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排序方式: 共有136条查询结果,搜索用时 598 毫秒
61.
The phenomenon of hydraulic fracturing is considered to be one of the causes of leakage in fill-type dams. In recent years, it has been found that an estimate of the fracture toughness of a given type of soil could be used as an indicator of the soils resistance to hydraulic fracturing. One of the problems encountered in its estimation is the assumption that fracture toughness has been theoretically defined for samples of infinite sizes. In this study, laboratory tests were conducted to determine the fracture toughness of samples (of the same size) prepared with initial cracks of various lengths. The main objective was to investigate the relationship of the initial crack length to fracture toughness. The stress distribution around the crack tip for each laboratory test sample was estimated by FEM analysis and by a theoretical equation. These analytical results corresponded reasonably well to results from laboratory tests to determine the appropriate length of the initial crack for the test specimens. 相似文献
62.
Yosuke Kikuchi Satomi Nozaki Miki Makita Shoji Yokozuka Shin-ichi Fukudome Takashi Yanagisawa Seiichiro Aoe 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2018,73(3):161-165
Metabolic syndrome is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and has become increasingly common in Japan. Epidemiological studies show inverse associations between intake of whole wheat grains and metabolic syndrome, but few dietary intervention trials have investigated the effect of whole wheat grain consumption. It was investigated whether a diet in which refined wheat bread (RW diet) was substituted by whole grain wheat bread (WW diet) would reduce visceral fat obesity in Japanese subjects. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled intervention study was conducted in 50 Japanese subjects with body mass index (BMI)?≥?23 kg/m2. Subjects were randomly assigned WW (WW group) or RW diets (RW group) for 12 weeks. Blood samples and computed tomography scans were obtained every 6th week. The WW group showed decrease (?4 cm2) in visceral fat area (VFA) (p <?0.05), whereas the RW group showed no significant changes. These time-dependent changes were significantly different between the groups. WW diet led to significant and safe reductions in VFA in subjects with BMI?≥?23 kg/m2. WW diet may contribute to preventing visceral fat obesity. 相似文献
63.
Wulansari R Wijaya A Ano H Horii Y Nasu T Yamane S Makimura S 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2003,39(6):558-562
This report examines the effectiveness of clindamycin for the treatment of babesiosis in dogs (n=10) experimentally infected with Babesia gibsoni (B. gibsoni). Clindamycin (25 mg/kg body weight, per os, q 12 hours for 14 days) gradually reduced parasitemia levels and induced morphological changes that indicated degeneration of parasites (e.g., segmentation; size reduction; localization in the cell limbic and/or torn state of the nucleus; and swelling, decrease, or disappearance of the cytoplasm) in the majority of dogs. Clindamycin treatment reduced the clinical symptoms characteristic of Babesia infection, including anemia, anorexia, and listlessness. Clindamycin might be useful as a medicine for treatment of B. gibsoni infection. 相似文献
64.
Toru?KondoEmail author Dong-Kyoon?Kang Shin-ichi?Fuji Moo-Ung?Chang 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2003,69(6):397-399
Sixteen isolates of Chinese yam necrotic mosaic virus (ChYNMV) were collected from nine sites in Japan and one site in Korea, and 1098 nucleotides of the 3-terminal of the genome were sequenced. Identity of the coat protein gene was 95.5%–99.7% among the isolates. Substitution in the deduced amino acids of the coat protein ranged from 0 to 7, mainly in the N-terminal region. The 3-untranslated region consisted of 231 nucleotides, which had 96.5%–100% nucleotide identity among the isolates. Sequence diversity was considerably less in ChYNMV than in Yam mosaic virus or Japanese yam mosaic virus. 相似文献
65.
LI Lin-hao WU Li-jun TASHIRO Shin-ichi ONODERA Satoshi UCHIUMI Fumiaki IKEJIMA Takashi 《园艺学报》2005,21(10):1873-1878
AIM: To search for the active compound from Chinese herbal medicine which could inhibit ultraviolet (UV) irradiation-induced apoptosis in human malignant cells (A375-S2 cell). METHODS: MTT, photomicroscopical observation, DNA agarose gel electrophoresis, LDH release and Western blot analysis were used. Caspase activation was detected by using caspase apoptosis detection kit. RESULTS: Treatment with silymarin (500 μmol/L) for 12 h significantly inhibited UV irradiation (2.4 J/cm2, 5 min)-induced apoptosis in A375-S2 cells. Activities of caspase-9 and caspase-3 in UV-irradiated A375-S2 cells were effectively reduced by silymarin in a dose-dependent manner, while protein expressions of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL (Bcl-2 family member) were increased simultaneously. CONCLUSION: Silymarin prevents UV irradiation-induced A375-S2 cell apoptosis through blockage of caspase pathway after protein expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. 相似文献
66.
