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61.
62.
Packaging foils made of cellulose actetate, cellophane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyester, polyvinyl chloride, attacked byRhizopertha dominica F.,Stegobium paniceum L.,Tribolium castaneum Hbst. and larvae ofPlodia interpunctella Hbn. were examined with the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Because of the destruction marks made by the insects, it is possible to determine with the SEM the side of packaging material which has been attacked by the pests. Due to the shape and position of the mouthparts of the insects the gnawing marks are rather typical for the different species. By means of a standard of comparison it might be possible to determine the family and perhaps the genus or species of the insects involved. The influence of shape and size of the mouthparts as well as the position of the mandibles in relation to the anatomy and to the axis of the body on the gnawing ability of stored-product pests is discussed. The reasons for the insect resistance of packaging materials are discussed (smoothness of the surface, rigidity, thickness). 相似文献
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64.
Zusammenfassung Es wird über das Auftreten von 25 Vorratsschädlingen, darunter 17 Käfer- und 3 Mottenarten, in den Lägern der Bevorratungsabteilung des Senators für Wirtschaft und Arbeit, der sonstigen Großlagerhaltung sowie in den Vorräten privater Haushalte berichtet. Die häufigsten Schädlinge in der Großlagerei waren Brotkäfer (Stegobium paniceum L.) und Speichermotten (Ephestia elutella Hbn.). Für den Vorratsschutz interessante Fälle und besondere Arten werden ausführlicher behandelt. Außerdem wird ein Überblick über die Entwesungs- und Entseuchungsarbeiten gegeben, bei denen neben den Begasungsmitteln mit den Wirkstoffen Methylbromid, Phosphorwasserstoff und Blausäure auch Vorratsschutzmittel auf der Grundlage von Dichlorvos, Pyrethrum und Piperonylbutoxid in verschiedenen Anteilen eingesetzt werden.
Mit einer Abbildung und 3 Tabellen 相似文献
Stored products protection activities of the Plant Protection Office Berlin. Pests of foodstuffs and pest-control in warehouses from 1980 to 1986
It is reported about the appearance of 25 stored-product pests, within 17 species of beetles and 2 species of moths in warehouses of the Bevorratungsabteilung des Senators für Wirtschaft und Arbeit as well as in the other warehouses and private households. The drugstore bettle (Stegobium paniceum L.) and the warehouse moth (Ephestia elutella Hbn.) were the most common pests. Cases of special interest and particular species are described in detail. Also is given a survey about the pest-controlling measures carried out with poisongas as methylbromide, phosphine and hydrocyanic acid and with insecticides on basis of dichlorvos, pyrethrum and piperonylbutoxide.
Mit einer Abbildung und 3 Tabellen 相似文献
65.
It is predicted that dryland salinity will affect up to 17 Mha of the Australian landscape by 2050, and therefore, monitoring the health of tree plantings and remnant native vegetation in saline areas is increasingly important. Casuarina glauca Sieber ex Spreng. has considerable salinity tolerance and is commonly planted in areas with a shallow, saline water table. To evaluate the potential of using the nitrogenous composition of xylem sap to assess salinity stress in C. glauca, the responses of trees grown with various soil salinities in a greenhouse were compared with those of trees growing in field plots with different water table depths and groundwater salinities. In the greenhouse, increasing soil salinity led to increased allocation of nitrogen (N) to proline and arginine in both stem and root xylem sap, with coincident decreases in citrulline and asparagine. Although the field plots were ranked as increasingly saline-based on ground water salinity and depth-only the allocation of N to citrulline differed significantly between the field plots. Within each plot, temporal variation in the composition of the xylem sap was related to rainfall, rainfall infiltration and soil salinity. Periods of low rainfall and infiltration and higher soil salinity corresponded with increased allocation of N to proline and arginine in the xylem sap. The allocation of N to citrulline and asparagine increased following rainfall events where rain was calculated to have infiltrated sufficiently to decrease soil salinity. The relationship between nitrogenous composition of the xylem sap of C. glauca and soil salinity indicates that the analysis of xylem sap is an effective method for assessing changes in salinity stress in trees at a particular site over time. However, the composition of the xylem sap proved less useful as a comparative index of salinity stress in trees growing at different sites. 相似文献
66.
Zusammenfassung Nach einem kurzen Überblick über die gesetzlichen Grundlagen für die Durchführung der Pflanzenbeschau wird über die Ergebnisse der Kontrollmaßnahmen bei der Einfuhr von Pflanzenerzeugnissen (Getreide) nach Berlin (West) berichtet. Von 1980 bis 1985 wurden insgesamt mehr als 700 000 Tonnen Weizen, Braugerste, Roggen, Hafer, Sonnenblumenkerne, Hirse und Erdnüsse aus 12 europäischen, amerikanischen und afrikanischen Ländern eingeführt, davon mehr als 99% allein aus der DDR.Die Importe aus der DDR waren im Durchschnitt zu knapp 1% mit Vorratsschädlingen befallen, und zwar mit dem Reiskäfer (Sitophilus oryzae L.), dem Gemeinen Kornkäfer (Sitophilus granarius L.), Leistenkopfplattkäfern (Cryptolestes spp.), dem Amerikanischen Reismehlkäfer (Tribolium confusum Duv.) und dem Rotbraunen Reismehlkäfer (Tribolium castaneum Hbst.).
