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801.
为了实现对复配凝胶体系状态的调控,扩展凝胶在食品中的应用,该研究通过酸性热处理调控黄原胶中丙酮酸基含量变化,研究其对黄原胶结构、流变特性及黄原胶(Xanthan Gum)与魔芋葡甘聚糖(Konjac Glucomannan)复配凝胶特性(如溶胶-凝胶转换温度、流变特性等)的影响。研究结果表明;XG螺旋结构随丙酮酸基减少而逐渐紧密,流动性增强,有序无序构象转换温度升高。通过对XG/KGM复配凝胶流变特性的研究发现丙酮酸基含量减少,复配体系的黏度系数减小,似固性减弱,趋向于牛顿流体;且同一角频率下,XG/KGM复配凝胶的储能模量和损耗模量随丙酮酸基的脱除均呈现减小的趋势,但储能模量恒大于损耗模量,损耗因子的正切值恒小于1,呈固体特性。温度扫描表明温度降低,复配体系的储能模量逐渐增大,但其增加的起始温度随丙酮酸基含量减少而降低,且整体呈下降趋势,溶胶-凝胶温度从60℃降至41℃,该研究结果使得溶胶-凝胶的转换温度更接近于口腔温度,为食品产业中"入口即化"特性的研究提供了可能。 相似文献
802.
Qin Wen-chao Chen Zhi-hui Chen Ying-lin Ma Cheng-zhan Sun Hao Lian Li-na Zhao Ze-yu Zhao Cheng Sun Jia-you Bai Yang Xu Liang-mei 《东北农业大学学报(英文版)》2021,28(4):56-67
The purpose of this experiment was to isolate and screen the microorganisms from the soil where chicken feathers were piled for a long time and identify them bi... 相似文献
803.
柑橘溃疡病拮抗菌的分离筛选及其田间防效 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
从湖南衡阳、常德、长沙、永州等地的柑橘园采集标本,分离、筛选柑橘叶表微生物,共分离到225株细菌,9株真菌.平板拮抗试验结果表明,其中6个菌株有较好的防效,占分离菌株的13.7%.通过对菌株过滤液和定殖力的测定,菌株Kx15和Kx48效果明显,在温室对柑橘溃疡病的防治效果分别达到45.6%和55.6%,在重病果园中的防治效果分别为40.3%,47.7%,且Kx48要优于Kx15.菌株Kx15初步鉴定属于葡萄糖杆菌属,Kx48属于乳酸杆菌属. 相似文献
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Molecular characterization was carried out on an iridovirus isolated from yellow grouper, Epinephelus awoara . The major capsid protein (MCP) gene was located, sequenced and compared with homologous genes from other iridoviruses. The nucleotide sequence is 1392 bases long and contains a single open reading frame beginning at an ATG codon from the 5' end and terminating at a TAA codon at the 3' end. The open reading frame encodes a protein of 463 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 50 272 Da. Pairwise amino acid alignments detected a high degree of sequence identity between grouper iridovirus (GIV) MCP and the homologous genes of other iridoviruses. The MCP gene of GIV was most similar to the MCP gene from frog virus 3 (FV3) with 70% nucleotide and 73% amino acid sequence identity. The predicted molecular weight of the protein of this gene is comparable with the apparent weight obtained by SDS–PAGE. Pathogenicity of the GIV was investigated in yellow grouper by intraperitoneal injection of 107 and 104 TCID50 virus. Cumulative mortalities reached 100% within 11 and 25 days post-infection, respectively, while no grouper died in the control group. The molecular studies demonstrated that GIV is a member of the genus Ranavirus . 相似文献
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808.
