国外绿色农业科技信息资源建设与启示

分别从绿色农业科技信息网站、数据库、多媒体服务平台、科技咨询、研究机构和专业协会合作组织等几个方面深入研究了国外绿色农业科技信息资源建设情况及成功经验,提出了对北京市相关工作的对策建议。     

播量对水稻生长发育及干物质积累的影响

用盆栽方法进行播量对寒地水稻生长发育及干物质积累影响试验,结果表明:稀播的秧苗发根力强、分蘖多、茎基宽、充实度高。播量200g/m2的产量最高。     

“刘易斯—费景汉—拉尼斯”模型与二元结构下的乡镇企业发展

本文就“刘—费—拉”二元经济模型。提出我国乡镇企业发展模式，揭示其发展约束—金融市场缺憾，并就其发展前景作一初步探讨。     

Cardiopathological observation on a case of persistent ventricular tachycardia in a pony mare.

A 20-year-old pony mare with persistent ventricular tachycardia (VT) was examined cardiopathologically. At necropsy, the heart was enlarged and rounded with both ventricular dilatation. In a longitudinal section of the ventricular septum, a large grayish white patchy lesion (5 x 25 mm) was detected in the relatively higher portion. Microscopically, the lesion was extensive myocardial fibrosis located in the vicinity of the proximal part of the left bundle branch. Partially the fibrotic lesion was in contact with the branch. Such a lesion might play an important role in creating a suitable background for the development of VT via automaticity or reentry mechanism.     

Effects of predator-induced visual and olfactory cues on 0+ perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) foraging behaviour

Abstract –  Foraging juvenile fish with relatively high food demands are usually vulnerable to various aquatic and avian predators. To compromise between foraging and antipredator activity, they need exact and reliable information about current predation risk. Among direct predator-induced cues, visual and olfactory signals are considered to be most important. Food intake rates and prey-size selectivity of laboratory-reared, naive young-of-the-year (YOY) perch, Perca fluviatilis , were studied in experiments with Daphnia magna of two size classes: 2.8 and 1.3 mm as prey and northern pike, Esox lucius , as predator. Neither total intake rate nor prey-size selectivity was modified by predator kairomones alone (water from an aquarium with a pike was pumped into the test aquaria) under daylight conditions. Visual presentation of pike reduced total food intake by perch. This effect was significantly more pronounced (synergistic) when visual and olfactory cues were presented simultaneously to foraging perch. Moreover, the combination of cues caused a significant shift in prey-size selection, expressed as a reduced proportion of large prey in the diet. Our observations demonstrate that predator-induced olfactory cues alone are less important modifiers of the feeding behaviour of naive YOY perch than visual cues under daylight conditions. However, pike odour acts as a modulatory stimulus enhancing the effects of visual cues, which trigger an innate response in perch.     

An evaluation of the pesera soil erosion model and its application to a case study in Zakynthos, Greece

Abstract. The Pan‐European Soil Erosion Risk Assessment (pesera ) model was evaluated using existing soil erosion data collected under various types of climate, vegetation, landscape and soil conditions. The data used represent a variety of typical Mediterranean land uses such as winter wheat, vines, olives and bare, stony land prevailing in hilly areas. Using this data, the model was calibrated for sediment transport by overland flow and results compared to measured soil erosion values from runoff plots and a watershed on a monthly basis. The performance of the model was assessed statistically, showing that it can be satisfactorily used for predicting soil erosion rates under the conditions included in the study. The overall model estimate including all the available experimental data was 0.69 t ha^?1 yr^?1 with a maximum error of 1.49 t ha^?1 yr^?1. After validation, the model was applied to a small watershed (60 ha) of great ecological importance for the sea turtle Caretta caretta. For this purpose, soil and vegetation maps were compiled from all the necessary data for applying the model. The model was run for three years using daily data from an existing nearby meteorological station. The predicted and measured soil erosion rates for a 7‐month period were 0.31 t and 0.18 t, respectively. Application of the model to each mapping unit showed the over‐riding importance of land use for sediment generation under the given climatic conditions. Bare land, occupying 5.5% of the watershed area, generated up to 69% of the total sediments estimated for the watershed. It is concluded that the pesera model can be used as a regional diagnostic tool under a range of soil, topographic and climatic conditions for identifying the best land use type and vegetation cover to protect hilly areas from soil erosion. The calculated overall root mean square error for the model is 0.06 t ha^?1 yr^?1, compared to a soil erosion rate of 0.04 t ha^?1 yr^?1, which can be tolerated for protecting the area for the sea turtle.     

