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Precision Agriculture - In karst landscapes stony soils have little water holding capacity; the rational use of water for irrigation therefore plays an important management role. Because the water... 相似文献
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Neda Vdovi Kristina Pikelj Irena Jurina Maja Ivani Nadia Dunato Antonija tefan 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2019,182(2):277-285
Particle size distribution (PSD) is among basic parameters in soil and sediment characterization and provides essential information in sedimentological and environmental studies. The problem with the PSD determination is that for any given sample the result depends not only on the method used but also on the sample pre‐treatment, making them seldom comparable. In this study, the PSD of seven non‐treated and pre‐treated soil samples were determined by four granulometric methods (pipette, sedigraph, particle counter and laser diffraction analysis). Samples were subjected to pre‐treatments commonly used in sample preparation for the PSD determination, i.e., addition of dispersant (sodium metaphosphate) and removal of the organic matter (with hydrogen peroxide). The total organic carbon (TOC) analysis was used to estimate the content of organic matter before and after its removal. The effect of different pre‐treatments was evaluated based on the PSD variations and the changes in the specific surface area (SSA) of the samples. The results highlighted differences in the PSD curves of samples depending on the granulometric method and pre‐treatment applied. The most pronounced difference was the higher amount of clay fraction determined by settling techniques. The role of hydrogen peroxide in disruption of aggregates was evident in the increase in the SSA as well as the share of fine fraction determined by all four techniques, while sodium metaphosphate made no modifications of the SSA but acted in favour of prolonging settling of clay particles and increasing its content obtained by settling techniques. 相似文献
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Fiket Željka Fiket Tomislav Ivanić Maja Mikac Nevenka Kniewald Goran 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2019,19(4):2048-2060
Journal of Soils and Sediments - The geochemistry of pore waters from sediments deposited in the semi-enclosed bay of the Zrmanja River estuary, encompassing two small interconnected basins, the... 相似文献
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Filip Pošćić Marko Runjić Maja Jukić Špika Nevenka Mikac Zed Rengel Marija Romić 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2018,64(13):1777-1790
An important part of agriculture in the European Mediterranean area is olive (Olea europaea L.) production. Characterising the relationships between properties of different soils where olive is grown and nutrient status in olive leaves can enhance our understanding of soil-plant interactions. Three different soils (Terra rossa, Rendzina, Lithosol) were characterized for their physical and chemical characteristics; plant-available nutrients were extracted with ammonium nitrate. Soils, soil extracts and leaf digests were analysed for nutrients and for nitrogen in soils and leaf. A redundancy analysis (RDA) was applied to elucidate relationships between soil properties and leaf nutrients. As revealed by RDA, leaf concentrations of Mg, K, Ca and micronutrients were explained by available Mg, total carbonates and soil organic carbon in topsoil. Leaf concentration of Na was associated with total Na in topsoil. Copper and Mo deficiencies were detected in plants grown in Lithosol, and Mg, P, Mn and Zn deficiencies were noted in all plants. Through appropriate agronomic techniques, Lithosols can be used for olive groves, but they have significant limitation regarding nutrient availability. Our results support the relevance of using soil nutrient variability to provide a basis for optimisation of measures for olive groves. 相似文献
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Vladimir Žikić Hossein Lotfalizadeh Martin Schwarz Saša S. Stanković Maja Lazarević Katarina Kos Ehsan Rakhshani Hans-Peter Tschorsnig 《Phytoparasitica》2018,46(5):617-626
The species of the genus Yponomeuta Latreille (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) are known as ermine moths and can be found on various host plant species, sometimes appearing as pests. They are attacked by a wide range of parasitoids. We studied parasitoid complexes of several communities in Austria, Poland, Serbia, Slovenia and Sweden during 2014–2018. From four species, Yponomeuta cagnagella (Hübner), Yponomeuta evonymella (Linnaeus), Yponomeuta malinellus Zeller and Yponomeuta padella (Linnaeus), we reared 15 parasitoid species of seven hymenopteran and one dipteran family. In this study, the family Ichneumonidae is the most numerous, while Ageniaspis fuscicollis (Dalman) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) was found in all four Yponomeuta species. Within reared parasitoids, A. fuscicollis is new record for Slovenia and Austria, Baryscapus evonymellae (Bouché) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) and Diadegma armillatum (Gravenhorst) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) are new records for Slovenia and Agrypon canaliculatum (Ratzeburg) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), Dolichogenidea dilecta (Haliday) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), Elasmus steffani Viggiani (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), Herpestomus brunnicornis (Gravenhorst) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), Trieces tricarinatus (Holmgren) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Mesochorus nuncupator (Panzer) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) are new records for Serbia. Also, Yponomeuta cagnagella is a new host record for Pteromalus semotus (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) and Y. padella for E. steffani. Finally, we reviewed parasitoids of European Yponomeuta species and their associated host plants. In total 154 species are recorded from nine hymenopteran and one dipteran family. 相似文献
108.
Wolfgang Merbach Joachim Schulze Maja Richert Evan Rrocco Konrad Mengel 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2000,163(4):375-379
The suitability of three 15N application methods (15NH3 fumigation, split‐root technique, 15N pre‐cultivation) for the estimation of N net rhizodeposition (NRD) of wheat plants into soil has been tested and compared under similar conditions and at the same developmental stage. The results were as follows: 1. The use of the 15N tracer technique allows the detection of the net N release by roots under soil conditions. NRD was considerable and can be estimated to be at least 15 kg N ha−1 a−1. 2. All three methods applied are practicable under non‐sterile experimental conditions. The distribution of applied 15N in the system and NRD can be balanced totally only by using the 15NH3 fumigation and the 15N pre‐cultivation methods. The split‐root technique leads to an overestimation of NRD. 3. The split‐root technique allows a qualitative separation of the NRD under nearly undisturbed conditions. With the 15N precultivation, a higher 15N‐labelling can be achieved for long‐term balance studies. 4. Despite the required high 15N abundance, the 15NH3 fumigation method works best to evaluate the influence of microbes on NRD and to quantify the gaseous 15N release. 相似文献
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Dag-Ragnar Blystad René van der Vlugt Ana Alfaro-Fernández María del Carmen Córdoba Gábor Bese Dimitrinka Hristova Henryk Pospieszny Nataša Mehle Maja Ravnikar Laura Tomassoli Christina Varveri Steen Lykke Nielsen 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2015,143(1):43-56