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91.
Takaharu Itami Hiroko Aida Makoto Asakawa Yoko Fujii Tomoya Iizuka Ayako Imai Toshie Iseri Tomohito Ishizuka Kei Kakishima Masatoshi Kamata Takako Miyabe-Nishiwaki Shotaro Nagahama Kiyokazu Naganobu Ryohei Nishimura Shozo Okano Tadashi Sano Kazuto Yamashita Yoshiki Yamaya Masashi Yanagawa 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(3):461-472
Objective
To explore the major risk factors linking preoperative characteristics and anaesthesia-related death in dogs in referral hospitals in Japan.Study design
Observational cohort study.Animals
From April 1, 2010 to March 31, 2011, 4323 dogs anaesthetized in 18 referral hospitals in Japan.Methods
Questionnaire forms were collated anonymously. Death occurring within 48 hours after extubation was considered as an anaesthesia-related death. Patient outcome (alive or dead) was set as the outcome variable. Preoperative general physical characteristics, complete blood cell counts, serum biochemical examinations and intraoperative complications were set as explanatory variables. The risk factors for anaesthesia-related death were evaluated using chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, followed by multivariable logistic regression analysis of the data. Significance was set at p < 0.05.Results
Thirteen dogs that died from surgical error or euthanasia were excluded from statistical analysis. The total mortality rate in this study was 0.65% [28/4310 dogs; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.41–0.89]. Furthermore, 75% (95% CI, 55.1–89.3) of anaesthesia-related deaths occurred in dogs with pre-existing diseases. Most of the deaths occurred postoperatively (23/28; 82.1%; 95% CI, 63.1–93.9). Preoperative serum glucose concentration <77 mg dL–1 (6/46; 13.0%; 95% CI, 4.9–26.3), disturbance of consciousness (6/50; 12.0%; 95% CI, 4.5–24.3), white cell count >15,200 μL–1 (16/499; 3.4%; 95% CI, 1.9–5.5) and American Society of Anesthesiologists grade III–V (19/1092; 1.7%; 95% CI, 1.1–2.7) were identified as risk factors for anaesthesia-related death. Intraoperative hypoxaemia (8/34; 23.5%; 95% CI, 10.7–41.2) and tachycardia (4/148; 2.7%; 95% CI, 0.7–6.8) were also risk factors for anaesthesia-related death.Conclusions and clinical relevance
The results revealed that certain preoperative characteristics were associated with increased odds of anaesthesia-related death, specifically low serum glucose concentration and disturbances of consciousness. Greater attention to correcting preanaesthetic patient abnormalities may reduce the risk of anaesthesia-related death. 相似文献92.
Photodynamic detection of canine mammary gland tumours after oral administration of 5‐aminolevulinic acid
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T. Osaki I. Yokoe S. Ogura K. Takahashi K. Murakami K Inoue M. Ishizuka T. Tanaka L. Li A. Sugiyama K. Azuma Y. Murahata T. Tsuka N. Ito T. Imagawa Y. Okamoto 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2017,15(3):731-739
5‐Aminolevulinic acid (5‐ALA) is widely used in photodynamic detection (PDD) and therapy. We evaluated the pharmacokinetics of 5‐ALA‐induced porphyrins and its effectiveness in PDD in dogs with mammary gland tumours (MGTs) following oral administration. Healthy dogs and those with MGTs (nine each) were orally administered 4 mg kg?1 5‐ALA. Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) was not detected in the plasma of healthy dogs but it peaked in dogs with MGT at 2 h after 5‐ALA administration. In the PDD study, 16 dogs with MGT were orally administered 40 mg kg?1 5‐ALA, and MGT but not normal tissue showed red fluorescence after 2–4 h. Photon counts were 6635–63 890 and 59–4011 (median, 19 943 and 919) for MGT and non‐tumour tissues, respectively. Cell density strongly correlated with PpIX photon counts of MGT tissue of the dogs (R = 0.743, P = 0.0009). We suggest that 5‐ALA‐PDD might be an effective diagnostic tool for MGTs. 相似文献
93.