需求不旺 供大于求 价格窄幅振荡趋跌——2006年第一季度豆粕市场回顾与第二季度展望

1第一季度豆粕市场回顾 2006年第一季度，国内豆粕市场波澜不惊，总体处于窄幅震荡的格局（如图1），产区均价震荡区间在2502～2244元／t。期间，市场尽管也曾出现过对南美大豆产量的担心而引起指数基金重新介入、美国2006—2007年度大豆播种面积预期等因素的热炒，但是随着南美大豆产量的最终确定，市场逐步回归供需基本面，完全笼罩在空头氛围中，本阶段买卖双方市场心理截然不同，豆粕市场产生了新的特征。2006年第一季度豆粕市场有如下几个特点：     

Evaluation of Corn Gluten Feed as a Dietary Ingredient for Pond-Raised Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus

Abstract.— This study was conducted to evaluate corn gluten feed as an alternative feedstuff in the diet of pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus . Three 32%-protein diets containing 0%, 25%, or 50% corn gluten feed were tested. Channel catfish fingerlings (average weight: 57 g/fish) were stocked into 15 0.04-ha ponds at a rate of 18,530 fish/ha. Five ponds were used for each dietary treatment. Fish were fed to satiation once daily for a 147-d growing period. No differences were observed in feed consumption, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, survival, or fillet protein concentration among fish fed the test diets. Fish fed diets containing 25% and 50% corn gluten feed exhibited a lower level of visceral fat and a higher carcass yield than fish fed the control diet without corn gluten feed. The diet containing 50% corn gluten feed resulted in a lower level of fillet fat and a higher level of moisture than the control diet. There were no visible differences in the coloration of skin or fillet of channel catfish fed diets with and without corn gluten feed. Results from this study indicated that channel catfish can efficiently utilize corn gluten feed at levels up to 50%n without adverse effect on feed palatability, weight gain, or feed efficiency. Corn gluten feed may be beneficial in reducing fattiness of channel catfish and improving carcass yield by reducing the digestible energy to protein ratio of the diet.     

中国奶牛养殖供应链过程及综合效益分析

养殖业是农业的重要组成部分,也是农民增加收入的主要途径,而奶牛养殖是近年来少有的农牧黄金产业,同时也是乳品工业良好发展的基础。奶牛养殖属于节粮、经济、高效的产业,有利于农业产业结构调整和畜牧业内部结构调整,可以有效促进农村经济发展,增加农民收入。各地在发展奶牛养殖业时要结合当地的实际情况,有计划地进行,规模要适度。     

清温败毒饮治疗链球菌病的探讨

中医的清瘟败毒饮有清热解毒、泻火凉血的功效，是现代医学治疗传染病出现热毒炽盛征候的常用方剂，本文即从该方治疗猪链球菌病的临床休会，结合现代医学对本方的认识和研究成果，对本方的作用机理进行阐述，证实了该方确有较强的抗菌作用和明显的退热作用。不仅对兽医临床有指导意义，而且为现代兽医学进一步研究和筛选防治动物传染病的抗菌、抗病毒的中草药及方剂提供了思路。 １９９９年１１月，我乡与潜山、岳西两县交界的几个村发生了以高热、高死亡率为特征的传染病，根据流行病学、剖检变化、临床诊断为猪链球菌病。由于政府重视，…