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61.
Leandro G. Franco Carlos Henrique M. Wilges Daniel P. Junior Sofia A. Cerejo Lilian T. Nishimura Isabela P. Bittar 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2018,45(3):250-259
Objective
To evaluate the effects of ketamine continuous rate infusions (CRI) at two dose rates on cardiovascular function and serum creatine kinase MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) and troponin I in healthy conscious dogs.Study design
Experimental, prospective, crossover, randomized, blinded study.Animals
Eight adult mixed-breed dogs, aged 6 ± 1 years and weighing 19 ± 8.6 kg (mean ± standard deviation).Methods
Dogs were administered an intravenous bolus of ketamine (0.5 mg kg?1) followed by a ketamine CRI for 12 hours (20 μg kg?1 minute?1; treatment TC20 or 40 μg kg?1 minute?1; treatment TC40). Sedation, heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), electrocardiographic and echocardiographic parameters were evaluated at baseline (T0) and 1 (T1), 2 (T2), 4 (T4), 8 (T8), 12 (T12) and 24 (T24) hours after ketamine infusion started. Serum concentrations of CK-MB and troponin I were measured at baseline and 12, 24 and 48 hours after infusion started.Results
HR increased over the first 4 hours, significantly at T1 in TC20 and at T4 in TC40 when compared with T0 (p < 0.05). MAP was significantly increased at T2 in TC40 when compared with TC20. Behavioral changes, such as stereotypical head movements and twitches, occurred within 4 hours in TC40. There were no significant changes in echocardiographic examinations in any dog when compared with baseline. There were no temporal changes in serum CK-MB activity either within or between treatments (p > 0.05). No troponin I was detected in any sample.Conclusions and clinical relevance
No indication of myocardial injury resulting from ketamine infusion was detected in this study in healthy dogs. Further studies are needed to assess the ketamine infusion effects on antinociception and other organ function not evaluated in the present study. 相似文献62.
Hisashi Nishiwaki Yoshiaki Nakagawa David Y Takeda Atsushi Okazawa Miki Akamatsu Hisashi Miyagawa Tamio Ueno Keiichiro Nishimura 《Pest management science》2000,56(10):875-881
Variously substituted benzyl derivatives of chloronicotinyl insecticides were synthesized with a wide range of substituents including halogens, NO2, CN, CF3 and small alkyl and alkoxy groups at the ortho, meta and para positions, as well as multiple‐substituted benzyl analogues. Their binding activity to the α‐bungarotoxin binding site in housefly (Musca domestica) head membrane preparations was measured. Among the compounds tested, the activity of the meta‐CN derivative was the highest, being 20–100 times higher than those of imidacloprid, acetamiprid and nitenpyram. The synergized insecticidal activity against houseflies was also measured for selected compounds with the metabolic inhibitor, NIA16388 (propargyl propyl phenylphosphonate). For the nitromethylene analogues, including both benzyl and pyridylmethyl analogues, higher binding activity usually resulted in higher insecticidal activity. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
63.
Atsushi Okazawa Miki Akamatsu Akira Ohoka Hisashi Nishiwaki Won-Jea Cho Yoshiaki Nakagawa Keiichiro Nishimura Tamio Ueno 《Pest management science》1998,54(2):134-144
The binding activity of imidacloprid and related compounds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) of house flies was measured by use of radioactive α-bungarotoxin as a ligand. Variations in the activity were examined three-dimensionally using comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA). The CoMFA results suggest that one conformer among the four stable ones is active and provide support for one of the proposed binding models for this class of compound, in which the nitrogen atom of the pyridine ring and the nitrogen atom at the 1-position of the imidazolidine ring interact with the hydrogen-donating and electron-rich sites of nAChR, respectively. The CoMFA field map showed that the nitroimino moiety and a portion of the imidazolidine ring were mainly surrounded by a sterically and electrostatically sensitive region of nAChR. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
64.
Effects of DDT-type compounds including 1,1-bis(para-substituted phenyl)-2,2-dichlorocyclopropanes (DCC-series compounds) on sodium currents in crayfish giant axons were measured under voltage-clamp conditions. Variations in the activity to prolong the tail-current that was observed upon step repolarization of the membrane were quantitatively analysed by use of physicochemical parameters of aromatic substituents and regression analysis. Introduction of lengthy and narrow substituents was favourable to the activity. Variations in the activity were parabolically related to the hydrophobicity, optimum value being around that of H. DDT- and prolan-series compounds were 2–3 times more active than DCC-series compounds when other structural factors were the same. Insecticidal activity of the compounds was linearly correlated with the tail-current activity when the hydrophobic factor was separately considered. The insecticidal activity of DDT-series compounds was 2·5 times higher than that of others when the other factors were the same. © 1997 SCI. 相似文献
65.