Hongwei Luo Xinbin Duan Shaoping Liu Daqing Chen 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2014,40(5):1521-1532
The study assessed the effects of surgically implanted dummy ultrasonic transmitters on physiological response of bighead carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis in April 2011. Before the surgery, 15 blood samples were extracted randomly from 195 bighead carp samples, and then the rest of the fish were divided into three groups: (1) control group, handing but no tagging, (2) sham group, surgical procedure without implantation of transmitter and (3) surgery group, surgical implantation of transmitters. In 3 h, 24 h, 7 days and 14 days after surgery, 15 fish were extracted randomly from the three groups, respectively, for sampling. Then the plasma samples were analyzed, and physiological measures of stress response (cortisol, glucose), tissue damage [alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)] and nutritional status [total protein, globulin, albumin, triglyceride, cholesterol, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)] were compared. The result showed that there was no significant difference between sham and surgery groups in 3 h, 24 h, 7 days and 14 days after surgery. When compared to the control group, there were significant increases in concentrations of plasma cortisol, glucose, ALT, AST, total protein and globulin of sham and surgery groups in 3 h after surgery. After 24 h, the levels of plasma cortisol, ALT, AST, total protein, globulin and ALP were elevated in both sham and surgery groups, whereas the levels of plasma glucose had declined to normal level and plasma albumin, cholesterol and triglyceride were significantly decreased in both sham and surgery groups. After 7 days, the levels of plasma glucose, albumin and cholesterol continued to decline, while the level of plasma ALT, globulin and ALP had declined but still remained higher for sham and surgery groups than control group; however, the plasma total protein level had returned to normal. After 14 days, there was no significant difference between the three groups. The above results showed that surgical implantation of ultrasonic transmitters had indeed caused significantly negative effects on the physiological response of bighead carp. However, all the negative influences on stress response, tissue damage and nutritional status had disappeared in 14 days after surgery, and the presence of transmitters had no significant negative impact. Therefore, the bighead carp should be temporary cultured at least 14 days for the recovery of physiological response and then released into the free water for the ultrasonic telemetry research. 相似文献
809.
Effects of dietary protein to energy ratios on growth,body composition and digestive enzyme activities in Chinese mitten‐handed crab,Eriocheir sinensis
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Yanyan Cui Qianqian Ma Samwel Mchele Limbu Zhenyu Du Nannan Zhang Erchao Li Liqiao Chen 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(5):2243-2252
This study aimed to determine the optimal protein to energy ratio (P/E ratio) and evaluate the effect of dietary protein and lipid levels on growth performance, body composition and digestive enzymes activities in Chinese mitten‐handed crab, Eriocheir sinensis. Nine practical diets containing three levels both for protein (DP 30%, 35% and 40%) and lipid (DL 2%, 7% and 12%) with P/E ratios ranging from 13.69 to 19.79 mg KJ?1 were fed to four replicates of crabs (3.39 ± 0.10 g) for 10 weeks. Weight gain increased significantly with the increase in DP level at each DL level. Moreover, weight gain increased in crabs fed with diets containing DL level from 2% to 12% and DP level from 30% to 35%. However, the diet containing 40% DP and 12% DL levels significantly decreased the growth performance and protein efficiency of the crabs. The whole crab and hepatopancreas lipid contents also increased as dietary lipid increased, but not dietary protein. The total protease activity increased significantly with the increase in dietary protein at each lipid level. The lipase activity was statistically comparable among different DL levels at each DP level. Taken together, the crab fed the diet containing 35% protein and 12% lipid levels with P/E 15.77 mg KJ?1 revealed optimal growth, feed utilization efficiency and digestive enzymes activities. Moreover, our study indicated that the higher dietary lipid level at a relatively lower dietary protein level could provide protein sparing effect in Eriocheir sinensis. 相似文献
810.
Nitrification kinetics of biofilm as affected by water quality factors 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Various types of fixed film biofilters have been used in recirculating aquaculture systems under different water quality and operating conditions. The effectiveness of the nitrification process can be evaluated by nitrification kinetics. Nitrification in the bacterial film of the biofilter involves physical, chemical and biological processes that are governed by a variety of parameters such as substrate and dissolved oxygen concentrations, organic matters, temperature, pH, alkalinity, salinity and turbulence level. The impacts of these parameters upon nitrification kinetics make predicting the performance of a biofilter for a given application an engineering challenge. Knowing the performance of a biofilter is critical for both designers and managers. This paper summarizes the current knowledge on nitrification kinetics as affected by the aforementioned factors based on literature and the results from the authors’ laboratories. These factors were ranked according to their significance of impact on biofilter nitrification performance. The information presented can be used as a reference for the design and operation of biofilters in recirculating aquaculture systems. 相似文献