瓦氏黄颡鱼仔鱼生长与卵黄吸收的研究

在流水水族箱中对瓦氏黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus vachelli)仔鱼的内源营养进行了研究,对其体长、头长、体重及卵黄囊容积、油球容积和卵黄球容积进行了分析比较。结果表明:该鱼的生长在孵化96h仔鱼生长速度较快。同时试验通过对仔鱼发育过程中卵黄囊的吸收分阶段情况的描述,得出了其内源营养阶段的卵黄囊变化规律及发育特点。     

山桃稠李果实成熟过程花色苷含量的变化

以山桃稠李果实为试材,在山桃稠李的果实转色期采集果实,测定了不同采样时期果实的总花色苷、花青素-3-葡萄糖苷、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)含量,确定了果实从转色期至成熟期花色苷含量与PAL活性的相关性。结果表明:山桃稠李果实从转色期至成熟期总花色苷与花青素-3-葡萄糖苷均表现为增长趋势,成熟期含量最高;PAL对花色苷的形成具有积极作用;花青素-3-葡萄糖苷与花色苷变化呈正相关。     

意大利蝗取食特性及损失估计研究

野外条件下,对意大利蝗（Calliptamus italicus）的取食特性、食量进行了研究;同时用笼罩和模拟方法测定了意大利蝗对田间产草量造成的损失。研究结果表明：意大利蝗若虫喜食冷蒿（Artemisia frigida Willd.）、针叶苔草（Carex onoei Franch. et Sav.）;而成虫则喜食冷蒿、新疆鼠尾草（Salvia deserta Schang）、黄花苜蓿（Medicago falcata Linn.）。意大利蝗3、4、5、6龄若虫以及成虫日平均食量分别为14.27、18.77、20.80、27.65、29.26 mg/头;在4、8、12、16头/m2密度下,笼罩产草量损失分别为5.66、16.45、26.78、26.41 g/m2;模拟产草量损失分别为6.23、19.40、26.65、30.85 g/m2。相关性分析结果表明,两者显著相关。上述结果对于指导意大利蝗的防治和更有效地控制意大利蝗的危害具有非常重要的意义。     

5种杀虫剂对紫薇长斑蚜的毒杀效果研究

本试验在室内测定了5种杀虫剂对紫薇长斑蚜的毒力,试验结果表明,田笑20%阿维·杀微乳剂和农地乐52.25%乳油防效较好,致死中量LC50分别为5.6697×10-5μg/L和7.9480×10-5μg/L;2.5%溴氰菊酯乳剂次之,LC50为1.4025×10-1μg/L;而赛波凯10%乳油和2.5%蚜虱一扫光乳剂防效最差.选取室内致死率为85%以上的农药倍数,用于室外试验,结果表明,5种杀虫剂防效由强到弱依次为:田笑20%阿维·杀微乳剂1 250倍液,致死率为88.89%;农地乐52.25%乳油1 250倍液,致死率为86.67%;2.5%溴氰菊酯乳剂1 250倍液,致死率为83.33%;赛波凯10%乳油1 000倍液,致死率为78.89%;2.5%蚜虱一扫光乳剂1 000倍液,致死率为75.56%.     

纳罗克非洲狗尾草种子生产技术研究概况

从施肥、刈割、植物生长调节剂、收获时间等方面论述了纳罗克非洲狗尾草种子生产的主要环节,提出了增加种子产量的关键措施。     

Canine model of ischemic stroke with permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion: clinical and histopathological findings

The aim of the present study was to assess the clinical and histopathological findings in a canine model of ischemic stroke. Cerebral ischemic stroke was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion in four healthy beagle dogs using silicone plugs. They showed neurological signs of forebrain dysfunction such as reduced responsiveness, head turning, circling, postural reaction deficits, perceptual deficits, and hemianopsia. These signs gradually regressed within 4 weeks without therapy. On magnetic resonance imaging, T2 hyperintensity and T1 hypointensity were found in the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia. These lesions were well-defined and sharply demarcated from adjacent brain parenchyma with a homogenous appearance. No abnormalities of the cerebrospinal fluid were observed. At necropsy, atrophic and necrotic lesions were observed in the cerebral cortex. The cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and thalamus were partially unstained with triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride. Histopathologically, typical features of infarction were identified in cortical and thalamic lesions. This study demonstrates that our canine model resembles the conditions of real stroke patients.     

Corticosterone inhibits LPS-induced expression of NLRP3 in mouse macrophages and its relation with XO

AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of corticosterone (CORT) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) and its relation with xanthine oxidase (XO). METHODS: An inflammatory model of mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 was established by stimulating with LPS. Total cellular protein was extracted after the macrophages were treated with CORT at different concentrations (0~900 μg/L). The protein levels of NLRP3 and caspase-1 were determined by Western blot. According to the treatments, the macrophages were divided into control group, LPS group, LPS+CORT group and LPS+allopurinol group. Cell components were extracted at 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 h. The protein levels of NLRP3 and XO were determined by Western blot,and the mRNA expression of NLRP3 and XO was detected by real-time PCR. RESULTS: CORT at 700 μg/L and above significantly inhibited the expression of NLRP3 and the activation of caspase-1 in the macrophages induced by LPS (P<0.05). Compared with LPS group, the expression of NLRP3 and XO in LPS+CORT group was inhibited (P<0.05), and the expression of NLRP3 in LPS+allopurinol group was also reduced (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: High concentration of CORT inhibits the expression of NLRP3 in LPS-induced mouse macrophages, which is associated with XO. The inhibitory effect of CORT may be related to the reduction of XO expression.     

益生菌发酵饲料对猪的生长和肉质的影响

应用益生菌发酵饲料喂猪,能提高饲料中粗蛋白含量,明显降低猪粪臭味,促进生长、降低料肉比和提高猪肉品质。     

Cover Image,Volume 74, Issue 7

The cover image, by Quan‐quan Liu et al., is based on the Research Article Decision‐making in a bisexual line and a thelytokous Wolbachia‐infected line of Trichogramma dendrolimi Matsumura (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) regarding behavior toward their hosts, DOI: 10.1002/ps.4867 .