Mating Systems and Reproductive Success in Hermaphroditic Bay Scallop,Argopecten irradians irradians (Lamarck 1819), Inferred by Microsatellite‐based Parentage Analysis

In this study, we used microsatellite‐based parentage analysis to assess the mating system of a mass spawning bay scallop, Argopecten irradians irradians. Parental assignment was performed on 237 offspring and 14 candidate parents. Overall, 95% of all offspring were unambiguously allocated to their putative parents based on information from six highly polymorphic loci. Offspring from both the self‐fertilization and cross‐fertilization style were observed, the large variation of self‐fertilization rate among individuals displays a mixed mode of mating. The high variances in reproductive success resulted in a decline in effective breeding numbers (N_b/N = 0.71). The self‐fertilization rate was 32.89% for this mass spawning and the coefficient of inbreeding was estimated at around 16.5% per generation. When selfed larvae were removed, the relationship between relatedness and individual reproductive success was proved insignificant between half‐sibings and unrelated, which suggest that selection pressures other than avoidance of inbreeding may be responsible for the evolution and maintenance of the self‐compatible mating system of A. i. irradians. These results lend insight to A. i. irradians cultivation in present China and provide a genetic basis for the development of more effective spawning techniques.     

甘南牦牛繁殖性能调查及提高繁殖性能的技术措施

本文调查了甘南牦牛的繁殖性能,调查发现甘南牦牛繁殖性能比上世纪八十年代降低,繁殖性能的高低与营养好坏和挤奶次数密切相关.通过控制载畜量,提高母牛的营养水平,犊牛定期断奶,可提高甘南牦牛的繁殖性能.     

Resveratrol Downregulates Cyp2e1 and Attenuates Chemically Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis in SD Rats

Cyp2e1 plays an important role in chemically induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Resveratrol (REV) is known to prevent diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis, but its effects on this process induced by DEN and 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) and the role of Cyp2e1 remain unclear. In this study, glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-P)-positive foci were used as a marker of hepatocarcinogenesis. REV or diallyl disulfide (DADS, an inhibitor of Cyp2e1) significantly reduced both the area and number of GST-P-positive foci induced by DEN and 2-AAF. Treatment with REV or DADS also markedly decreased the expression of Cyp2e1 in the rat liver. By immunohistochemical staining of serial liver sections, we found that the expression of Cyp2e1 in GST-P-positive foci showed three distinct patterns: decreased in GST-P foci, increased in GST-P foci when compared with surrounding liver tissue and mixed type. The number of GST-P foci with increased Cyp2e1 expression was greater than the number of GST-P foci with decreased Cyp2e1. Protein levels of GST-P and Cyp2e1 were also higher in foci compared with surrounding liver tissue. REV or DADS significantly reduced the expression of GST-P and Cyp2e1 in both foci and surrounding liver tissue. Taken together, these results suggested that REV has a significant inhibitory effect on chemically induced hepatocarcinogenesis, which may be attributed to downregulation of Cyp2e1.     

DT系列抗草甘膦棉花新材料的田间鉴定及筛选

为筛选抗除草剂棉花材料，以前期创制的抗草甘膦棉花品系DT-1～DT-18为研究对象，在新疆阿拉尔市第一师十团试验田喷洒质量浓度4.1 g·L^－1草甘膦进行相关抗性表现调查。筛选出了高产且主要营养器官和生殖器官均抗草甘膦的材料DT-2和DT-6，为棉田杂草防除和抗除草剂棉花品种的选育提供材料；同时还筛选出具有主要营养器官高抗草甘膦但花粉敏感的材料DT-8和DT-9，这为不育新材料的利用提供了可能性。     

集装箱多式联运的多维数据分析与数据挖掘

在对集装箱多式联运各环节进行深入分析基础上，基于雪花型架构构建了多式联运多维数据库，在此基础上对其进行多维数据分析，进而对多维数据库中的数据进行了数据挖掘．前端展示证明了该技术运用于集装箱多式联运信息处理的可行性和有效性，可为集装箱多式联运提供决策支持．     

密集烘烤后期不同风机转速对烤后烟叶内在品质的影响

为探索当前密集烘烤过程里循环风机不同转速对烤后烟叶内在品质的影响,分析烘烤后期循环风机转速与烟叶香吃味之间的关系,试验以烟草品种南江3号中部叶为材料,研究了干筋期烟叶烘烤循环风机转速对烤后烟叶主要化学成分协调性和评吸质量的影响.结果表明,烘烤开始至52℃范围内风机转速采用1 450 r/min、52～60℃范围内风机转速采用960 r/min、60～65℃至烘烤结束风机转速采用720r/min进行通风,可以提高烤后烟叶内在品质,促进化学成分协调性,有利于石油醚提取物含量的积累,能够明显改善烤后烟叶的香吃味.     

Using the concept of ecological groundwater level to evaluate shallow groundwater resources in hyperarid desert regions

This paper,based on the analysis and calculation of the groundwater resources in an arid region from 1980 to 2001,put forward the concept of ecological groundwater level threshold for either salinity c...     

报废汽车回收拆解的绿色无害化管理

对我国报废汽车回收拆解过程中的生产者责任、回收拆解企业要求和零部件再制造进行了分析讨论,在此基础上提出了报废汽车回收拆解过程中的绿色无害化管理的改进意见和建议.     

利用模糊数学方法预测秋白菜适宜收获期

依据秋白菜受冻的日最低气温指标,利用本溪市1957～2008年逐日最低气温资料,应用模糊数学隶属度函数预测日最低≤-7℃的初日趋势,建立多元回归模型预测日最低气温≤-7℃初日,为指导秋白菜适时收获、合理安排上期提供科学的气象依据。     

联合运输机设计忽视的因素

联合运输机组的滚筒出河机在设计，试验研究过程中都忽视了原木重心与原木形心位置不一致的因素。它促使较在径级原木在滚筒出河机上打横，造成停机。