A novel and stable "two-hit" acute lung injury model induced by oleic acid in piglets

Background

Children are susceptible to pulmonary injury, and acute lung injury (ALI) often results in a high mortality and financial cost in pediatric patients. Evidence has showed that oleic acid (OA) plays an important role in ALI. Therefore, it has special significance to study ALI in pediatric patients by using OA-induced animal models. Unfortunately, the animal model hs a high mortality due to hemodynamic instability. The aim of this study was to establish a novel hemodynamically stable OA-induced ALI model in piglets with two hits.

Methods

18 Chinese mini-piglets were randomized into three groups: group C (received saline-ethanol solution), group T (received OA-ethanol solution in routine administration manner) and group H (received OA-ethanol solution in two-hit manner). Hemodynamic and pulmonary function data were measured. Histopathological assessments were performed.

Results

Two piglets in group T died of radical decline of systemic blood pressure. Group T showed more drastic hemodynamic changes than group H especially during the period of 5 to 30 minutes after OA administration. Both Group T and group H all produced severe lung injury, while group C had no significant pathologic changes. OA-induced hypotension might be caused by pulmonary hypertension rather than comprised left ventricular function.

Conclusion

OA leads to severe pulmonary hypertension which results in hemodynamic fluctuation in OA-induced ALI model. It is the first report on hemodynamic stable ALI animal model in piglets using two-hit method. The two-hit ALI animal model fulfils the ALI criteria and has the following characteristics: hemodynamic stability, stable damage to gas exchange and comparability with pediatric patients in body weight and corresponding age. The two-hit ALI animal model can be used to study the basic mechanism and the therapeutic strategies for pediatric ALI.     

育种之路,峪口禽业凭的是什么?——峪口禽业快速发展实力探究

2008年北京市华都峪口禽业有限责任公司(以下简称峪禽)与合作18年的美国海兰公司毅然诀别,这个看似轻描淡写的消息,在本来就不同凡响的2008年,给中国蛋鸡行业乃至中国家禽业带来了不大不小的震惊,在业内掀起了广泛讨论,其中有质疑、有观望、更有一种期待。离开了海兰之后的峪禽能够独立扛起中国蛋种鸡业的大旗吗?能够坚定地走出属于自己的"育种之路"吗?带着一种探寻究竟的心情,我们采访了峪禽的中高层管理者、基层工作人员,通过视频监控系统了解了公司总体布局及生产车间,并现场参观了公司的新建养殖基地、孵化车间等,并对采访过程中的所见、所闻、所感及重要采访问题进行了梳理,旨在通过我们的真切体会和客观报道,告诉世人峪禽与海兰分手并不是冲动之举,亦不是逞"英雄义气",她完全有实力和能力做好育种工作。     

Serological Comparison and Molecular Characterization for Verification of Calla lily chlorotic spot virus as a New Tospovirus Species Belonging to Watermelon silver mottle virus Serogroup

ABSTRACT Calla lily chlorotic spot virus (CCSV) isolated from central Taiwan was recently identified as a tospovirus serologically but distantly related to Watermelon silver mottle virus (WSMoV). To clarify the serological relationship between the two viruses, rabbit polyclonal antibody (PAb) to CCSV and mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to WSMoV NP or CCSV NP were produced in this investigation, using purified nucleocapsid protein (NP) as immunogens. The PAb to CCSV NP reacted stronger with the homologous antigen than with the heterologous antigen, with much lower A(405) readings in indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and low-intensity banding in immunoblotting. MAbs produced to CCSV NP or WSMoV NP reacted specifically with the homologous antigens but not with the heterologous antigens in both ELISA and immunoblot analyses. The CCSV S RNA was determined to be 3,172 nucleotides in length, with an inverted repeat at the 5' and 3' ends and two open reading frames encoding the NP and a nonstructural (NSs) protein in an ambisense arrangement. A typical 3'-terminal sequence (5'-AUUGCUCU-3') that is shared by all members of the genus Tospovirus also is present in the CCSV S RNA. The CCSV NP and NSs protein share low amino acid identities of 20.1 to 65.1% and 19.9 to 66.1%, respectively, with those of reported tospoviruses. Phylogenetic dendrogram analysis indicates that CCSV is a distinct member in the genus Tospovirus. The results provide evidence that CCSV is a new species in the genus Tospovirus and belongs to WSMoV serogroup.     

Antifungal properties of pristimerin and celastrol isolated from Celastrus hypoleucus

Pristimerin and celastrol isolated from the roots of Celastrus hypoleucus (Oliv) Warb f argutior Loes exhibited inhibitory effects against diverse phytopathogenic fungi. Pristimerin and celastrol were found to inhibit the mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn and Glomerella cingulata (Stonem) Spauld & Schrenk in vitro by 83.6 and 62.6%, respectively, at 10 microg ml(-1). Pristimerin showed good preventive effect (96.7% at 100 microg ml(-1)) and curative effect (66.5% at 100 microg ml(-1)) against wheat powdery mildew in vivo. For celastrol, the preventive and curative effects against wheat powdery mildew were 80.5 and 45.4%, respectively, at 100 microg ml(-1).     

甘蓝型油菜辐射诱变研究

以１０ｋｒａｄ、１２ｋｒａｄ和１５ｋｒａｄ３种剂量γ射线处理甘蓝型油菜品系７２１和９０８的风干种子。辐射处理的种子发芽势随照射剂量增加而下降,但发芽率并未受到明显影响。辐射处理对Ｍ１的株高及生长量有明显抑制,其中,受１５ｋｒａｄ辐射处理品系９０８出苗后５５ｄ全部死亡,７２１比９０８具有较强的抗辐射能力。辐射处理不同数量性状的效应不一致,对分枝部位的效应最显著。受１０ｋｒａｄ处理的Ｍ２株高和分枝部位降低,分枝数增加,但单株产量并无显著变化。从Ｍ２选出的低分枝部位突变体能稳定遗传。     

植物高效利用土壤磷营养的化学机理

本文闸述了植物根系分泌物与土壤磷素有效性的相互关系。根据根系分泌物的化学特性,从七个方而讨论了植物活化土壤磷素的机理。     

基于UEGO的柴油机EGR系统的鲁棒Smith预估器的仿真

在各种可能的情况下,利用Matlab工具箱对鲁棒Smith预估控制器进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,Smith预估控制器对参数的变化具有很强的鲁棒性,闭环系统是稳定的,且控制器动态性能良好。     

染色体单片段代换系的构建及应用于QTL精细定位

染色体片段代换系(Chromosome Segment Substitution Lines,CSSLs),又称为代换系(Substitution lines,SLs)或导入系(Introgression lines,ILs)。只含一个代换片段的代换系,即单片段代换系(Single Segment Substitution Lines,SSSLs)是理想的代换系。单片段代换系只有代换片段与受体亲本不同,其它遗传背景与受体亲本完全一致,对代换区段中的QTL进行分析时遗传背景干扰很小,有利于QTL的分析,不少学者利用单片段代换系材料对许多QTL进行了鉴定和精细定位,并克隆了一些重要性状的QTL。本文介绍了染色体单片段代换系构建的原理和利用微卫星标记(SSR）进行单片段代换系鉴定的方法,讨论了代换系构建过程中值得注意的问题,并对用染色体单片段代换系进行QTL精细定位做了展望。     

瓜类蔬菜子叶离体培养的研究进展

本文对瓜类蔬菜子叶离体培养的研究进行综述,包括再生途径、影响因素及应用等方面研究的进展,讨论了瓜类蔬菜子叶离体培养存在的问题和今后研究的重点。