甘肃河西盐碱荒地开发对河流水质的影响

本文详尽分析了甘肃河西地区张掖临泽部分盐碱荒地开发对生态环境产生的主要污染参数、污染因子及污染物排放量，预测了洗盐废水中可溶性盐分对黑河水质的影响。     

8种杀螨剂对苹果树红蜘蛛田间防效评价

对8种不同作用机理杀螨剂防治苹果树红蜘蛛的效果进行了田间试验。结果表明：三唑锡、炔螨特、哒螨灵、阿维菌素、唑螨酯、螺螨酯、双甲脒、甲氰菊酯均是防治苹果树红蜘蛛的有效药剂,以螺螨酯的总体防效最好。     

添加有机硅表面活性剂对低容量喷雾防治小麦蚜虫的影响

室内试验表明,有机硅表面活性剂Silwet408、非离子表面活性剂OP-10和JFC可显著降低药液的表面张力,其中Silwet408在质量分数为0.05%时可使水的表面张力降到22.05 mN/m,表面活性最强。当药液中含有0.001%的有机硅表面活性剂Silwet408时,其在小麦叶片上的接触角即开始显著减小,且在小麦背面的接触角小于在正面的接触角。在10%吡虫啉可湿性粉剂稀释2500倍药液中添加Silwet408,药液的表面张力和其在小麦叶片上的接触角明显降低,雾滴在小麦叶片上扩展面积明显增大。进一步田间试验表明,使用手持离心式低容量喷雾机喷雾,在10%吡虫啉可湿性粉剂药液中添加质量分数为0.05%和0.1%的Silwet408,可显著增加对小麦蚜虫的防治效果。     

檀香规范化栽培技术

文章总结了多年檀香引种经验,并按中药材规范化管理(GAP)的要求在广东推广种植,对檀香的形态特征、生物学特性、田间栽培管理和采收加工等进行分析研究,制定生产规范。经大面积推广种植发现,檀香在广东南部地区生长良好,适应性强。实践证明在广东南部地区进行檀香种植是可行的。     

牛衣原体病及其防制

牛衣原体病中对养牛业危害最严重的是牛衣原体性流产，该病是由鹦鹉热衣原体感染牛引起的一种地方流行性的接触性传染病，以妊娠母牛流产、早产、死产或产无活力犊牛为主要特征。该病的同义名有牛流行性流产、牛地方流行性流产、牛新立克次体性流产。由于奶牛衣原体性流产给奶牛场造成的损失不仅仅是胎儿夭折，     

群牛暴发牛泰勒虫病的诊治

牛泰勒虫病在南方地区较为罕见。2001年7月，湖南省衡阳县樟树乡某村牛场所养的93头牛暴发牛泰勒虫病，经笔者诊治及时控制了疫情，现报告如下：     

油菜籽皮发酵饲料添加剂——纤维素酶

本研究对绿色木霉116的发酵条件和无机盐配方进行了正交试验优选。试验结果表明产纤维素酶的最佳条件是:接种量为2%,油菜籽皮:稻草:麸皮=3:2:5;水分:干料=1:1;装量为5%;无机盐固态发酵的最佳配方是:(NH4)2SO40.5%,KH2PO40.4%,MgSO40.04%,CaCl2·2H2O0.05%。产酶酶活可达242U/g鲜糟。     

The 16MΔvjbR as an ideal live attenuated vaccine candidate for differentiation between Brucella vaccination and infection

Brucellosis brings great economic burdens for developing countries. Live attenuated vaccines are the most efficient means for prevention and control of animal Brucellosis. However, the difficulties of differentiating of infection from vaccine immunization, which is essential for eradication programs, limit their applications. Therefore, the development of a vaccine that could differentiate infection from immunization will overcome the limitations and get extensive application. VjbR is a quorum sensing regulator involving in Brucella's intracellular survival. The vjbR∷Tn5 mutants have been proven effective against wild type strain challenge, implying its possibility of use in vaccine candidate development. To further evaluate this candidate gene, in the present study, the antigenicity of purified recombinant VjbR protein was analyzed. Antibodies to Brucella melitensis VjbR could be detected in sera from patients and animals with brucellosis but not in control ones, implying the potential use of this protein as a diagnostic antigen. Then a vjbR mutant of B. melitensis 16M was constructed by replacing the vjbR with kanamycin gene. The mutant showed reduced survival in macrophage and mice. Vaccination of BALB/c mice with 16MΔvjbR conferred significant protective immunity against B. melitensis strain 16M challenges, being equivalent to which induced by the license vaccine Rev.1. The vjbR deletion mutant elicited an anti-Brucella-specific immunoglobulin G response and induced the secretion of gamma interferon and interleukin-10. The most importance is that, the use of vjbR mutants as vaccines in association with diagnostic tests based on the VjbR antigen would allow the serological differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals. These results suggest that 16MΔvjbR is an ideal live attenuated vaccine candidate against B. melitensis and deserves further evaluation for vaccine development.     

基于柚木废弃物纳米纤丝化木质纤维素体系的高机械性能生物质材料构建

以柚木加工剩余物纤维为原料,通过初步粉碎后用胶体磨机械胶磨,无胶热压得到高机械性能生物质材料。结果表明：柚木废弃物原料通过机械热胶磨后,木纤维会分层分支且无胶热压后呈层状结构;木质纤维素之间由于羟基能够有效的交联在一起,增加其表面羟基的接触面积;生物质材料的剖面密度中间分布均匀且峰值和谷值之比约为1.16∶1;其静曲强度、弹性模量、内结合强度分别为115.27、10797.43、0.973 MPa,分别是素材纤维材料的5.1、2.5、4.5倍;同时还表现出一定的尺寸稳定性,及吸水厚度膨胀率仅为5.77%,比柚木废弃物原木质纤维材料降低了76.88%。生物质材料的剖面密度、静曲强度、弹性模量、内结合强度以及吸水厚度膨胀率均优于柚木废弃物原木质纤维材料。