感染16型蓝舌病病毒后绵羊部分细胞因子消长特点研究

本试验旨在探明绵羊感染16型蓝舌病病毒（Bluetongue virus type 16,BTV16）后细胞因子IFN-γ、IL-2、IL-4和IL-10的消长特点。用实时荧光定量PCR检测方法对感染BTV16后3只绵羊上述4种因子mRNA进行检测,同时设立阴性对照绵羊,并以0 d mRNA为基准,计算mRNA的相对表达量,同时检测病毒抗体效价、测量绵羊体温。结果显示,接种BTV16的3只绵羊均不同程度产生抗体和体温症状,4种细胞因子的mRNA在接种病毒2~4 d内均出现显著上升,其中IFN-γ峰值在2.58~27.84倍之间,IL-2峰值在5.24~17.19倍之间,IL-4峰值在2.16~3.43倍之间,IL-10峰值在15.78~48.77倍之间,个体上升幅度存在显著差异,4种细胞因子均在高水平持续6 d左右后逐渐下降。对照绵羊上述参数在正常范围内波动。本研究阐明了接种BTV16后绵羊细胞因子IFN-γ、IL-2、IL-4、IL-10在转录水平上的消长特点,为进一步深入开展BTV感染特征、宿主机体免疫机制研究提供参考。     

1株库蠓源版纳病毒的分离与全基因组序列分析

为分析云南省虫媒病毒的种类与遗传特征,在云南省师宗县采集库蠓进行病毒的分离与鉴定;通过全长cDNA扩增与高通量测序技术获取病毒全基因组序列,进行序列比对与系统发生树构建。结果显示,从采集的库蠓样本中分离出1株可在C6/36细胞上引起细胞病变的毒株（YNSZ043）,病毒基因组为分节段双链RNA,琼脂糖凝胶电泳呈"2-4-3"的带型特征;电镜观察可见直径为70~80 nm,呈"指环状",表面具有纤维突起的病毒粒子。全基因组测序结果显示,YNSZ043毒株为版纳病毒（Banna virus,BAV）,基因组大小为20 683 bp,由Seg-1（3 762 bp）至Seg-12（861 bp）12个基因节段组成,与中国BAV毒株各基因节段的核苷酸序列相似性在64.8%~99.6%之间,氨基酸序列相似性在58.8%~100%之间,在系统发生树上YNSZ043毒株与中国分离的BAV聚为一簇,形成独立的中国进化支系。对决定BAV基因型的Seg-12分析结果显示,YNSZ043毒株属于A2基因型,该毒株的Seg-5/VP5与越南分离BAV毒株的核苷酸和氨基酸序列相似性高达97.1%和97.6%,表明该毒株的Seg-5基因节段很可能与越南毒株之间发生了基因重配。研究结果丰富了中国BAV的基因组序列,为开展云南省BAV的流行病学研究提供了参考。     

基于ZigBee的鸡舍环境无线监测系统设计与实现

为了对规模化和集约化养殖场鸡舍内部环境进行监测,针对传统的有线监测系统存在的诸多缺陷,设计了一种基于Zig Bee的鸡舍环境无线监测系统。以CC2530无线网络芯片为核心,在其外围接口集成了温度、湿度、光照、NH3、H2S和CO2六种传感器节点,搭建了无线网络,并进行数据测量与传输,通过编译底层程序和开发上位机软件,所测数据直观的呈现在用户面前。实践表明,系统运行稳定、测量数据精确、布点灵活、能耗低、成本低,适合对鸡舍环境进行精准监测。     

Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Reproductive Function of Male Mice with Cadmium Poisoning

The study was aimed to explore the protective effect of sulforaphane (SFN) on the reproductive function of male mice with cadmium poisoning.40 healthy clean grade male Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups:control group (H₂O),cadmium chloride group (2.3 mg/kg CdCl₂),sulforaphane group (10 mg/kg SFN),sulforaphane + cadmium chloride group (10 mg/kg SFN+2.3 mg/kg CdCl₂),and continuous administration for 10 d,all mice were executed by dislocated cervical vertebra at 2 d after the last administration,and then the pathologic changes of testicular tissues,organ coefficient of testicle and epididymis,sperm quality and concentration of testosterone were tested.Additionally,the contents of GSH and MDA,and the activities of T-SOD in testis were also detected at the same time. Compared with the control group,pathology damages were observed in cadmium chloride group,organ coefficient of testis and epididymis,sperm quality and levels of testosterone extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),the activities of T-SOD and GSH content were extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),and the concentration of MDA was extremely significantly enhanced (P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the activity of T-SOD and concentration of GSH in sulforaphane group were significantly increased (P<0.05),and the concentration of MDA was not significant different between the control group and sulforaphane group (P>0.05).While compared with the cadmium chloride group,the sperm motility rate and sperm total count in sulforaphane and cadmium chloride group were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),the organ coefficient of testicle and epididymis was increased significantly (P<0.05),the concentration of GSH and activity of T-SOD in testicular tissue were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),and the concentration of MDA was extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01).The results indicated that sulforaphane had the protection effect on reproduction function of male mice with cadmium poisoning.     

