猪红细胞生成素受体基因突变与血常规性状关联分析

本研究旨在探索红细胞生成素受体基因(EPOR)影响红细胞相关性状的分子机理.对EPOR基因第1内含子和第4内含子突变位点g.705G＞T和g.2373C＞T,以飞行时间质谱进行个体基因型分型,在构建的大白猪×民猪F2代资源群体内开展其与6种血常规性状(红细胞压积、血红蛋白、平均红细胞血红蛋白量、平均红细胞体积、红细胞计数及红细胞分布宽度)的关联分析.结果表明,第1内含子突变位点g.705G＞T未发现与血常规性状显著关联;第4内含子突变位点g.2373C＞T群体内只发现2种基因型,其中CT基因型个体的红细胞压积显著高于CC基因型个体(P＜0.05),但并未发现与其他性状显著关联.结果显示,EPOR基因突变可显著影响红细胞压积,说明该基因可作为影响红细胞压积的主效候选基因开展深入研究.     

抗病毒药物在兽医上的应用与存在的问题

病毒的生物学特性、生活和繁殖方式，给防治病毒病造成了困难。本文介绍了抗病毒药物的作用机制、分类和种类，得出抗病毒药物在应用中存在的问题。     

四川冬春季参考作物蒸散量时空变化及其成因

为深入认识四川冬春季参考作物蒸散量(ET₀)的变化特征,利用1980—2016年四川35个气象站的逐日气象观测资料,采用泰森多边形、气候倾向率和克里金空间插值等方法对其冬春季ET₀的时空变化特征进行分析,并通过敏感性和贡献率分析了ET₀的变化成因。结果表明:ET₀的年代际变化呈先降后增的趋势,空间上呈明显的西南高东部低的分布特征,且高值区范围持续扩大,低值区范围波动缩小。ET₀的年际变化呈上升趋势,春季ET₀气候倾向率和空间差异明显大于冬季,且ET₀高值区与低值区空间分布受海拔高度影响明显。ET₀的同一日多年平均值自初冬至初春逐渐上升,1月22日—5月2日仅有8 d的ET₀值低于多年日平均值,具有明显连续的高值时段。ET₀对日照时数的变化最敏感,其次是对相对湿度与平均气温,对三者均呈高敏感性。平均气温的正贡献率是引起ET₀变化的主导因子,其次是相对...     

巴氏杀菌乳中金黄色葡萄球菌的生长预测模型构建

巴氏杀菌乳中金黄色葡萄球菌污染可能会产生肠毒素,对人体健康造成危害。分别监测在4、10、16、20、24、28℃储藏条件下金黄色葡萄球菌在巴氏杀菌乳中的生长数据,采用Modified Gompertz模型、Logistic模型、Huang模型和Baranyi模型构建金黄色葡萄球菌动力学一级模型,采用平方根模型和Arrhenius模型建立二级模型以描述温度与相对最大生长速率(μ_max)的关系。结果显示,各温度下Modified Gompertz模型的拟合度更优,决定系数(R²)>0.98,均方根误差(RMSE)<4.6,为最合适的一级模型。二级模型中,Arrhenius模型的拟合度更优(R²=0.99,RMSE=0.60)。相较于平方根模型,外部验证显示Arrhenius模型的精确度因子(A_f)和偏差因子(B_f)分别为1.39和0.87,较接近于1,说明预测效果更好。研究结果可为巴氏杀菌乳中金黄色葡萄球菌的风险评估提供数据基础,为乳品货架安全期预测提供科学依据。     

广州市森林公园游客满意度影响因素分析

在借鉴相关研究的基础上,筛选出影响森林公园满意度的关键指标,设计调查问卷。采用分层抽样法对广州市11个森林公园进行调查,以随机方式对游客进行拦截访问,对所获数据进行描述性统计分析、交叉分析、相关性分析和回归分析。结果表明：广州市森林公园的游客满意度主要受管理服务、内部环境、景点项目、游览路线、指示系统、停车设施、可达度、喜爱度、忠诚度等因素的影响,其中环境安静、温湿舒适、停车方便、公交地铁和（高速）公路便利、距常住地距离合意等为核心因素,管理有序、空气清新、植物丰富、景观怡人、购物餐饮租车和卫生小憩设施便利等为重要因素,景点布局新奇、游览路线合理、指示系统清晰等为边缘因素,但影响程度明显分为不同层次,但多数影响因素与游客属性没有显著差异。因此,广州市森林公园建设与管理应坚持以提高游客满意度为抓手,努力实现游客健康休闲环境与设施的供求匹配。     

