抗虫棉主要病虫发生特点及综合治理措施

2002年以来,随着抗虫棉的大面积应用,宿松县棉花主要病虫为害发生了较大变化。针对抗虫棉主要病虫发生特点,进行综合治理,对棉花生产可持续发展具有深远意义。     

矿物肥料种类及其开发应用

矿物肥料是肥料工业的重要组成部分,是发展生态农业必不可少的新型农肥矿产资源。笔者对矿物肥料进行了类型划分,同时对一些应用较为普遍的矿物肥料资源(如沸石,膨润土,海泡石,蛭石,海绿石,硅藻土,等)的品种特征及应用现状作了介绍。     

2004年南方优质中稻新品种引种试验初报

引进了南方各省科研单位选育的Ⅱ优42等11个中稻新品种(组合)进行试验,通过试验,筛选出金科籼杂7号、Ⅱ优42、粤优948、Ⅱ优196、富优1号等一批在福建省种植表现较好的中稻新品种(组合),其中粤优948等品种(组合)不但高产稳产,而且米质优,抗性强,福建省可加大引进试验力度.     

桑椹菌核病的发生规律及其防治方法

桑椹菌核病的病原为柔膜菌目的真菌,病原真菌孢子在桑树开花期间侵入雌花引起初次侵染,病原菌以菌核在土壤中越冬.采取物理方法和化学方法相结合可有效控制该病的发生.     

输卵管妊娠三种保守疗法对患侧再通和再孕关系的探讨

目的：探讨输卵管妊娠3种保守疗法对患侧再通和再孕的关系。方法：对经治疗后随访3a的138例输卵管妊娠患者作分析。138例按治疗方法分3组．腹腔镜组（n=48开腹组（n=70）．药物组（n=20）。结果：患侧输卵管再通率：腹腔镜组为70．8％,开腹组为62．8％．药物组为25．0％（腹腔镜组vs开腹组P〉0．05;腹腔镜组和开腹组vs药物组P〈0．01）。宫内再孕率：腹腔镜组为62．5％．开腹组为54．3％．药物组为0．0％。（腹腔镜vs开腹组P〉0．05;腹腔镜和开腹组vs药物组,P〈0．01）。结论：输卵管妊娠行保守的腹腔镜手术和开腹手术的患侧的再通率和宫内再孕率显著高于药物保守疗法．但行保守的腹腔镜手术和开腹手术两者之间的患侧再通率和宫内再孕率差异无显著性（P〉0．05）．治疗后的妊娠率与治疗方式及对侧输卵管是否受损有关;保守输卵管复通术能替代输卵管切除术。     

江汉平原杨树人工林的施肥方式

对江汉平原新造杨树人工林进行了连续3a的施肥方式研究。试验共设不施肥,3月份一次四点穴施,6月份一次四点穴施,3、6月份各半四点穴施(深25cm),3、6、8月份各1／3四点穴施,3、6月份各半圈施,3、6月份各半四点穴施(深50cm)等7个处理。试验结束时调查各处理杨树株高、胸径,并计算材积量。结果表明：每年6月一次四点穴施对杨树树高、胸径和材积生长的促进作用最明显,其它方式效果一般,而3月份一次性施肥效果最差,且与不施肥间无明显差异。     