Rearing conditions affected responses of weaned pigs to organic acids showing a positive effect on digestibility,microflora and immunity

Three experiments were conducted to assess the response of weaned pigs to organic acid SF3, which contains 34% calcium formate, 16% calcium lactate, 7% citric acid and 13% medium chain fatty acids. Dietary treatments had no effect on growth performance of piglets (21‐day weaning) fed the commercial prestart diet for 1 week before receiving the experimental diets supplemented with SF3 at 0, 3 or 5 g/kg diet (Exp. 1), whereas diarrhea frequency averaged across a week was decreased by SF3 supplementation (5 g/kg diet) in piglets fed the experimental diets immediately after weaning (Exp. 2). In Exp. 3, piglets (28‐day weaning) were fed the control (containing pure colistin sulfate and enramycin, respectively, at 20 mg/kg diet) for 1 week and then were fed the control or SF3‐supplemented (5 g/kg diet) diet for 2 weeks. The SF3‐fed piglets had greater apparent ileal digestibility of calcium and dry matter, while also demonstrating greater overall gross energy, up‐regulated jejunal expression of sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐1 and transforming growth factor‐β, down‐regulated jejunal expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, higher ileal Lactobacillus, with lower total bacteria content, lower plasma TNF‐α but higher IgG levels than the control‐fed piglets. Collectively, SF3 consumption improved diarrhea resistance of weaned pigs by improving nutrient digestibility, piglet immunity and intestinal bacteria profile. © 2016 Japanese Society of Animal Science     

景天属植物耐非生物胁迫研究进展

景天属植物作为园林绿化的重要植物材料已被广泛应用。了解其对非生物胁迫逆境的适应性,对在生态园林城市的建设和环境修复中景天品种的选择和利用具有重大意义。现综述了近年来我国在景天属植物耐高温、低温、干旱、涝、酸、盐、光和重金属等非生物胁迫研究方面的进展,对存在的问题及今后的发展方向提出了一些建议。     

从女性主义视角看《包法利夫人》

从18世纪到20世纪60年代,自由平等思潮揭开了轰轰烈烈的女性运动序幕,女性的个人权利和政治、宗教信仰自由,女性对于生命、自由、追求幸福的选择权以及自我决定权开始广泛受到关注。《包法利夫人》在一定程度上体现了当时女性主义的进步性,同时也揭示出在父权制主流社会下女性(书中的女主人公)注定要走向堕落的悲剧宿命。     

两种沉水植物在不同水深和生长时期对入侵植物的响应

为研究沉水植物在不同水深和生长时期对不同种类入侵植物的响应,选取2种湿地入侵植物凤眼莲Eichhornia crassipes、水盾草Cabomba caroliniana和2种常见本地沉水植物黑藻Hydrillaverticillata、菹草Potamogeton crispus为研究对象,通过模拟试验探究在不同水深（0.2、0.4 m）和生长时期（生长初期和生长旺期）的本地沉水植物对2种入侵植物的响应。结果显示,当水深为0.4 m时更有利于黑藻的生长,并可削弱入侵植物对黑藻生长的消极作用,而水深对菹草的生长无显著影响;入侵植物种类对本地沉水植物的生长无显著影响,但影响方式却存在差异,其中水盾草倾向于直接抑制本地沉水植物的生长,而凤眼莲可以通过降低水体透明度以及总磷含量进而间接抑制本地沉水植物的生长。此外,外来植物在本地沉水植物生长初期入侵对本地沉水植物产生的消极影响较生长旺期入侵时更显著。表明凤眼莲及水盾草入侵对本地沉水植物生长的影响机制存在差异,本地沉水植物在适宜水深和生长旺期对2种入侵植物具有更强的抵抗能力。