伊维菌素微球在家兔体内的药动学

皮下注射伊维菌素 (IVM )微球悬液 (5 0mg/kg及 10 0mg/kg)和害获灭 (1%伊维菌素 ,0 5mg/kg) ,RP HPLC UV法定量 ,研究了IVM在家兔体内的药物动力学。害获灭皮下注射给药 ,药 时数据符合一级吸收一室开放模型 ,主要动力学参数为 :t1/2ka=7 2 4± 2 96h ;t1/2ke=36 38± 8 6 6h ;tmax=2 1 4 6± 4 82h ;Cmax=2 2 53± 2 32ng/ml;AUC =174 9± 318ng/1.h ,其动力学参数表现比较明显的个体差异 ,且与其它动物有明显差别。微球皮下注射一周后 ,血药浓度呈较稳定状态 ,到第 4 2天 (高剂量组 )和第 32天 (低剂量组 ) ,血浆中测不出H2 B1a(低于 2 5ng/ml)。以房室模型拟合 ,微球高低剂量组均符合有吸收二室开放模型 ,主要药动学参数均表现显著的个体差异。     

实验用猕猴某些生理生化指标的测定

应用全自动血液细胞分析仪、全自动血液生化分析仪和流式细胞仪等仪器测定和分析人工饲养条件下24只健康猕猴清醒状态下血液一般生理生化指标、CD3 、CD4 、CD8 、CD20 细胞阳性率。结果雌性猕猴平均动脉压、收缩压、舒张压极显著低于雄性猕猴(P<0.01),心电图QRS波、T波差异极显著(P<0.01),Q-T段差异显著(P<0.05)。血液常规指标中雄性猕猴白细胞计数极显著低于雌性猕猴(P<0.01)。猕猴碱性磷酸酶、总胆红素差异极显著(P<0.01)、总胆固醇、γ-谷氨酰转移酶差异显著(P<0.05)、甘油三酯显著低于雄性猕猴(P<0.01),而丙氨酸氨基转换酶,天门冬氨酸氨基转换酶差异极显著(P<0.01)、血清肌酐显著高于雄性猕猴(P<0.05)。CD3 、CD4 、CD8 、CD20 细胞阳性率无显著差别。文章为以猕猴作为实验动物的医学实验提供可靠的参考数据,同时证明一些指标受性别影响,在试验中应受到重视。     

Clinical application of computed tomography for the diagnosis of feline hepatic lipidosis

The usefulness of computed tomography (CT) for the diagnosis of feline hepatic lipidosis (FHL) was evaluated. Liver CT number was 54.7+/-5.6 HU (mean+/-SD) in 26 healthy cats. We fast 6 healthy cats for 72 hr to induced FHL experimentally and the cats were assessed by CT and serum biochemical analysis. Liver CT number of the six cats was 53.8+/-3.0 HU before fasting, 46.8+/-2.4 HU after fasting, and 50.2+/-3.6 HU two weeks after restarted feeding. The decreased CT number was associated with the elevation of serum non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and beta-hydroxybutyrate levels. These results indicate that measurement of CT number of the liver is an effective procedure for the diagnosis of FHL.     

乳牛口服大量β-胡萝卜素对维生素A的吸收及钙磷代谢的影响

从北京西郊某农场选取６头健康成年黑白花乳牛,随机分成试验和对照两组。整个试验周期共８周,分为前期,中期和后期。试验结果表明,试验组乳牛血清β－胡萝卜素水平与血清ＡＫＰ活性的变化规律相一致,均于中期时最高,血清ＡＫＰ同工酶酶谱中骨带染色变宽变深;血清维生素Ａ水平呈现逐渐升高趋势;血清钙水平呈下降趋势;血清无机磷水平逐渐下降。据此可以表明,β－胡萝卜素进入机体后,其转化为维生素Ａ的效率在不同的吸收阶段     