Green tea polyphenols supplementation alters immunometabolism and oxidative stress in dairy cows with hyperketonemia

Peripartal cows often experience negative energy balance, and are therefore prone to suffering from metabolic diseases such as hyperketonemia, which causes financial losses in dairy farms. This study aimed to investigate the effect of green tea polyphenol (GTP) supplementation during the periparturient period on production performance, oxidative stress and immunometabolism in dairy cows with hyperketonemia. One hundred Holstein cows were assigned to GTP (0.2 g/kg DM; n = 50) or control (without GTP; n = 50) group based on body weight, previous milk yield, and parity on d 15 before expected parturition. Subsequently, 10 cows with hyperketonemia were selected from each group, according to blood β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) concentration between 1.2 and 2.9 mmol/L from 2 to 3 d postpartum. All cows were fed a close-up diet and a lactation diet with or without GTP supply from 15 d prepartum until 30 d postpartum. Milk and blood samples were obtained from 20 cows selected with hyperketonemia on 10, 20, and 30 d postpartum. Compared with control cows, greater milk yield and lower somatic cell count were observed in GTP cows. The GTP group had lower concentrations of BHBA, free fatty acids, cholesterol, triglyceride, reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide, greater concentrations of glucose, lower activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and glutamyl transpeptidase, alongside greater activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and total antioxidant capacity. Additionally, GTP supplementation up-regulated concentrations of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10, but down-regulated concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-2, interleukin-8, and interferon-γ in plasma. Greater concentrations of plasma immunoglobulin G were also detected in the GTP group. Overall, the data suggested that GTP supplementation from 15 d prepartum to 30 d postpartum improved the milk yield and health status in cows with hyperketonemia during early lactation.     

干旱胁迫对3种冷季型草坪草光谱反射率及生理特征的影响

为探讨高光谱分析技术在草坪草水分监测上的应用,以草地早熟禾、高羊茅、多年生黑麦草为试验材料,测定了干旱胁迫下3种冷季型草坪草生理指标及光谱反射率。结果表明:随着干旱胁迫程度的加深,供试草坪草叶片相对含水量和叶绿素含量显著下降(P0.05),丙二醛含量、脯氨酸含量及敏感波段的(550和760 nm)的光谱反射率显著上升(P0.05),3种草坪草抗旱性能的强弱顺序为:高羊茅多年生黑麦草草地早熟禾。3种草坪草敏感波段光谱反射率(R_(550 nm),R_(760 nm))及高光谱参数(Rg,R0,GNDVI)与生理指标间呈显著或极显著相关,以R_(550 nm)与生理指标间的相关系数绝对值最大。同时R_(550 nm)构建了供试草坪草生理指标的估测模型,经检验,模型估测值与实测值相关性达显著或极显著水平。     

不同性能薄膜对草莓气调保鲜效果的影响

以PE/OPP/PE复合膜、PE膜及电晕处理PE膜为试材,采用与空气相同(21%O_2+0.9%CO2)的初始气体比例被动气调包装件,研究不同透气、透湿性能的薄膜对草莓气调保鲜效果的影响。结果表明:在室温(15±2)℃、相对湿度33%~35%的条件下,在草莓6d贮存期内,PE/OPP/PE复合膜保持了草莓较高的感官评价和硬度,电晕处理PE膜更有利于延缓草莓可溶性固形物含量的下降及pH的升高。故PE/OPP/PE复合膜和电晕处理PE膜对草莓的保鲜效果优于PE膜。     

Analysis on Knowledge Sharing Under the Incomplete Information Condition

Knowledge sharing is the important way in which enterprises create organizational knowledge and obtain competition advantage.Scholars always have difference viewpoints about the motivators in knowledge sharing.This paper(analyzes) the incomplete information game and the choice of the motivators in knowledge sharing.If the knowledge(acceptant) offers motivators to the knowledge owner,knowledge sharing might make the participants obtain knowledge-sharing incomes.If knowledge-sharing incomes can make up the participants' costs,knowledge sharing can be caught through.Because the information of knowledge's value is incomplete,enterprises need knowledge managers and organizational additional motivators promote knowledge sharing.