Riaz Hasan Keiichiro Nishimura Yoshiaki Nakagawa Norio Kurihara Tamio Ueno 《Pest management science》1996,46(3):221-225
N-Arylcarbamoylpyrazolines with various substituents at the para position of the carbamoyl benzene ring inhibited ATP-dependent Ca2+-uptake in synaptosomes prepared from the rat brain. The activity of these compounds was evaluated as log(1/I50), the reciprocal logarithm of half inhibitory concentration, I50 (m ), from the concentration–response curve for the inhibition of Ca2+-uptake. Among the compounds tested, methyl 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1-[N-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)carbamoyl]-2-pyrazoline-4-carboxylate was the most potent, the I50 value of which as 9·12×10−7 m . Variations in the activity in terms of log(1/I50) were quantitatively analysed using a substituent parameter, showing that the higher the electron-withdrawing effect of the substituent, the higher was the activity. The substituent effects were similar to those on insecticidal activity against the Americal cockroach. The higher the inhibitory activity against Ca2+ uptake, the higher seemed to be the insecticidal activity. Methyl(4S) - 3 - (4 - chlorophenyl) - 4 - methyl - 1 - [N - (4 - chlorophenyl)carbamoyl] - 2 - pyrazoline -4-carboxylate had higher inhibitory activity against Ca2+-uptake and higher in-secticidal activity than the R-isomer, but the difference was greater in theCa2+-uptake system. 相似文献
66.
Tomoko Suzuki Shougo Nishimura Kazuhiro Yagi Ryousuke Nakamura Yoshihiro Takikawa Yoshinori Matsuda Koji Kakutani Teruo Nonomura 《Phytoparasitica》2018,46(1):31-43
The lengths of conidiophores in fungal colonies of the melon powdery mildew pathogen Podosphaera xanthii Pollacci KMP-6 N cultured under greenhouse (natural) conditions differed markedly from those cultured in a growth chamber. We hypothesized that light wavelength was responsible for the differences in conidiophore length. In this study, we examined the effects of light-emitting diode (LED) irradiation (purple, blue, green, orange, and red light) and white light on colony development and conidiophore formation in KMP-6 N using a stereomicroscope and a high-fidelity digital microscope. Colonies on leaves were flat under greenhouse conditions and under red LED light irradiation but were stacked under growth chamber conditions and under purple, blue, green, and orange LED light irradiation. In addition, KMP-6 N formed catenated conidia comprising six conidia per conidiophore under greenhouse conditions and red light but more than seven conidia per conidiophore under growth chamber conditions and purple, blue, green, and orange light. Furthermore, almost none of the conidia on top of the conidiophores grown under blue light were fully constricted. Therefore, these fungi could not scatter their conidia and spread infection. This is the first report of the effects of LED lights on conidiophore formation in the melon powdery mildew fungus P. xanthii. The results provide insight into the mechanisms underlying the responses of conidiophores to light of specific wavelengths and conidial scatter from conidiophores of melon powdery mildew fungi. 相似文献
67.
Hideo Ishii Junko Tanoue Michiyo Oshima Wen-Hsin Chung Kumiko Nishimura Junichiro Yamaguchi Fumihiro Nemoto Kazuhiro So Toshitaka Iwama Hideaki Yoshimatsu Motoshige Shimizu Toru Kozawa 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2008,74(6):409-416
Fungicide resistance in plant pathogens is often caused by a single point mutation in a gene encoding fungicide target proteins.
Such is the case for resistance to MBI-D (inhibitors of scytalone dehydratase in melanin biosynthesis) fungicides in rice
blast fungus (Magnaporthe oryzae), which is caused by a mutation in the scytalone dehydratase gene that results in a replacement of valine with methionine
at codon 75 of the fungicide target protein. PCR-Luminex, a novel system developed for high-throughput analysis of single
nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was successfully introduced to diagnose MBI-D resistance using specific oligonucleotide probes
coupled with fluorescent beads. The PCR-Luminex system was further tested for its potential in identifying species causing
Fusarium head blight on wheat. Four major pathogens, Fusarium graminearum (=F. asiaticum), F. culmorum, F. avenaceum, and Microdochium nivale, known to cause the disease, were tested, and the species were identified using the PCR-Luminex method. So far, this report
is the first on the application of the DNA-based PCR-Luminex system in the area of crop protection and/or agricultural sciences. 相似文献
68.