Hiromitsu Furuya Keisuke Tubaki Tsutomu Matsumoto Shin-ichi Fuji Hideki Naito 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2005,71(5):333-339
Soil samples were collected from rice paddies at 22 locations in northeastern Honshu, Japan. In 20 of the samples, seedling growth of rice was improved by soil pasteurization (aerated steaming at 60°C for 30 min), although no typical disease symptoms were observed in the seedlings grown in the untreated soil samples. In most locations, rice seedlings grew better in a potting medium containing root material from plants grown in the pasteurized portion of a soil sample than in a medium with root material from plants grown in the unpasteurized portion of the same sample. The results suggest that microorganisms that restrained rice seedling growth may be common in the soils of rice paddies. Approximately 800 isolates were obtained from seedling roots grown in unpasteurized soils and grouped by cultural and microscopic morphologies. The deleterious effects of 79 isolates from 21 major groups, most of which were soil-dwelling taxa, were examined after direct inoculation of the seminal roots. Isolates of Curvularia sp., Cirrenalia sp., Eppicoccum nigrum, Fusarium graminearum, F. oxysporum, Gliocladium virens, Humicola sp., Penicillium sp., Rhizoctonia oryzae-sativae, Sclerotium hydrophilum, Trichoderma aureoviride, and T. harzianum inhibited root growth, suggesting that deleterious root-infecting fungi were more common in paddy soil than previously thought. These fungi may be involved in the restraint of rice seedling growth. 相似文献
67.
Tsutomu Matsumoto Hideki Yamamoto Shin-ichi Fuji Masayasu Inoue 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2007,73(3):222-224
A novel potyvirus, tentatively named Ornithogalum virus 2 (OV-2) because only its nucleotide sequence of the coat protein gene has been revealed, was isolated for the first
time from Ornithogalum thyrsoides. OV-2 had a flexuous particle (700–740 nm in length) and was sap and aphid transmissible. The virus had a narrow host range;
of 36 test plants in 12 families, only O. thyrsoides and O. dubium were infected. Because the virus caused characteristic stripe mosaic on O. thyrsoides, we propose Ornithogalum stripe mosaic virus (OrSMV), instead of OV-2 for the proper name of the virus.
The nucleotide sequence data reported is available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under accession number AB271783. 相似文献
68.
Shin-ichi Fuji Nanae Mochizuki Masashi Fujinaga Makoto Ikeda Kouichi Shinoda Seiji Uematsu Hiromitsu Furuya Hideki Naito Fumiyoshi Fukumoto 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2007,73(3):216-221
Alstroemeria plants were surveyed for viruses in Japan from 2002 to 2004. Seventy-two Alstroemeria plants were collected from Aichi, Nagano, and Hokkaido prefectures and 54.2% were infected with some species of virus. The
predominant virus was Alstroemeria mosaic virus, followed by Tomato spotted wilt virus, Youcai mosaic virus (YoMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Alstroemeria virus X and Broad bean wilt virus-2 (BBWV-2). On the basis of nucleotide sequence of the coat protein genes, all four CMV isolates belong to subgroup IA. CMV
isolates induced mosaic and/or necrosis on Alstroemeria. YoMV and BBWV-2 were newly identified by traits such as host range, particle morphology, and nucleotide sequence as viruses
infecting Alstroemeria. A BBWV-2 isolate also induced mosaic symptoms on Alstroemeria seedlings. 相似文献
69.
Sayoko SUZUKI Shin-ichi ISHIKAWA Keizo ARIHARA Makoto ITOH 《Animal Science Journal》2007,78(3):293-300
The composition of the molecular species of triacylglycerols (TG) in subcutaneous fat biopsied from Japanese Black steers was studied during the fattening period. An analysis of the fatty acid (FA) composition of the TG showed that palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic and oleic acids were the major FA, together accounting for over 80% of the total FA. The concentrations of C14:0, C16:0 and C18:0 decreased between 10 and 30 months of age, while those of C16:1 c9 and C18:1 c9 increased during the fattening period. The major molecular species among more than 40 compounds were palmitoyl‐dioleoyl‐glycerol (POO) and dipalmitoyl‐oleoyl‐glycerol (PPO). POO showed the highest concentration during the fattening period. The levels of palmitoyl‐oleoyl‐linoleoyl glycerol and some tentatively identified molecular species increased during the fattening period, while the levels of tripalmitoyl, dipalmitoyl‐stearoyl‐glycerol, palmitoyl‐distearoyl and palmitoyl‐stearoyl‐oleoyl‐glycerol decreased with growth. A comparison of the experimental values of TG molecular species with theoretical values derived from the experimental FA contents showed that the FA distribution in TG was non‐random. TG synthesis favors the formation of TG molecular species containing at least one C16 FA, rather than three C18 FA. 相似文献
70.
Shin-ichi Ito Takashi Kawaguchi Ayumi Nagata Hideyuki Tamura Hanako Matsushita Hiroyuki Takahara Shuhei Tanaka Tsuyoshi Ikeda 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2004,70(4):195-201
The antifungal glycoalkaloid -tomatine accumulates in tomato plants and may protect plants from fungal infection. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, the causal agent of vascular wilt of tomato, produces a tomatinase (FoToml) that degrades -tomatine to the nontoxic compounds tetrasaccharide lycotetraose and tomatidine. Induction of tomatinases and the distribution of FoToml homologs were examined among 30 strains belonging to 16 formae speciales of F. oxysporum. Tomatinase activity was found in 27 strains belonging to 15 formae speciales, but FoToml homologs (>98% sequence identity) were detected in only six strains belonging to four formae speciales. To identify tomatinases other than FoToml, -tomatine-inducible proteins of another tomato pathogen F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. A protein with a molecular mass of 64kDa accumulated in the -tomatine-induced culture filtrates, and the protein had tomatinase activity, degrading -tomatine to lycotetraose and tomatidine. 相似文献