环磷酰胺预处理制备兔抗Ⅰ型鸭肝炎病毒高免血清

以正常鸡胚尿囊液和环磷酰胺预处理试验兔, 再以Ⅰ型鸭肝炎病毒（Ｄｕｃｋ Ｈｅｐａｔｉｔｉｓ Ｖｉｒｕｓ Ｔｙｐｅ Ⅰ, ＤＨＶ Ⅰ） 标准强毒（ＡＴＣＣ, Ｃ９／Ｄ２） 接种后致死鸡胚的尿囊液, 经灭活、乳化制成油佐剂抗原多次免疫试验兔, 获得了鸡胚中和效价（ＥＰＤ５０） 达１∶３２ 以上的兔抗Ⅰ型鸭肝炎病毒高免血清（ＤＨＶ ⅠＳ） 。     

高山草地的光谱反射特征及其估产模型

对祁连山东段高山草地中５种植物群落的光谱反射特征进行了测试研究。结果表明：１）草本植物和灌木种群的光谱反射率在可见光波段上无显著差异，但在近红外波段存在显著差异；２）土壤背景和测试仪器高度对群落的光谱反射产生显著影响；３）植物生长盛期，可用近红外波段的反射差异来区分草地植物群落的空间分布：４）草地植物群落的地上植物量与几种变换的植被指数呈显著或极显著的非线性相关。     

Technical note: Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of florfenicol and thiamphenicol in swine feed

One polyclonal antibody against florfenicol and thiamphenicol was produced and a competitive ELISA was developed for the detection of florfenicol and thiamphenicol in swine feed. The ELISA gave a 50% inhibiting concentration of 1.02 ng/mL for florfenicol. For swine feed fortified with 0.05 to 3.0 mg/kg, the interassay recoveries of florfenicol and thiamphenicol ranged from 86.4 to 118.6%, whereas intraassay recoveries of both drug ranged from 90.1 to 126.5% with less than 15% CV. Results obtained from HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry indicated this ELISA procedure could be used as a convenient method for rapid screening of florfenicol and thiamphenicol in swine feed.     

生态文明教育系统:一个亟待完善的服务系统

生态文明教育是形成生态意识和生态行为的重要途径,是影响生态文明建设进程的重要因素.理想的生态文明教育系统是包含家庭教育、学校教育、企业教育和社会教育四大分系统在内的、拥有完整功能和流程的服务系统;各分系统在时间维度上相互衔接、在空间维度上相互独立,并在不同时空发挥各自的作用.但现行的生态文明教育系统尚未意识到其服务属性...     

家蚕有滞育多化性品种滞育卵复式冷藏继代法的研究

利用上年中秋制种的滞育卵经复式冷藏处理,到当年夏蚕期饲养,夏制种再经中秋蚕期饲养,进行了有滞育多化性品种的省力保种试验.夏蚕期其生命力较对照组低1.2%~1.9%,生种率上升16.0%,差异达显著程度.中秋蚕期生命力高1.0%,生种率低0.9%,完全恢复正常.重复试验,结果一致.有滞育多化性品种用滞育卵复式冷藏处理一年二次省力保种是可行的.     

Multiple amino acid substitutions are involved in the adaptation of H9N2 avian influenza virus to mice

To explore adaptation of avian influenza virus to mice we previously performed serial lung-to-lung passages of the influenza A/Chicken/Jiangsu/7/2002 (H9N2) strain, resulting in the isolation of a variant influenza strain lethal for mice. We now report that virulence correlates with improved growth characteristics on mammalian cells and extended tissue tropism in vivo. Sequencing of the complete genomes of the wild-type and mouse-adapted viruses revealed 25 amino acid substitutions. Some were found to reiterate known substitutions in human and swine H9N2 influenza isolates. Functions affected include nuclear localization signals and sites of protein and RNA interaction, while others are known determinants of pathogenicity and host specificity such as the viral polymerase PB2 E627K substitution. These observations suggest that enhanced growth characteristics and modified cell tropism may contribute to increased virulence in mice. We conclude that multiple amino acid substitutions are likely to be involved in the adaptation of H9N2 avian influenza virus to mice.