Genetic analysis and PCR-based identification of major <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fusarium</Emphasis> species causing head blight on wheat in Japan 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Wen-Hsin Chung Hideo Ishii Kumiko Nishimura Michiyo Ohshima Toshitaka Iwama Hideaki Yoshimatsu 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2008,74(5):364-374
Identifying the Fusarium species cause Fusarium head blight (FHB) and produces mycotoxins in wheat and other cereal is difficult and time consuming because of confusing
phenotypic classification systems. In Japan, the F. graminearum complex, F. culmorum, F. avenaceum, and Microdochium nivale predominantly cause FHB. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 5.8S of rDNA, a partial sequence of β-tubulin and mitochondrial
cytochrome b (cytb) genes of the four species were PCR-amplified and analyzed. On the basis of the ITS, β-tubulin and cytb sequences, F. avenaceum and M. nivale are distinct from the F. graminearum complex and F. culmorum, whereas the F. graminearum complex is closely related to F. culmorum. Moreover, thiophanate–methyl-resistant isolates of the F. graminearum complex and F. culmorum did not have an amino acid substitution at amino acid codon 198 or 200 of β-tubulin. In contrast, very highly or highly thiophanate–methyl-resistant
isolates of M. nivale had Glu (GAG) substituted with Ala (GCG) or Lys (AAG) at codon 198, respectively. The allele-specific PCR assay was used
to identify the F. graminearum complex and F. culmorum, and these Fusarium species could be distinguished rapidly. 相似文献
69.
Haruo Yamaguchi Yuko Tanimoto Takamichi Yoshimatsu Shinya Sato Tomohiro Nishimura Keita Uehara Masao Adachi 《Fisheries Science》2012,78(5):993-1000
Blooms of toxic dinoflagellates of the genus Ostreopsis, which is known as a producer of palytoxin (PTX) analogs, may pose a threat to human health in tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions around the world. In the present study, we established a suitable culture method for Ostreopsis spp. isolated from Japanese coastal waters and characterized their growth potential using the method to discuss their bloom dynamics. Each clonal strain of Ostreopsis cf. ovata, Ostreopsis sp.?1, Ostreopsis sp.?5, and Ostreopsis sp.?6 was incubated in 25?×?150?mm test tubes with a flat bottom containing various kinds of medium. Since Ostreopsis spp. strains grew well in IMK and/or f/2 media, we selected these media for cultivation of all the Ostreopsis spp. isolates. Growth rates of O. cf. ovata (0.834?divisions/day), Ostreopsis sp.?1 (0.619?divisions/day), and Ostreopsis sp.?6 (1.04?divisions/day) that produce PTX analogs significantly differed (p?<?0.05) respectively and are clearly higher than those of other reported epiphytic dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus toxicus, Prorocentrum lima, and Coolia monotis cultures, which suggest that these species have ecological advantages to predominate through the algal succession in Japanese coastal waters, resulting in a potential risk to human health in this region. 相似文献
70.
Cardiopulmonary and sedative effects of intravenous or epidural methadone in conscious dogs
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B. H. B. Vieira L. T. Nishimura L. L. Carvalho A. Auckburally E. Mattos‐Junior 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2017,40(6):e65-e68
Cardiopulmonary and sedative effects of intravenous or epidural methadone were compared. Six beagles were randomly assigned to group MIV (methadone 0.5 mg/kg IV + NaCl 0.9% epidurally) or MEP (methadone 0.5 mg/kg epidurally + NaCl 0.9% IV). Cardiopulmonary, blood gas and sedation were assessed at time (T) 0, 15, 30, 60, 120, 240 and 480 min after drug administration. Compared to T0, heart rate decreased at T15–T120 in MIV (p < .001) and T15–T240 in MEP (p < .05); mean arterial pressure was reduced at T15–T60 in MEP (p < .01); respiratory rate was higher at T15 and T30 in both groups (p < .05); pH was lower at T15–T120 in MIV (p < .01) and T15, T30 and T120 in MEP (p < .05); PaCO2 was higher at T15–T60 in MIV (p < .01) and T15, T30 and T120 in MEP (p < .01); sedation scores were higher at T15 and T30 in MIV and T15–T60 in MEP (p < .05). At T120 and T240, sedation score was higher in group MEP compared with group MIV (p < .01) In conclusion, cardiopulmonary and sedative effects of identical methadone doses are similar when administered IV or epidurally to conscious healthy dogs. 相似文献