by higher dynamics of necrosis and chlorosis appearance and leaf drying. CaCl2 showed greater inhibition of the photosynthetic apparatus and photosynthetic activity. Treatment with CaCl2 caused more visible deformation of palisade cells, reduction in their density and overall reduction in leaf thickness. The study demonstrated higher accumulation of CaCl2 in the soil, and thus greater limitations in water availability resulting in reduced leaf water content and quicker drying of leaves as compared with NaCl-treated plants. 相似文献
49.
50.
Katarzyna Slizewska Adriana Nowak Zdzislawa Libudzisz Janusz Blasiak 《Research in veterinary science》2010,89(3):391-395
The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of a probiotic preparation on the genotoxicity of faecal water of broiler chickens fed with a fodder contaminated with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) at 1 or 5 mg per kg. Human blood lymphocytes were exposed to chicken’s faecal water samples and DNA damage was measured using the comet assay. Genotoxicity of faecal water did not depend on the AFB1 concentration in the fodder. The mean DNA damage, measured as the percentage of DNA in the tail of the comets, for chickens fed with fodder with AFB1 at 1 mg/kg was 16.80 ± 0.66, at 5 mg/kg – 16.73 ± 1.51 and in the controls – 12.79 ± 0.66. The supplementation of fodder with the probiotic preparation decreased the extent of DNA damage to 10.02 ± 0.39 for 1 mg/kg AFB1 and to 11.89 ± 0.72 for 5 mg/kg. 相似文献