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121.
Yuria UMEMURA Ryosuke MIYAMOTO Rie HASHIMOTO Kyoko KINOSHITA Takuya OMOTEHARA Daichi NAGAHARA Tetsushi HIRANO Naoto KUBOTA Kiichi MINAMI Shogo YANAI Natsumi MASUDA Hideto YUASA Youhei MANTANI Eiko MATSUO Toshifumi YOKOYAMA Hiroshi KITAGAWA Nobuhiko HOSHI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(12):1587-1598
Mammalian sexual fate is determined by the presence or absence of sex determining
region of the Y chromosome (Sry) in the “bipotential” gonads.
Recent studies have demonstrated that both male and female sexual development are induced
by distinct and active genetic pathways. Breeding the Y chromosome from Mus m.
domesticus poschiavinus (POS) strains into C57BL/6J (B6J) mice
(B6J-XYPOS) has been shown to induce sex reversal (75%: bilateral ovary, 25%:
true hermaphrodites). However, our B6N-XYPOS mice, which were generated by
backcrossing of B6J-XYPOS on an inbred B6N-XX, develop as males (36%: bilateral
testis with fertility as well as bilateral ovary (34%), and the remainder develop as true
hermaphrodites. Here, we investigated in detail the expressions of essential sex-related
genes and histological features in B6N-XYPOS mice from the fetal period to
adulthood. The onsets of both Sry and SRY-box 9 (Sox9) expressions as determined
spatiotemporally by whole-mount immunohistochemistry in the B6N-XYPOS gonads
occurred 2–3 tail somites later than those in B6N-XYB6 gonads, but earlier than
those in B6J-XYPOS, respectively. It is possible that such a small difference
in timing of the Sry expression underlies testicular development in our
B6N-XYPOS. Our study is the first to histologically show the expression and
ectopic localization of a female-related gene in the XYPOS testes and a
male-related gene in the XYPOS ovaries. The results from these and previous
experiments indicate that the interplay between genome variants, epigenetics and
developmental gene regulation is crucial for testis development. 相似文献
122.
Naoto Hashimoto Takahiro Noda Sun-Ju Kim Md Zaidul Islam Sarker Hiroaki Yamauchi Shigenobu Takigawa Chie Matsuura-Endo Tatsuro Suzuki Kyu-Ho Han Michihiro Fukushima 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2009,64(3):193-198
To investigate whether yam improves glucose metabolism, yam-containing diets were given to Wistar rats. In a short-term experiment,
fasted-rats were given 1.0 g of a control and 20% yam-containing diets. At 60 min after start of the feeding, glucose level
in the yam diet group was lower or tended to be lower than that in the control diet. Insulin levels at 30 min and 60 min were
significantly lower than those in the control group. In a long-term experiment, a normal diet (N) or 25% high fat diets with
(Y) or without 15% yam powder (HF) were given to rats for 4 weeks. At 4 weeks, in an oral glucose tolerance test, the area
under the curve (AUC) of plasma glucose level was higher in the HF group than that in the N group, whereas those in the Y
groups did not differ from that in the N group. Glycosylated hemoglobin levels had similar tendency to the AUCs. Plasma leptin
levels in the Y groups were significantly higher than that in the N group. In conclusion, yam may contribute to improvement
of glucose metabolism. Additionally, we speculated that leptin level is possibly involved in the insulin-response to yam diets. 相似文献
123.
A detection method specific for Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the pathogen responsible for bacterial blight of rice, was based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and designed by amplifying
the 16S–23S rDNA spacer region from this bacterium. The nucleotide sequence of the spacer region between the 16S and 23S rDNA,
consisting of approximately 580-bp, from X. oryzae pv. oryzae, X. campestris pv. alfalfae, X. campestris pv. campestris, X. campestris pv. cannabis, X. campestris pv. citri, X. campestris pv. cucurbitae, X. campestris pv. pisi, X. campestris pv. pruni and X. campestris pv. vitians, was determined. The determined sequences had more than 95% identity. Therefore, a pair of primers, XOR-F (5′-GCATGACGTCATCGTCCTGT-3′)
and XOR-R2 (5′-CTCGGAGCTATATGCCGTGC-3′) was designed and found to specifically amplify a 470-bp fragment from all strains
of X. oryzae pv. oryzae isolated from diverse regions in Japan. No PCR product was amplified from X. campestris pathovars alfalfae, campestris, cannabis, carotae, cucurbitae, dieffenbachiae, glycines, pisi, pruni, vitians or zantedeschiae, except for pathovars citri, incanae and zinniae. The method could also detect the pathogen in infected rice leaves within 3 hr, at a detection limit of 4×101 cfu/ml.
Received 17 December 1999/ Accepted in revised form 10 April 2000 相似文献
124.
125.
为了解氟菌唑类杀菌剂对大麦白粉病的防治效果,采用大麦胚芽鞘表层细胞进行人工接种和连续性显微观察,研究了氟菌唑对大麦白粉病菌(Blumeria graminis f.sp.hordei)分生孢子侵染过程的影响.结果表明,在接菌后0h、2h、5h、8h进行药剂处理,分生孢子的发芽率、附着孢发芽管形成率、附着孢形成率、侵入行动率和感染率均明显下降.该药剂影响病菌吸器形成后的菌丝生长发育,使菌体死亡率最高可达91.5%.接菌后144 h喷药的效果差,故发病后应尽早药剂治疗. 相似文献
126.
