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131.
132.
大豆抗菌核病的全基因组关联研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
找到大豆与抗菌核病强关联的候选位点或候选基因,为抗病基因克隆和抗病分子标记开发提供借鉴,服务大豆抗菌核病育种。对126个加拿大大豆品种的基因组DNA用ApekⅠ酶消化后Illumina Hiseq2000平台测序进行基因分型,供试的126个材料用棉垫接种核盘菌菌丝体进行表型鉴定。采用Structure 2.3.4、SPSS 20.0、TASSEL 5.0和PLINKv 1.07软件分别模拟群体遗传结构、二元主成分分析、邻接法聚类,进行SNP-phenotype和Haplotype-phenotype的关联分析(只考虑加性效应)。最小等位基因频率0.01过滤,得到30 125个SNPs。主成分及群体结构聚类结果中度一致,将126个供试材料划分为2个组群,Kappa聚类一致度检验K=0.44。邻接法(The neighbor-joining algorithm,NJ)聚为3个组群。α≤0.05时,在单个SNP-phenotype的关联研究中,最强关联在3号染色体物理位置34387780、34387823和34387841处(P值都为8.669E-7),可分别解释表型变异的17.80%,其次在20,1,4,17号染色体上。Haplotype-phenotype的关联分析中,最强关联在17号染色体物理位置5575883/5647814/5648648/5734897处(P值为1.038E-6),可解释表型变异的17.56%。200 kb范围内,3号染色体上的候选基因有Glma.03g129100、Glma.03g129200、Glma.03g129300、Glma.03g129500、Glma.03g129800、Glma.03g129900。17号染色体上为Glma.17g071300、Glma.17g072200、Glma.17g073300。 相似文献
133.
Maria Podsiedlik Erik H. Hofmeister Tanya Duke-Novakovski 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2022,86(1):20
The paravertebral brachial plexus block (PVB) provides thoracic limb analgesia. The objective was to describe a blind craniocaudal (CC) approach to the PVB and compare its accuracy, time, and difficulty of performance with a blind dorsoventral (DV) approach. The operator was initially trained by experienced clinicians to perform both approaches on 5 cadavers. Next, a CC or DV approach to the PVB was performed on both thoracic limbs of 20 cadavers (20 for each approach). Methylene blue dye was equally divided into 4 aliquots to stain the ventral branches of the sixth to eighth cervical and first thoracic spinal nerves. Successfully stained (stain ≥ 1 cm) spinal nerves were counted. The time to perform each approach was recorded and ease of performance was scored using a numerical scale (1 “easy” to 4 “difficult”). The phrenic nerve was checked for stain. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare approaches. The data are presented as median (interquartile range; minimum to maximum range). The number of stained nerves with the CC approach 3 (1; 2 to 4), was higher than the DV approach 2 (2; 0 to 4) (P = 0.002). The time (in seconds) to perform the CC approach 125 (79; 70 to 194), was not different from the DV approach 142 (54; 101 to 232) (P = 0.084). The CC approach 2 (2; 1 to 4) was easier to perform than the DV approach 3 (1; 2 to 4) (P = 0.024). No phrenic nerve staining was observed with either approach. The CC approach is an alternative to the DV approach for performing the PVB in dogs. 相似文献
134.
135.
Kazufumi?OsakoEmail author Mohammed?Anwar?Hossain Koichi?Kuwahara Akira?Okamoto Atsuko?Yamaguchi Yukinori?Nozaki 《Fisheries Science》2005,71(6):1347-1355
ABSTRACT: To explore the potential utility of underutilized fish in the fish sauce industry, fish sauces were prepared from both raw and heat-induced meat of Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonica and rabbit fish Siganus fuscescens using wheat malt, and their quality aspects and sensory properties were assessed. Proximate composition of the fish meat represents protein as the major component (16.0–17.8%), other than moisture. Analyses of free amino acids, peptides including oligopeptides, and organic acids contents in fish sauces revealed suitability of both raw and heat-induced meat of the selected species in commercial fish sauce production. The variations in taste of raw meat fish sauces were species-specific, but the taste of fish sauces from heat-induced meat were similar. 相似文献
136.
Jorge Dias Rebeca Rueda-Jasso Stephan Panserat Luis E C da Conceição Emidio F Gomes & Maria T Dinis 《Aquaculture Research》2004,35(12):1122-1130
A study was undertaken to determine the effect of various dietary carbohydrate‐to‐lipid ratios on growth performance, whole‐body composition and tissue lipid content in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) juveniles. Data on the dietary regulation of key hepatic enzymes of the lipogenic and glycolytic pathways (glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase, G6PD; malic enzyme, ME; fatty acid synthetase, FAS; pyruvate kinase, PK and glucokinase, GK) were also generated. Four isonitrogenous (crude protein: 52% dry matter (DM)) diets were formulated to contain one of two lipid levels (11% and 21% DM). Within each dietary lipid level, the nature of the carbohydrate fraction (raw or extruded peas) was varied. Triplicate groups of 54 sole (initial body weight: 23.6±1.2 g) were grown in recirculated seawater over 67 days. Fish were fed using automated feeders. At the end of the study, whole‐body, liver, viscera and muscle samples were withdrawn for analyses. During the experimental period, the mean fish weight about doubled in all treatments. No significant differences were found in growth performance (ranging from 1.1% to 1.4% body weight day?1) among dietary treatments. High‐fat diets increased whole‐body fat content. Similarly, daily fat gain ranged from 0.54 to 0.78 g kg?1 day?1 and highest values were found in fish fed high‐lipid diets. Dietary treatments also affected tissue lipid content (liver, viscera and muscle), with highest values in fish fed high‐fat diets. The nature of dietary carbohydrates had little influence on performance criteria, but affected tissue lipid deposition. The activities of G6PD, ME and FAS were depressed by elevated levels of dietary lipid, confirming the inhibitory effect of dietary fats on lipid biosynthesis. At both dietary lipid levels, ME and FAS activities were little affected by dietary carbohydrate. Activities of PK and GK were not affected by the starch level of the diets. In Senegalese sole juveniles, the lipogenic pathway is more susceptible to modulation by dietary means (particularly through lipid intake) than the glycolytic pathway. 相似文献
137.