Kazuyuki D. TanakaYusuke K. Kawai Yoshinori IkenakaTsunehito Harunari Tsutomu TanikawaShima Ando Hee won MinFumie Okajima Shoichi FujitaMayumi Ishizuka 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2012,103(2):144-151
Warfarin is commonly used worldwide as a rodenticide. It inhibits blood coagulation by inhibiting vitamin K 2,3-epoxide reductase (VKOR) activity leading to hemorrhage. However, it has been reported that repeated or long-term treatment with warfarin results in resistance emerging in wild rodents. Such resistance may explain why it is difficult to control rodents in many regions in Japan. In this report, we studied mutations in the VKOR gene (including the VKOR complex subunit 1 (VKORC1)), while also analyzing VKOR and clotting factor activity in black rats (Rattus rattus) in order to understand better the mechanism of warfarin resistance in this species.We sequenced the VKORC1 gene from 275 rats living in the wild in Japan. We found several types of novel base substitutions, some of which conferred warfarin resistance.There was no difference in coagulation times between warfarin-sensitive and resistant rats measured under physiological conditions. However, after warfarin administration, no effect was noted in warfarin-resistant rats, although a prolonged coagulation time was noted in warfarin-sensitive rats.We also determined the kinetic differences in hepatic microsomal VKOR-dependent activity between warfarin-resistant and sensitive rats. Warfarin-resistant rats showed 2-3-fold lower Vmax/Km values than did sensitive rats. In addition, we report that resistant rats found in the Tokyo area had a VKOR activity which was poorly inhibited by warfarin.Finally, we conclude that reduced VKOR activity and warfarin resistance in the Japanese black rat might be due to mutations in the VKORC1 gene. However, further study is needed to clarify how such rats can maintain adequate vitamin K-dependent clotting factor levels, while simultaneously exhibiting low VKOR activity and warfarin resistance. 相似文献
94.
T Okagawa S Konnai H Mekata N Githaka S Suzuki E Kariuki F Gakuya E Kanduma T Shirai R Ikebuchi Y Ikenaka M Ishizuka S Murata K Ohashi 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2012,148(3-4):373-379
Theileria parva (T. parva) causes East Coast fever (ECF), which is of huge economic importance to Eastern and Southern African countries. In a previous bovine model, inflammatory cytokines were closely associated with disease progression in animals experimentally infected with T. parva. The African Cape buffalo (Syncerus caffer), the natural reservoir for T. parva, is completely resistant to ECF despite a persistently high parasitaemia following infection with T. parva. Characterizing basic immunological interactions in the host is critical to understanding the mechanism underlying disease resistance in the African Cape buffalo. In this study, the expression level of several cytokines was analyzed in T. parva-infected buffaloes. There were no significant differences in the expression profiles of inflammatory cytokines between the infected and uninfected animals despite a remarkably high parasitaemia in the former. However, the expression level of IL-10 was significantly upregulated in the infected animals. These results indicate a correlation between diminished inflammatory cytokines response and disease resistance in the buffalo. 相似文献
95.
Isolation of genes showing increased expression during bovine adipocyte differentiation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Tadashi YAMASAKI Miho INOUE-MURAYAMA Koji TAHARA Shoichi TAKANO Akinori SUGIYAMA Tomohito ITOH Akiko TAKASUGA Yoshikazu SUGIMOTO Michael T. ROZE Hisashi ASO Shin'ichi ITO 《Animal Science Journal》2005,76(5):479-489
The adipocyte is important not only for the storage of excess energy as fat, but also for the secretion of homeostatic factors. Gene expression profiles during adipocyte differentiation have been reported previously for mouse 3T3‐L1 cells. However, the profiles of adipogenic gene expression in mice and cattle may be different because several metabolic pathways of the ruminant adipose tissue are different from those of non‐ruminants. The gene expression profile in a clonal bovine intramuscular preadipocyte cell line during adipogenesis was examined using the polymerase chain reaction‐subtraction method. Six hundred and twenty‐one clones, which were expressed at an early stage of differentiation, from the preadipocyte to adipocyte, were isolated and characterized. Further detailed studies were carried out for 86 selected genes using northern blotting. Ten genes were found to be highly expressed after differentiation of bovine intramuscular preadipocyte cells. In particular, the expression profiles of genes for stearoyl CoA desaturase and FK506 binding protein were quite different from the time course of differentiation of that seen in the 3T3‐L1 cells reported previously. In addition, these genes were assigned to bovine chromosomes using a bovine/hamster somatic cell hybrid panel and public database. 相似文献
96.