Akira Fukushima Takami Hayashi Hisatoshi Ohta Ryota Kaji Narifumi Yokogami Naoto Tsuda 《Plant Production Science》2017,20(1):149-155
This study was conducted to clarify the relationship between the number of pollen grains per anther and spikelet fertility under low temperature conditions in the rice cultivars and lines including lines with quantitative trait loci (QTL) for cold tolerance, adapted to the Tohoku region of northern Japan. Cold-water treatment decreased anther length, the number of pollen grains per anther, and spikelet fertility in all cultivars and lines. The number of pollen grains was proportional to anther length in all cultivars and lines and under all temperatures. Spikelet fertility decreased with decreasing the number of pollen grains in cold-water treatments at 18.5 and 19.3?°C. ‘Ouu 415’, with the qLTB3 QTL for cold tolerance, had 28% more pollen grains and 9% higher spikelet fertility than the recurrent parent, ‘Hitomebore’, in the 18.5?°C cold-water treatment, suggesting that qLTB3 increased both parameters. Lines with the qCTB8 QTL for cold tolerance had significantly more pollen grains in two of the three years and significantly higher spikelet fertility in all three years in the 19.3?°C cold-water treatment, suggesting that qCTB8 reinforced cold tolerance. Ctb1, a proposed cold-tolerance QTL, had no effect on the number of pollen grains or spikelet fertility. In conclusion, the cultivars and lines with more pollen grains had a higher cold tolerance. Some of QTLs were inferred to increase the number of pollen grains and reinforce cold tolerance. 相似文献
127.
Naoto Hashimoto Takahiro Noda Sun-Ju Kim Hiroaki Yamauchi Shigenobu Takigawa Chie Matsuura-Endo Tatsuro Suzuki Kyu-Ho Han Michihiro Fukushima 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2010,65(3):266-270
Rats fed a diet containing Shadow Queen (SQ), an anthocyanin-rich potato cultivar, previously showed an increase in the hepatic
superoxide dismutase (SOD)-2 mRNA level. We investigated whether an extract of SQ would directly increase the hepatic SOD-2
mRNA level in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, we estimated the intracellular signaling pathway for the induction of SOD-2 mRNA expression.
HepG2 cells were stimulated using extracts of four crops, including SQ, for 12 h; only extracts of colored potatoes induced
SOD-2 mRNA expression significantly. This induction of SOD-2 mRNA expression was blocked by an inhibitor of the extracellular
signal-related kinase (ERK) 1/2 pathway. Furthermore, an extract of SQ increased the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 after 15 or
30 min of stimulation. These data indicate that an extract of SQ directly induces hepatic SOD-2 mRNA expression via activation
of ERK1/2 pathway in HepG2 cells. 相似文献
128.
129.
Hui Chen Atsushi Tamai Masashi Mori Masashi Ugaki Yoshikazu Tanaka Partha P. Samadder Akio Miyao Hirohiko Hirochika Naoto Yamaoka Masamichi Nishiguchi 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2010,76(2):152-160
RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RDRs) play a key role in various RNA silencing pathways in many organisms. Using the nucleotide
sequence of SGS2/SDE1/RDR6 in Arabidopsis as the search query for sequences that flank the insertions of rice retrotransposon Tos17, we selected rice mutant lines (OsRDR1). RT-PCR analysis showed that OsRDR1 mRNA was undetectable in leaves and calli of the mutants, while it was detected in wild type. RNA silencing was induced by
particle bombardment to investigate any effects of OsRDR1 on RNA silencing with β-glucuronidase or green fluorescent protein DNA/RNA in the mutant lines. The results showed that RNA
silencing was impaired in these mutant lines by inverted repeat (IR) DNA or in vitro transcribed double-stranded RNA. Further,
the mutant lines were bombarded with Brome mosaic bromovirus (BMV, a ssRNA virus) or Wheat dwarf
geminivirus (WDV, a ssDNA virus), each carrying the IR sequence of a reporter gene. As a result, RNA silencing was impaired by BMV. Interestingly,
however, it was not impaired by WDV. Thus we propose that OsRDR1 is required for RNA silencing mediated by Bromovirus, but not by Geminivirus in this system. 相似文献
130.
Dai Kusumoto Hayato Masuya Kazuya Ohmura Naoto Kamata 《Journal of Forest Research》2012,17(4):393-396
This study was conducted to compare the virulences of various isolates of Raffaelea quercivora—a fungus that causes Japanese oak wilt disease—towards Japanese oak trees. Five isolates were collected from a wide range of Japan and inoculated into Quercus serrata logs and Q. crispula saplings. The tangential length of the discolored sapwood in the Q. serrata logs differed significantly among the isolates. The trend in isolate virulence was similar for the Q. serrata logs and the Q. crispula saplings. This is the first report suggesting that there is variability in virulence among isolates of R. quercivora. 相似文献