跨膜蛋白VRAC的结构及生物学功能研究进展

跨膜蛋白是一类位于细胞膜上的重要蛋白质,对于维持细胞稳态和调节细胞的生长发育具有关键作用,因此一直受到广泛研究。本文将介绍一种重要的跨膜蛋白——体积调节阴离子通道（Volume Regulated Anion Channel, VRAC）,并全面综述其分子结构特征和多个生理功能,旨在为后续研究工作提供参考。     

Metabolic Profiling and In Vitro Assessment of the Biological Activities of the Ethyl Acetate Extract of Penicillium chrysogenum “Endozoic of Cliona sp. Marine Sponge” from the Red Sea (Egypt)

Marine sponge-derived endozoic fungi have been gaining increasing importance as promising sources of numerous and unique bioactive compounds. This study investigates the phytochemical profile and biological activities of the ethyl acetate extract of Penicillium chrysogenum derived from Cliona sp. sponge. Thirty-six compounds were tentatively identified from P. chrysogenum ethyl acetate extract along with the kojic acid (KA) isolation. The UPLC-ESI-MS/MS positive ionization mode was used to analyze and identify the extract constituents while 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy were used for kojic acid (KA) structure confirmation. The antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities were assessed in vitro. Both the extract and kojic acid showed potent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with MIC 250 ± 0.82 µg/mL. Interestingly, the extract showed strong antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans with MIC 93.75 ± 0.55 and 19.53 ± 0.48 µg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, KA showed the same potency against Fusarium oxysporum and Cryptococcus neoformans with MIC 39.06 ± 0.85 and 39.06 ± 0.98 µg/mL, respectively. Ultimately, KA showed strong antioxidant activity with IC₅₀ 33.7 ± 0.8 µg/mL. Moreover, the extract and KA showed strong cytotoxic activity against colon carcinoma (with IC₅₀ 22.6 ± 0.8 and 23.4 ± 1.4 µg/mL, respectively) and human larynx carcinoma (with equal IC₅₀ 30.8 ± 1.3 and ± 2.1 µg/mL, respectively), respectively. The current study represents the first insights into the phytochemical profile and biological properties of P. chrysoenum ethyl acetate extract, which could be a promising source of valuable secondary metabolites with potent biological potentials.     

杉木间伐材ACQ防腐与综合强化复合改性研究

在将ACQ与UF树脂调制成相容的复合改性剂对杉木间伐材进行复合改性研究的基础上,深入探索复合改性的机理与综合效果.对浸渍材与表面密实化处理相结合的优化工艺,当弦向压缩率为20%时各项力学性能指标均比素材增加51%以上;进行浸渍处理与ACQ或UF单独处理材经煮沸和抗水、酸、碱抽提的抗流失性对比试验及防腐试验,表明前者比后者有所提高;并采用铜离子跟踪法进行X-射线荧光光谱仪定量分析,测定了浸渍材复合改性剂的含量和分布情况,确认了一次性浸渍优化工艺参数的较佳效果.     

Babesia vulpes in a dog from Prince Edward Island,Canada

A 12-year-old neutered male American Staffordshire terrier dog was referred to the Atlantic Veterinary College, Prince Edward Island, Canada, for suspected immune-mediated hemolytic anemia. Babesiosis (Babesia vulpes) was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction testing. The dog was successfully treated with a 10-day protocol of atovaquone/proguanil (TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries, Toronto, Ontario), 13.5 mg/kg BW, PO, q8h and azithromycin (Pharmascience, Montreal, Quebec), 10 mg/kg BW, PO, q24h. To the authors’ knowledge, this report is the first documented case of babesiosis caused by Babesia vulpes in a dog from Canada.     

宁南山区旱地紫花苜蓿土壤水分及产量动态研究

对宁南山区旱地紫花苜蓿土壤水分及产量动态进行了研究。结果表明,随苜蓿草龄的延长,土壤深层水分亏缺严重草地底层与中层对表层水分具有明显的补偿作用;伏秋降对水冬前土壤蓄水亦有重要作用;产量随草延长呈中间高两头低的态热,６－８年以后草地须及时更新。     

Cardiovascular effects of intermittent or continuous treadmill conditioning in horses

Nine mature Quarter Horse mares were trained for ten weeks by continuous (n=4) or intermittent (n=5) treadmill work. Both groups of horses trotted at 3.3m/sec. The continuous work was performed at a 3% incline while the intermittent work was done at a 9% incline. Heart rate, cardiac output and blood lactate concentration were measured during a standard exercise test that included work on both treadmill grades before and after five and ten weeks of training. The two conditioning programs did not produce differences in the measured parameters of the two groups of horses. However, there was an overall conditioning effect observed in both groups of horses throughout the ten weeks of treadmill conditioning. Heart rate decreased (P<.05) during exercise on both treadmill grades after ten weeks of training. Lactate concentration decreased (P<.05) during the 9 percent grade trot after five weeks of training. Only slight further decreases occurred between week five and week ten of conditioning. Cardiac output increased (P<.05) between rest and exercise on both grades but there was no conditioning effect.     

基于CRISPR序列的肠道沙门氏菌分离株CSST分型

为验证一种新的CRISPR分型方法——CSST分型方法分型沙门氏菌的可行性,分别采用传统CRISPR与CSST两种分型方法,对20株临床肠道沙门氏菌分离株进行分型.结果显示:CSST分型方法同传统CRISPR分型方法分型沙门氏菌的结果完全一致,均将20株临床肠道沙门氏菌菌株分成了15种亚型,其中CR4/CT4和CR9/...     

基于神经网络的树叶识别系统研究

在林业系统注册树木种类时,通常采用大量树叶上的可见外形特点来辨别数目繁多的树木种类。针对此问题,本文提出了基于神经网络的树叶识别方法,该方法建立并管理一个分等级的树叶图像体系,通过对不同种类树叶的边缘提取来识别每种树叶的特征点,从而得到树叶的外部轮廓来区分树木种类:给出了相应的改进型神经网络算法,并给出详细的论述过程:最后,通过Java语言给出了系统实现并做了大量的数值仿真。结果证明本文方法是可行有效的。图4表1参8。     

The Impact of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents and Extraction Method on the Co-Extraction of Trace Metals from Fucus vesiculosus

In recent years, natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) have been widely investigated for the extraction of food and medicinal plants as well as seaweeds. However, the ability of NADES for trace elements co-extraction from natural sources is not well investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of common NADES for trace elements co-extraction from Fucus vesiculosus. All of the tested NADES did not recover As and Co (concentration <LOQ). Moreover, all of the tested NADES provided a low recovery (<9%) of Ba, Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, Sr, and Zn. The method of extraction had not shown a statistically significant effect on the co-extraction of all elements (excluding Ba and Ca). In contrast, the water content in NADES was significantly affected on the recovery of Ba, Ca, Mg, Mn, Sr, and Zn. The recovery of Al and Cr was relatively high and considerably varied (from 1.5 to 59.9%). NADES comprising lactic acid:glucose:H₂O (5:3:1) provided the lowest contents of all elements, and the highest extracted amounts were obtained employing water contents of 60–80%. The calculated daily intake of all the elements contained in NADES extracts were less than the daily dose risk estimators. The hazard quotients, hazard indexes, and carcinogenic risk calculated for all trace elements and their combination were considerably less than 1. This evidences no health risk, and carcinogenic risk after topical application of all studied NADES. For the first time, the results of the current study demonstrated that NADES extracts of F. vesiculosus contain a lower amount of trace metals and are safer than the extracts obtained with water and 70% acetone. This indicates a significant advantage for NADES compared with the other solvents.