97.
Kariwa H Noda H Nakauchi M Ishizuka M Hashiguchi K Hashimoto S Yoshii K Asano A Agui T Kogaki H Kurano Y Uchida Y Fujii N Okada M Takashima I 《The Japanese journal of veterinary research》2008,55(4):115-127
The sudden emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) at the end of 2002 resulted in 774 reported deaths from more than 8000 cases worldwide. As no effective vaccines or antiviral agents are available, the most effective measure to prevent the expansion of a SARS epidemic is the rapid diagnosis and isolation of SARS patients. To establish specific diagnostic methods, we generated nine clones of monoclonal antibodies to nucleocapsid protein (NP) of SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV). On immunofluorescent antibody assay and Western blotting analysis, none of the monoclonal antibodies showed cross-reactivity to authentic and recombinant NPs of human coronavirus (HCoV) 229E strain. To determine the region on the NP molecule where the monoclonal antibodies bind, we generated four truncated recombinant NPs and analyzed the reactivity between monoclonal antibodies and truncated NPs. Two monoclonal antibodies reacted with a truncated NP covering from amino acid residues 111 to 230, and seven reacted with another truncated NP covering from amino acid residues 221 to 340. Epitope mapping analysis indicated that monoclonal antibody SN5-25 recognized the amino acid sequence Q(245)TVTKK(250) On SARS-NP. Within the epitope, Q245, T246, V247, K249, and K250 appeared to form an essential motif for monoclonal antibody SN5-25 to bind. The information about binding sites and epitopes of monoclonal antibodies may be useful for the development of new diagnostic methods for SARS and for analyzing the function of N protein of SARS-CoV. 相似文献
98.
99.
Mitsuo Higuchi Shoichi Nohno Mitsuhiro Morita Shin-ichiro Tohmura 《Journal of Wood Science》1999,45(4):306-312
The reaction course of the sodium hydroxidecatalyzed hydroxymethylation of phenol was analyzed by use of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the rate constants for the seven reactions taking place consecutively and competitively were evaluated by means of a computer simulation technique. Calibration was done at the quantification of the six phenolic monomers from the peak areas in the HPLC chromatogram, taking the differences in molar ultraviolet absorption intensities of the six compounds into account. The values of the energies of activation for the seven reactions obtained differed greatly from those reported by Eapen and Yeddanapalli. Simulation experiments carried out by use of the newly obtained rate parameters showed that the amounts of phenol left unreacted and 2,4,6-trihydroxymethylphenol in the final reaction product increased as the reaction temperature was increased and the alkali/phenol molar ratio decreased. These phenomena can be attributed to the differences in the energies of activation for the seven reactions and differences in the acid strengths of the six phenolic monomers.Part of this paper was presented at the 48th annual meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Shizuoka, April 1998 and at the 1998 annual meeting of the Forest Products Society, Merida, Mexico, June 1998 相似文献
100.
Kazuo Oki Masaru Mizoguchi Kosuke Noborio Koshi Yoshida Kazutoshi Osawa Shoichi Mitsuishi Tetsu Ito 《Computers and Electronics in Agriculture》2011,79(1):30-35
In this study, accuracy comparisons of the cabbage coverage estimated from AVNIR-2 and QuickBird imagery using an unmixing method were carried out to increase the amount of remote sensing data obtained at different levels of spatial resolution on different observation days. The accuracy rates of the cabbage coverage estimated using an unmixing method from AVNIR-2 and QuickBird imagery were almost the same. This result is very interesting, because it shows that we may be able to evaluate cabbage coverage using remote sensing data obtained at different spatial resolutions on different observation days. Thus, it would be possible to use different remote sensing imagery systems to evaluate cabbage conditions during the growing period using this proposed method. 相似文献