Mit 2 Abbildungen und 3 Tabellen 相似文献
Stored products activities of the plant protection office Berlin. The inspection of imported stored products from 1980 to 1985
A brief survey is given about the legal basis for the inspection of stored products (cereals) imported to Berlin (West). This follows a report about the results of those controls. From 1980 to 1985 more than 700,000 tons of wheat, barley, reye, oats, sunflower seeds, millet and peanuts were imported from 12 European, American and African countries, more than 99% of them from the GDR.On average about 1% of the imports from the GDR were infested by stored product pests; there were rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae L.), grain weevil (Sitophilus granarius L.), grain beetles (Cryptolestes spp.), confused flour beetle (Tribolium confusum Duv.) and red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum Hbst.).
Mit 2 Abbildungen und 3 Tabellen 相似文献
67.
Z Sánchez MA Lammoglia MA Alarcón JJ Romero CS Galina 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2015,50(4):574-579
The present assay attempts to evaluate the feasibility of using embryo transfer in small community farmers by in vivo study and by modelling the results obtained. From the total of 59 donor cows, 62.7% responded to treatment, with a significant difference (p = 0.002) in the percentage of the response between breeds, being 90.5% (19/21) in Holstein and 47.4% (18/38) in Brahman. A total of 283 embryos were graded as transferable, while 141 as non‐transferable, without difference in the percentage of transferable embryo by breed (p = 0.18). The mean of transferable embryos graded as class I and II was not different between Holstein and Brahman (p = 0.96 and p = 0.92, respectively); besides, no differences were observed in the other grades (non‐transferable). The highest difference in costs, regardless of its quality by breed, was seen in the lower levels of probable fertility of the embryo transferred, even reaching several hundred dollars. When modelling the expected costs for embryo produced and transferred, values can reach nearly $2000.00 when the probable fertility is only 10%. However, when the probable fertility was 60%, embryo cost was close to $300.00. This technology seems to be viable on average or high‐scale systems, having a superovulatory response between 60 and 80% with 4–6 transferrable embryos. Yet, in small‐scale farming, due to the reduced number of donors and/or recipients, the costs surpass the economical feasibility of the technique. 相似文献
68.
Journal of Pest Science - Slugs are a serious pest of cereal crops, and recent emphasis in slug pest management has shifted from solely chemical towards integrated approaches. The objective of the... 相似文献
69.
Keaton Schmidt Cindy Feng Tingxuan Wu Tanya Duke-Novakovski 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2021,62(9):961
Neonatal mortality rate (NMR) may be affected by maternal physical condition, anesthesia, and uterine incision or en-bloc neonate removal. The association of selected factors with number of dogs with dead puppies at hospital discharge was evaluated using 78 records. Data obtained at admittance for emergency cesarean section included: age, small or large body size, rectal temperature, packed cell volume, serum total protein, blood urea nitrogen, glucose, puppy in pelvic canal, and heart rate. Administration of opioids, propofol, alfaxalone, isoflurane, and sevoflurane, and anesthesia/surgical times and surgical technique were evaluated using Fisher’s exact tests. There were 238 live puppies and 38 dogs had 58 dead puppies; the NMR was 19.6%. Mortality was associated with puppy in the pelvic canal (P = 0.003) and duration of anesthesia > 80 minutes (P = 0.029). Age > 8 years (P = 0.054) and induction time to start of surgery > 30 minutes (P = 0.17) may be associated with mortality. Expedient cesarean section with obstructive dystocia and an induction time to start of surgery < 30 minutes are important for puppy survival. 相似文献
70.
Dennis Rubbenstroth Volker Schmidt Monika Rinder Marko Legler Victor Max Corman Peter Staeheli 《Veterinary microbiology》2014,168(2-4):318-323
Avian bornaviruses (ABV) are known to be the causative agent of proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) in parrots and their relatives (Psittaciformes). A broad range of ABV genotypes has been detected not only in psittacine birds, but also in other avian species including canary birds (Serinus canaria forma domestica) and Bengalese finches (Lonchura striata f. dom.), which are both members of the order songbirds (Passeriformes).During this study 286 samples collected from captive and wild birds of various passerine species in different parts of Germany were screened for the presence of ABV. Interestingly, only three ABV-positive samples were identified by RT-PCR. They originated from one yellow-winged pytilia (Pytilia hypogrammica) and two black-rumped waxbills (Estrilda troglodytes) from a flock of captive estrildid finches in Saxony. The ABV isolates detected here were only distantly related to ABV isolates found in passerine species in Germany and Japan and form a new genotype tentatively called ABV-EF (for “estrildid finches”). 相似文献