Maria Rowena R. Romana-Eguia Minoru Ikeda Zubaida U. Basiao Nobuhiko Taniguchi 《Aquaculture International》2010,18(6):1205-1221
Growth of several genetically improved Nile tilapia (GIFT or Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia, FaST or Freshwater Aquaculture
Center Selected Tilapia, SEAFDEC-selected) and domesticated red tilapia (BFS or Binangonan Freshwater Station, NIFI-red or
National Inland Fisheries Institute red, HL or Hacienda Luisita) stocks were compared in controlled (tank) and uncontrolled
farm conditions (lake-based cages) with unselected NIFI or Chitralada Nile tilapia as control. Specific growth rate differed
significantly (P = 0.009) in tank-reared Nile tilapia stocks where GIFT grew best at 1.358%/day followed by FaST (1.307%/day), control stock
NIFI (1.257%/day) and SEAFDEC-selected (1.202%/day). Genetic effect explained 84.4% of the variance in growth of Nile tilapia
in tanks. Although Nile tilapia growth in cages followed the same trend where GIFT grew best at 1.570%/day, no significant
stock differences (P = 0.479) were noted. Meanwhile, red tilapia reared in either tanks or cages showed no significant stock differences in terms
of growth. However, survival of the red tilapia stocks in cages differed significantly with HL having the highest percentage
survival at 93.3%. The different growth responses of the Nile tilapia stocks especially under controlled (tank) farm conditions
were largely due to genetic factors (stock differences).Under uncontrolled farm conditions, environmental factors were generally
observed to have also affected the survival and to some extent, the growth of Asian Nile and red tilapia stocks. 相似文献
138.
ABSTRACT: The effects caused by suspended particles in seawater and sediment cover of the substrate on the attachment to the substrate of zoospores, and on the subsequent growth and survival of gametophytes of the brown alga Eisenia bicyclis were examined in the laboratory. The attachment rate to the substrate of the zoospores was remarkably reduced by the sediment cover on the substrate, and it decreased to 3.8% of the no-sediment control by a slight sediment cover of 3.0 mg/cm2 (0.048 mm in thickness). The growth of gametophytes was not inhibited at 10 mg/cm2 or less of sediment cover, though it was stopped at 30 mg/cm2 . The survival rate of gametophytes became 39.4% at 5 mg/cm2 on the substrate, and gametophytes were all blighted at 30 mg/cm2 . The ratio of male to female of the surviving gametophytes became 81.5:18.5, when the sediment cover was 10 mg/cm2 . The rate of total loss ( TL [%]) of zoospores and gametophytes of Eisenia bicyclis was obtained from the following equation: TL = 100 (1 − exp[−0.0339 C ] exp[−1.24 Q ]), where, C (mg/L) and Q (mg/cm2 ) indicate the concentration of suspended particles in seawater and the sediment on the substrate, respectively. 相似文献
139.
140.
Pedro ?M.?DominguesEmail author Paul?F. ?Dimarco Jose? P.?Andrade Phillip?G.?Lee 《Aquaculture International》2005,13(5):423-440
The effects of artificial diets on growth and body condition of adult cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis were tested in two experiments. Supplemented prepared diets (fish myofibrillar protein concentrate) were fed during a 30-day and a 21-day experiments. Growth, feeding rate and food conversion of group-reared cuttlefish were analyzed. The first of these experiments tested four artificial diets, made with increasing levels of lysine, on adult cuttlefish. According to the chemical analysis, diets 1–3 had limiting concentrations of lysine and other essential amino acids (compared to mantle composition of the cuttlefish), while diet 4 was the only one where almost all essential amino acids were present in concentrations similar or higher than the ones present in cuttlefish mantle. A second experiment was conducted by isolating 16 adult cuttlefish individually, and feeding them the same four artificial diets, in order to obtain individual data. During Experiment 1, only the diet with the best chemical score (diet 4) produced growth (p < 0.05), with a mean instantaneous growth rate (MIGR) of 0.30% wet body weight (BW) d−1. Similarly, individually reared cuttlefish fed diet 4 produced the highest IGR’s (0.26, 0.38 and 0.48% BW d−1) and grew larger (p < 0.01). Comparison of cuttlefish fed the artificial diets vs. thawed shrimp and unfed cuttlefish indicated that cuttlefish fed the artificial diets were in an intermediate state. Growth rates obtained with the artificial diets (<0.4% BW d−1) were considerably lower compared to natural prey, live or frozen, reported by other authors. 相似文献