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161.
S. Le Bouquin J.L. Jobert G. Larour L. Balaine F. Eono S. Boucher A. Huneau V. Michel 《Livestock Science》2009,125(2-3):283-290
Epizootic Rabbit Enteropathy (ERE) is a severe clinical syndrome of rabbits causing high economic losses for farmers. ERE first appeared in France in 1996. A retrospective case–control survey was carried out to identify the risk factors of acute expression of ERE, after weaning, in 96 kindling-to-finish rabbit farms in western France during 2001 and 2002. Farm status was defined according to the expression of clinical signs of ERE and mortality rates in the last five broiler rabbit batches. Comparisons of structural characteristics, rearing conditions and herd management showed that the risk factors for acute ERE expression were late weaning (rabbit age at weaning ≥ 35 days, RR = 4.44, 95% CI [1.36–21.71]), transfer of young rabbits at weaning (young rabbit transfer or combined practice RR = 2.83, 95% CI [1.16–9.33]), and high volume of the fattening room (air volume/rabbit weight in fattening room at weaning ≥ 0.14m3/kg, RR = 2.98, 95% CI [1.29–8.42]) and a high mortality rate in young rabbits before weaning (i.e. rate ≥ 10.5%; RR = 2.18, 95% CI [1.20–3.53]). 相似文献
162.
Fourty‐one soil samples from the “Eternal Rye” long‐term experiment in Halle, Germany, were used to test the usefulness of near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to differentiate between C derived from C3 and C4 plants by using the isotopic signature (δ13C) and to predict the pools considered in the Rothamsted Carbon (RothC) model, i.e., decomposable plant material, resistant plant material, microbial biomass, humified organic matter, and inert organic matter. All samples were scanned in the visible‐light and near‐infrared region (400–2500 nm). Cross‐validation equations were developed using the whole spectrum (first to third derivative) and a modified partial least‐square regression method. δ13C values and all pools of the RothC model were successfully predicted by NIRS as reflected by RSC values (ratio between standard deviation of the laboratory results and standard error of cross‐validation) ranging from 3.2 to 3.4. Correlations analysis indicated that organic C can be excluded as basis for the successful predictions by NIRS in most cases, i.e., 11 out of 16. 相似文献
163.
Julie Gombert Frédérik Le Dily Jérémy Lothier Philippe Etienne Laurence Rossato Jean‐Michel Allirand Alexandra Jullien Alexandre Savin Alain Ourry 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2010,173(6):875-884
In order to optimize nitrogen (N) fertilization and to reduce the environmental impact of oilseed rape without decreasing yield, a clearer understanding of N dynamics inside the plant is crucial. The present investigation therefore aimed to study the effects of different N‐application rates on the dynamics of N uptake, partitioning, and remobilization. The experiment was conducted on winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L. cv. Capitol) under three levels of N input (0, 100, and 200 kg N ha–1) from stem elongation to maturity using 15N‐labeling technique to distinguish between N uptake and N retranslocation in the plant. Nitrogen fertilization affected the time‐course of N uptake and also the allocation of N taken up from flowering to maturity. Most pod N came from N remobilization, and leaves accounted for the largest source of remobilized N regardless the N‐application rate. However, the contribution of leaves to the remobilized N pool increased with the N dose whereas the one of taproot decreased. Stems were the main sink for remobilized N from stem elongation to flowering. Leaves remained longer on N200 than on N0 and N100 plants, and N concentration in fallen leaves increased with the N treatment and in N100 plants along an axial gradient from the basal to the upper leaves. Overall, these results show that the timing of N supply is more crucial than the N amount to attain a high N efficiency. 相似文献
164.
Tineke Slootweg Michel Alvinerie Philipp Egeler Daniel Gilberg Jussi V. K. Kukkonen Jörg Oehlmann Carsten Prasse Arto J. Sormunen Markus Liebig 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2010,10(8):1611-1622
Purpose
Although ivermectin is a widely used lipophilic parasiticide, data on its potential bioaccumulation in aquatic invertebrates are scarce. In this study, bioaccumulation patterns of radiolabeled 3H-ivermectin from sediments into tissues of the sediment-dwelling worm Lumbriculus variegatus were investigated and assessed. 相似文献165.
166.
