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Ronai Ferreira-Ramos Klaus Alvaro Guerrieri Accoroni Ariany Rossi Marcela Corbo Guidugli Moacyr Antonio Mestriner Carlos Alberto Martinez Ana Lilia Alzate-Marin 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2014,61(1):267-272
In this study, a set of nuclear microsatellite markers were transferred and characterized from two Myrtaceae sub-families to four neotropical Eugenia fruit tree species (E. uniflora L., E. pyriformis Cambess., E. brasiliensis Lam. and E. francavilleana O. Berg), which are neglected and underutilized foods of great ecological and potential economic value found in the Atlantic forest regions of South America. Leaf samples of mature E. uniflora, E. pyriformis, E. brasiliensis and E. francavilleana trees, which are popularly termed “pitanga”, “uvaia”, “grumixama” and “guamirim”, respectively, were collected from two areas greatly impacted by the agricultural practices of the sugar cane industry in the state of São Paulo in the southeastern region of Brazil. A total of 19 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers from the Myrtaceae sub-families Leptospermoideae and Myrtoideae were tested, and 15 polymorphic heterologous SSR markers were identified. The expected heterozygosities for E. uniflora, E. pyriformis, E. brasiliensis and E. francavilleana were 0.64, 0.75, 0.54 and 0.71, respectively. These results suggest that these SSR markers may be useful for population genetic studies. A total of 4, 9, 11 and 4 heterologous SSR polymorphic markers for E. uniflora, E. pyriformis, E. brasiliensis and E. francavilleana, respectively, are now available for genetic diversity, gene flow and mating system analyses in these species. 相似文献
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Colluvial soils are considered to be the direct result of accelerated soil erosion, resulting in accumulation of humus-rich soil material in terrain depressions and base parts of slopes. The organic carbon concentration in these soils and their depth make them an important organic carbon storage. Mapping the Colluvial soils, therefore, represents an important contribution in total carbon stock estimation. A method of delineating Colluvial soils is proposed by applying a combination of high resolution digital elevation model analysis and detailed field survey. Two models based on fuzzy classification of soil units were created using different topographic derivatives as the only input parameters to predict the Colluvial soil area on a morphologically diverse study site in the Southern Moravia, Czech Republic. The model that considers only the derivatives with a strong relationship to Colluvial soil occurrence reached 71% accuracy in Colluvial area delineation, while the model combining six commonly used derivatives showed less favorable results. The main advantage of the method lies in a low demand of input soil data and its relatively high accuracy. 相似文献
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Juliana Massimino Feres Marcela Corbo Guidugli Moacyr Antonio Mestriner Alexandre Magno Sebbenn Ana Yamaguishi Ciampi Ana Lilia Alzate-Marin 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2009,56(6):797-807
Deforestation in southeast Brazil has led to the extinction of Hymenaea courbaril var. stilbocarpa and ex situ conservation has been established. In this study, the levels of genetic diversity and the effective population size of H. courbaril in a germplasm bank were investigated using six nuclear microsatellite loci. A total of 79 and 91 alleles were found in 65
seed-trees and their 176 offspring, respectively. Offspring have a higher average number of alleles per locus (A = 15.2) than seed-trees (A = 13.2), but lower observed heterozygosity (offspring: H
o = 0.566; seed-trees: H
o = 0.607). The estimate of outcrossing rate shows that the study population is perfectly outcrossed (t
m
= 0.978, P > 0.05). Significant deviations from random mating were detected through mating among relatives and correlated matings. The
average variance in effective population size for each family was 2.63, with a total effective population size retained in
the bank of 170.1. These results confirm that the preserved population of H. courbaril retains substantial genetic variability.
Moacyr Antonio Mestriner and Ana Lilia Alzate-Marin—CEEFLORUSP Members. 相似文献
57.