不同老化方法对生物炭表面特征及镉吸附能力的影响

为明确不同自然环境过程（氧化还原、降雨、光照）对生物炭的老化作用及其对重金属吸附能力的影响,该研究以不同温度（200、500 °C）和气氛（O₂、N₂）热解的小麦秸秆生物炭为研究对象,采用化学氧化、干湿交替、紫外光照氧化3种人工老化方法模拟生物炭在自然环境中的老化过程,并分析老化作用对生物炭理化性质及镉（Cd）吸附能力的影响。结果表明：与初始生物炭相比,老化作用使生物炭表面破碎,孔隙结构增多,提高了生物炭比表面积。干湿交替老化使低温生物炭的比表面积增大0.85倍,而经过化学氧化后的低温生物炭、高温生物炭比表面积分别增大8.81、0.37倍。老化过程使生物炭的官能团种类减少,且含氧官能团数量发生不同程度的变化,其中化学氧化使羧基、内酯基等含氧官能团增多,而干湿交替及紫外光照老化主要引起含氧官能团数量的减少。此外,热重分析结果表明化学氧化使低温生物炭热稳定性降低,而所有老化后的高温生物炭热稳定性均增强。化学氧化、紫外光照、干湿交替3种老化处理均可提高两种生物炭的吸附能力,Cd²⁺吸附量分别提高498.95%~799.36%、436.10%~768.43%、35.53%~128.10%。因此,生物炭实际应用时需综合考虑其环境过程、特性变化以及目标污染物种类,以促进生物炭环境应用的长远发展。     

Experimental transmission of an unnamed bovine Babesia by Hyalomma spp., Haemaphysalis longicornis and Boophilus microplus

Experiments were undertaken to determine the mode of transmission to cattle of an unnamed Babesia sp. by Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum, Hyalomma detritum, Hy. rufipes koch, Haemaphysalis longicornis and Boophilus microplus. The unnamed Babesia species designated Babesia U sp. was isolated by infesting cattle with nymphs from female Hy. a. anatolicum ticks collected from Xinjiang province. Adults of laboratory reared Hy. a. anatolicum, Hy. detritum and Hy. rufipes koch were infected with Babesia U sp. by feeding on infected cattle, isolated with nymphal ticks of Hy. a. anatolicum derived from females collected from field. The experiments revealed that Hy. a. anatolicum was capable of transmitting Babesia U sp. transovarially in larval (2 of 4 calves), nymphal (6 of 6 calves) and adult (3 of 8 calves) stages, with prepatent periods of 16, 12, and 8 days, respectively, and that this Babesia was also transovarially transmitted by both the nymphal and adult stages of Hy. detritum and Hy. rufipes. Attempts to transmit this Babesia U sp. transovarially with Hae. longicornis and B. microplus, and transstadially with Hyalomma spp., were carried out, and the results proved to be negative.     

Experiments on transmission of an unidentified Theileria sp. to small ruminants with Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis and Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum

Experiments on the transmission of an unidentified Theileria sp. infective for small ruminants by Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis and Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum were carried out. Three Theileria-free batches of adult, larvae, and nymphs of laboratory reared H. qinghaiensis and Hy. a. anatolicum ticks were infected by feeding them on sheep infected with Theileria sp. The Theileria sp. was originally isolated from adult ticks of H. qinghaiensis, by inoculation of blood stabilates or tick transmission. H. qinghaiensis has been shown to be capable of transmitting the Theileria sp. infective for small ruminants transstadially to sheep and goats. The nymphs developed from the larvae engorged on the sheep infected with the parasite transmitted the pathogen to splenectomized sheep with prepatent periods of 30, 31 days, respectively; but the subsequent adult ticks of H. qinghaiensis derived from the nymphs did not transmit the pathogen to sheep. However, adults developed from the nymphs engorged on the sheep infected with the parasite transmitted the pathogen to sheep with prepatent periods of 24-27 days. The larvae, nymphs and adult ticks derived from female H. qinghaiensis ticks engorged on infected sheep were not able to transmit the parasite transovarially. The same experiments were done with Hy. a. anatolicum, but examination for presence of piroplasma of Theileria sp. from all animals were negative, demonstrating that Hy. a. anatolicum could not transmit the organism to sheep or goats.     

牛奶体细胞评分、胎次、季节与产奶量及乳成分相关性分析

为研究黑龙江地区牛奶体细胞评分、产奶量、乳成分间的关系以及体细胞评分所造成的损失.收集了黑龙江某奶牛场2017～2019年成年荷斯坦奶牛的生产性能测定记录.收集数据录入EXCEL后,剔除不符合标准的数据.之后利用SPSS 26软件对奶牛胎次、产奶季节、体细胞评分、产奶量、乳成分进行显著性以及相关性分析.分析结果表明,奶...