Anne Poszwa Bruno Ferry Benoît Pollie Catherine Grimaldi Pierre Charles-Dominique Michel Loubet Etienne Dambrine 《Annals of Forest Science》2009,66(5):512-512
167.
Rice improvement is based to an increasing extent on ever-sharper genetic analysis to the detriment of classical breeding,
which is disappearing. Analytical genetics are very promising, but they cannot replace integrated and finalized breeding.
Little attention has been paid to improving participatory rice breeding methods for subsequent integration into sustainable
cropping systems. Special methodological initiatives are required to ensure the success of this breeding-agronomy integration.
This integration of inexpensive breeding methods has increased the biodiversity of rice: low temperature and drought tolerant
upland rice varieties for mountain areas, and polyvalent varieties, which have the ability to grow in both rainfed or irrigated
conditions, they are perfectly adapted to improved cropping systems and to beneficiaries’ needs and preferences. These preliminary
results on this integration demonstrate that the present approach is relevant. 相似文献
168.
MAPP对麦秸纤维-聚丙烯复合材料热力学性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以麦秸纤维为增强材料、聚丙烯为基体物质、马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(MAPP)为改性剂,制备麦秸纤维-聚丙烯复合材料。利用DMA、DSC、TG和SEM,探讨了MAPP的添加量(质量百分比1%、2%、5%、10%)和麦秸纤维形态(9、9~28、28~35、35目)对麦秸纤维 聚丙烯复合材料的热力学性能和结晶性能的影响。结果表明:①当MAPP的添加量为2%时,麦秸纤维-聚丙烯复合材料的储能弹性模量减小;当MAPP的添加量增加到5%、10%时,复合材料的储能弹性模量增加。②在麦秸纤维-聚丙烯体系内添加MAPP后,麦秸纤维 聚丙烯复合材料的结晶温度提高约1℃,结晶度增加了4%~8%;麦秸纤维以28~35目的形态作为聚丙烯基体的增强材料时,其复合材料的结晶温度为122.7℃,结晶率达到45.8%。③麦秸纤维-聚丙烯复合材料的热分解峰温分别为355和460℃。④麦秸纤维以纤维束的形态分布在基体聚丙烯中起增强作用,在整个体系内,麦秸纤维局部团聚且断裂明显。添加MAPP后,有利于基体物质在麦秸纤维表面的均匀覆盖。 相似文献
169.
BACKGROUND
Preventive management of locust plagues works in some cases but still fails frequently. The role of funding institution awareness was suggested as a potential facilitating factor for cyclic locust plagues. We designed a multi‐agent system to represent the events of locust plague development and a management system with three levels: funding institution, national control unit and field teams. A sensitivity analysis identified the limits and improvements of the management system.RESULTS
The model generated cyclic locust plagues through a decrease in funding institution awareness. The funding institution could improve its impact by increasing its support by just a few percent. The control unit should avoid hiring too many field teams when plagues bring in money, in order to ensure that surveys can be maintained in times of recession. The more information the teams can acquire about the natural system, the more efficient they will be.CONCLUSION
We argue that anti‐locust management should be considered as a complex adaptive system. This not only would allow managers to prove to funders the random aspect of their needs, but would also enable funders and decision‐makers to understand and integrate their own decisions into the locust dynamics that still regularly affect human populations. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献170.
Jivago Schumacher de Oliveira Michel Brondani Evandro Sttoffels Mallmann Sérgio Luiz Jahn Edson Luiz Foletto Siara Silvestri 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2018,229(12):386
CoFe2O4/Zn2SnO4 composite was synthesized using a simple two-step process and applied as a novel-efficient photocatalyst for the rhodamine B degradation from aqueous solution. Characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), EDS analysis, and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy were employed in order to investigate the physical and chemical properties of composite. Higher values of the specific surface area, pore volume and diameter, and a smaller band-gap energy promoted a greater catalytic activity of CoFe2O4/Zn2SnO4 composite when compared to Zn2SnO4. A rapid decolorization of dye solution was observed at 40 min of reaction using the CoFe2O4/Zn2SnO4 catalyst, being 2.5 times faster than the Zn2SnO4 alone. Therefore, the CoFe2O4/Zn2SnO4 composite shows extraordinarily high photocatalytic activity toward the degradation of rhodamine B dye from aqueous solution. 相似文献