Developments in the Location of Selected Computer-Related Industries in the united states

This study focuses upon changes in three computer-related industries between 1974 and 1985. An attempt is made by means of entropy indices and shift-share analysis to determine if diffusion in those industries conforms to the product-cycle model. We employ primarily state-level data derived from County Business Patterns and supplemented by US. Censuses of Manufacturing and Services. Our findings indicate that all the industries displayed substantial increases in employment and considerable dispersion, although by no means were the changes uniform. The hypothesis that the dispersion is following the product-cycle model, that is, from core areas to peripheral regions, receives little support from this study. The model, however, should not be rejected out of hand, because all three industries studied have a duality in the size of firms that the data masks. This duality may affect the applicability of any model. Further attempts to explain the spatial distribution of any of these industries should begin with disintegrated data. Unfortunately such data are not presently easily attainable.     

Gunshot Fractures of Extremities: Classification, Management, and Complications

Fifteen clinical cases of gunshot fractures were studied. A radiographic classification of the fractures was developed to aid in fracture evaluation. Type I fractures involved a simple transverse or oblique fracture with minimal soft tissue damage. Type II fractures were severely comminuted with no cortical bone defect and minimal soft tissue damage. Type III fractures were "shatter" fractures, characterized by severe comminution, cortical bone defects, and extensive soft tissue damage. Type I and Type II fractures (combined 26.7%) healed in 8 weeks or less. Eleven of the 15 cases evaluated (73.3%) were found to be Type III fractures, requiring more than 14 weeks for complete cortical healing. Osteomyelitis was associated with 3 cases of Type III tibial fractures, 2 of which developed after a second surgical intervention. Management, complications, and prognosis of gunshot fractures are discussed.     

VIRTUAL CT OTOSCOPY OF THE MIDDLE EAR AND OSSICLES IN DOGS

Virtual otoscopy enables noninvasive 3D endoluminal imaging of the middle ear through postprocessing of computed tompgraphy (CT) data. A standardized imaging approach for the middle ear was established in six normal dogs in an attempt to optimize the clinical application and student education. High‐resolution CT data were obtained. Virtual otoscopic images of the middle ear cavity and ossicles were generated using commercially available software. The views of the four different directions (the ear canal, tympanic bulla, eustachian tube, and ossicular chain) were made for virtual otoscopy. The promontory, cochlea window, tympanic bulla, septum bulla, and auditory tube were distinguished easily and clearly. One of the ossicles, the malleus, was visualized accurately. However, small structures such as the incus and stapes always could not be seen. The main advantage of virtual otoscopy is not only to provide diagnostic information but also to enhance the quality and efficiency of student education, because it contributes to an understanding of the anatomy of the middle ear. We describe the normal topographical 3Dimages of the middle ear of the dog using virtual otoscopy.     

Effect of placenta feeding to sows on plasma biochemical composition and growth of their piglets

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects on the plasma biochemical composition and growth of piglets of placenta‐fed sows. The experimental animals were a total of 21 sows (L × LW) of third parity, and each sow was suckled by 11 ± 1 piglets. Sows fed without placenta were considered as the control (C), treatment 1 (T1) were placenta‐fed from days 1–7 after farrowing and treatment 2 (T2) were placenta‐fed from day 7 before farrowing to day 7 after farrowing. Glucose of piglets was lower (P < 0.05) in T2 than C and T1 on day 10. Total cholesterol of piglets was higher (P < 0.05) in T2 than C on day 4. Fe of piglets was higher (P < 0.05) in T2 than C on days 4, 20 and 30. Unsaturated iron‐binding capacity was lower (P < 0.05) in T2 than C on days 4 and 30. Immunoglobulin G of piglets was higher (P < 0.05) in T1 and T2 than C on days 4 and 10. Daily gain of piglets was higher (P < 0.05) in T1 than C and T2 on day 4 when daily gain was calculated. Total daily gain increased (P < 0.05) by prolongation of placenta feeding period. The results indicate that feeding placenta to sows may improve the plasma biochemical composition and growth of their piglets.     

红参加工中皂苷的脱羧降解反应及其产物的研究

从鲜人参中提取分离出天然皂苷,模拟红参加工工艺过程,探讨红参加工中天然皂苷成分转化过程,以揭示出皂苷成分转化机理。方法：将红参粉以甲醇提取,乙醚脱脂,正丁醇萃取;水层通过大孔树脂（Ｄ１０１型）吸附,水洗除去水溶性发质和糖分。再经过硅胶柱层析和阳离子交换树脂柱层析,获得丙二酸单酰基人参皂苷。模拟红参加工工艺过程得转化物,对该转化物进行分离鉴定,诸如化学试验、ＩＲ、ＦＤ－ＭＳ等仪器分析。结果表明：从鲜人参中分离出丙二酸单酰基人参皂苷－Ｒｂ２和－Ｒｂ２等皂苷,通过模拟红参加工试验发现在７５℃烘干过程,丙二酸单酰基人参皂苷－Ｒｂ２转化为乙酰基人参皂苷－Ｒｂ２,即人参皂苷Ｒｓ１。结论：人参皂苷Ｒｓ１是红参加工烘干阶段产生的,对其分解产物的分析有二氧化碳放出,说明该反应是丙二酸单酰基人参皂苷上的丙二元到遇热发生脱羧降解反应     

甲基营养型芽孢杆菌NKG-1可湿性粉剂的制备及药效研究

为了制备甲基营养型芽孢杆菌NKG-1可湿性粉剂,评价其防病促生效果。试验以NKG-1为试材,通过筛选载体和助剂,利用混料设计确定可湿性粉剂的最优配方,并进行药效测定。结果表明：NKG-1可湿性粉剂的最佳载体为白炭黑,最佳助剂为烷基萘磺酸盐甲醛缩聚物和嵌段共聚物混合物(Morwet D-500)及烷基萘磺酸盐(Petro AA)。混料设计确定了最优质量配比为：白炭黑：Morwet D-500：Petro AA=72:16:12。药效试验结果表明：NKG-1可湿性粉剂100倍液处理番茄植株后,其鲜重、干重、株高以及根长分别较对照增加了53.34%、61.01%、88.02%、78.53%,对番茄灰霉病的平均防治效果高达82.02%。本研究确定了甲基营养型芽孢杆菌NKG-1可湿性粉剂的最优配比,评测了制剂的药效,为NKG-1的生产应用奠定了试验基础。