家蚕微粒子病的PCR诊断技术研究

在ＤＮＡ水平上，以聚合酶链反应（ＰｏｌｙｍｅｒａｓｅＣｈａｉｎＲｅａｃｔｏｎ，ＰＣＲ）技术检测家蚕微孢子虫的结果。设计、合成了两对引物，其中引物Ⅰ是针对家蚕微泡子虫（ＮｏｓｅｍａｂｏｍｂｙｃｉｓＮ．ｂ．）引物Ⅱ是针对变形孢子虫（ＶａｉｒｉｍｏｒｐｈａｎｅｃａｔｒｉｘＶ．ｎ，）的。用这两对引物分别对“桑尺蠖微孢子虫”孢子ＤＮＡ和Ｎ．ｂ．（镇江株）的纯孢子及其感染的幼虫、蛹及蛾的ＤＮＡ进行ＰＣＲ扩增，均获得预期的阳性条带；对不同引物扩增的产物进行了ＤＮＡ序列分析。初步认为引物Ⅰ可作为家蚕微孢子虫Ｎ．ｂ．特异性较高的检测引物，而引物１是微孢子虫共有的检测引物。进一步讨论了对家蚕微孢子的检测及分类上的问题。     

奶牛疣状毛癣菌的分离鉴定及其耐药性分析

为了解奶牛皮肤真菌病的病原及其对常见抗真菌药物的敏感性,给临床治疗提供依据,从具有皮肤真菌病症状奶牛病灶处的皮屑样品中,使用沙氏培养基分离病原真菌,通过核糖体r DNA ITS序列对其分析鉴定。使用ATB FUNGUS 3真菌药敏试纸条测定5-氟胞嘧啶、两性霉素B、氟康唑、伊曲康唑及伏立康唑对所分离病原真菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)。结果表明,在沙氏培养基上分离到的10株中心蜡状成堆、边缘"杉树状"的真菌,经ITS序列分析,鉴定为人兽共患性致病真菌——疣状毛癣菌;所分离的疣状毛癣菌对伏立康唑、伊曲康唑均为敏感,对氟康唑均为中介,而对两性霉素B及5氟胞嘧啶均为耐药;ITS序列分析可实现对真菌的快速、准确鉴定;伏立康唑、伊曲康唑对本研究中分离的疣状毛癣菌具有良好的体外抗菌活性。     

畜产品中β-受体激动剂残留及其危害

1概述目前新闻媒体上报道的"瘦肉精"属于β-受体激动剂类药物,该类药物主要包括克伦特罗、沙丁胺醇、莱克多巴胺等,因其具有肾上腺素样作用,可缓解、消除或预防支气管哮喘。除莱克多巴胺外,克伦特罗、沙丁胺醇等β-受体激动剂在人医临床上作为平喘的处方药广泛使用。但是,该类药物毒副作用较大,人使用后可能出现肌肉振颤、心慌、战栗、头疼、恶心、呕吐等不良反应症状,特别是对高血压、心脏病、甲亢和     

疫苗免疫需注意的几个方面

一搞好防暑降温 1舍内降温 开放式鸡舍应安装吊扇,加速空气流动降温;密闭式鸡舍可采用纵向通风法降温,即在鸡舍前门设置进风口,后门设置排风口,依舍内空间大小设置一定数量的排气扇,增强对流散热效果。注意通风时将两侧窗户关闭,使舍内任何部位均能感觉到凉风拂面。还可在进风处设置水帘．使外界热空气经过冷却后再进入鸡舍。     

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of equine infectious anemia antibody to purified P26 viral protein

An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the detection of equine infectious anemia (EIA) antibody in horse sera. Purified P26 viral protein was the antigen; alkaline phosphatase linked to rabbit anti-horse immunoglobulin G was the conjugate. The ELISA detected EIA antibodies in horse sera as early as 11 to 14 days after experimental inoculations. There was full agreement between the results of ELISA and the agar-gel immunodiffusion tests on EIA proficiency test sera. The ELISA readily detected EIA antibody in horse sera that had weak positive reactions on agar-gel immunodiffusion.     

Diagnosis of naturally occurring Fasciola hepatica infections in cattle with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Sera from 100 herds of cattle located in the state of Washington were examined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibody to Fasciola hepatica in a screening procedure that included 5 to 10 samples/herd. Twenty-eight herds contained infected cattle and F hepatica was most prevalent in 3 distinct geographic areas. Subsequent retesting of all sera available from 14 herds (mean of 109 samples/herd) revealed that the screening procedure correctly detected 7 of 7 operations in which greater than 40% of samples were positive or suspect and 3 of 3 operations in which 12% to 13% of the samples were positive or suspect. One of 3 herds considered negative after screening was found to contain a few (7%) positive samples and 1 herd considered possibly infected was negative on retest. These results were compared with those obtained by fecal examination for F hepatica eggs in 9 of the 14 herds. A good correlation (5 of 5) was found in which a high percentage (48% to 85%) of sera were positive or suspect. Fasciola eggs were not found in samples from 2 herds with few (7% to 12%) positive or suspect sera or in 2 herds that were negative by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.     

刚棘颚口线虫的扫描电镜观察

刚棘颚口线虫扫描电镜显示：头球顶端有两片半球形的大侧唇，大侧唇背面有1对双乳突和1个头感器。在轮节皮棘第6-7排或第8-9排或第10-11之间各有1对颈乳突，与樊氏等及古贺正崇等描述颈乳突位置有所差异。并观察到雄虫尾端长交合刺的皮纹上有细小的凹陷小乳，其顶端有开口处；有2对尾乳突。雌虫阴门位于虫体腹面中线之后；尾端前腹面有半月状的肛门，有1对尾乳突。其中头钩、体棘、交合刺和尾乳突等形态特征与前人记述相似。     

桑尺蠖和丝棉木金星尺蠖的微孢子虫对家蚕病原性和胚种传染性研究

从桑尺蠖（ＨｅｍｅｒｏｐｈｉｌａａｔｒｉｌｉｎｅａｔａＢｕｔｌｅｒ）中分离的微孢子虫（简称桑尺蠖微孢子虫），形态为长卵圆形，大小为３．５～４．１×１．６～１．９μｍ。从丝棉木金星尺蠖（ＣａｌｏｓｐｉｌｏｓｓｕｓｐｅｃｔａＷａｒｒｅｎ）中分离的微孢子虫（简称丝棉木金星尺蠖微孢子虫），形状为卵圆形，大小为３．２～３．７×１．６～２．１μｍ。两种微孢子虫均能感染寄生家蚕的主要组织器官，引起蚕儿发病，但致病力要比家蚕微孢子虫（Ｎｏｓｅｍａｂｏｍｂｙｃｉｓ）弱，且能经卵传染给下一代，其胚种传染率要比家蚕微孢子虫低。     

保存条件对禽霍乱蜂胶灭活菌苗免疫效果与超微结构的影响

禽霍乱蜂胶灭活菌苗在－１５℃保存２４个月，４～８℃保存１８个月，１０～１５℃保存１２个月，２０～３０℃保存６个月，其免疫效果均基本不变。在－８０℃以下结冰再融化后，其超微结构无明显变化。－１０～－１５℃时不结冰，菌苗的理化性状与超微结构不发生改变。在４℃及２０℃室温条件下保存１２个月，菌苗的理化性状与超微结构亦无明显变化。证明该菌苗具有独特稳定的内部结构，范围广泛的保存温度，易于长期保存等特点。