Marcela Pacola Tiara Moraes Guimarães João Paulo Gonsiorkiewicz Rigon Lucas Moraes Jacomassi João William Bossolani Josiane Viveiros Gabriela Ferraz de Siqueira Patrícia Pereira Dias Juliano Carlos Calonego Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol 《Soil Use and Management》2023,39(4):1388-1402
Combining deep tillage (DT) with lime application at greater depths may improve sugarcane yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of conventional tillage (CT) and DT systems and liming on sugarcane productivity and soil physical attributes. The experiment was conducted in a clayey-textured Rhodic Hapludox soil cultivated with sugarcane for two growing seasons (first and third ratoons) using a randomized block design with four treatments and four repetitions. The treatments consisted of DT without liming (DT0), DT with liming (DT2), CT without liming (CT0) and CT with liming (CT2). In addition to sugarcane stalk and sugar yields, macroporosity (MA), microporosity (MI), total soil porosity (TP), weighted average diameter (WAD), aggregate stability index (ASI), soil penetration resistance (SPR), pH, potential acidity (H + Al), total soil organic carbon (SOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), mineral-associated organic carbon (MOC), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) were analysed. DT2 promoted the best soil conservation effect on sugarcane. In general, DT, regardless of lime application, reduced SOC and POC in soil surface layer. Nevertheless, in the long term, localized lime addition resulted in significant reductions in compaction, reaching values below 2 MPa. The soil fertility improvement provided by DT2 promoted increased sucrose concentrations and stalks yield. Considering that there was an improvement in the physical quality and fertility of soil for better plant development, the deep tillage with localized lime addition can be considered an effective alternative for sugarcane cultivation. 相似文献
58.
Gamboa-Angulo MM Escalante-Erosa F García-Sosa K Alejos-González F Delgado-Lamas G Peña-Rodríguez LM 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(5):1053-1058
Two novel phytotoxins, 8-zinniol methyl ether (5) and 8-zinniol acetate (6), in addition to 6-(3',3'-dimethylallyloxy)-4-methoxy-5-methylphthalide (2), 5-(3',3'-dimethylallyloxy)-7-methoxy-6-methylphthalide (3), and the novel metabolites 8-zinniol 2-(phenyl)ethyl ether (4) and 7-zinniol acetate (7) have been identified as natural zinniol derivatives from the organic crude extract of Alternaria tagetica culture filtrates. Using zinniol as the starting material, phytotoxin 5 was synthesized, together with a number of synthetic intermediates (8-13). Both natural and synthetic zinniol derivatives were evaluated in the leaf-spot bioassay against marigold leaves (Tagetes erecta). 相似文献
59.
Argos Willian de Almeida Assunção Brayan Pétrick Souza Marcela Bianchessi da Cunha-Santino Irineu BianchiniJr 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2018,18(4):1252-1264
Purpose
Aquatic macrophytes are an important source of autochthonous dissolved organic carbon in aquatic ecosystems. Yield and mass loss of aquatic humic substances released from macrophytes decomposition could be affected by the plant species and oxygen availability. Our aim was to describe the kinetics of dissolved fulvic and humic acids formed from decomposition of four aquatic macrophytes under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.Materials and methods
Samples of Eichhornia azurea (Sw.) Kunth, Egeria najas Planch, Oxycaryum cubense (Poepp. and Kunth), and Salvinia molesta (Mitchell) were incubated under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. On sampling days, the remaining particulate detritus were weighted and were measured for the pH, the electrical conductivity, and the organic carbon in the dissolved fraction. Humic substances were extracted from the dissolved fraction, separated into fulvic and humic acids, and then quantified. The mass loss of particulate and dissolved fractions were fitted to first order kinetic models.Results and discussion
Aerobic environment favored mineralization of aquatic macrophyte detritus and humification of organic dissolved carbon. Incubations under aerobic conditions formed 3.6 times more humic acid than incubations under anaerobic conditions. However, incubations in an anaerobic environment formed 1.84 times more fulvic acid. The dissolved humic compounds presented low mineralization rates probably due to the presence of the macrophyte detritus in the incubation representing a more attractive source of resource for microorganisms.Conclusions
In many cases, the mineralization of HS was not noticed, leading to an increase in humic and fulvic acid concentration in the water. O. cubense detritus presented the highest carbon concentration, were related to refractory features, and generated the highest amounts of dissolved HA (mainly under aerobic condition). Egeria najas detritus presented the lowest carbon concentration, were related to labile features, and generated the highest amounts of dissolved FA (mainly under anaerobic condition). Besides that, high humic substance concentrations in the dissolved organic carbon were related to low mineralization of this fraction.60.
Irineu BianchiniJr Marcela Bianchessi da Cunha-Santino 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2018,18(4):1232-1241