Development of IP and SCAR markers linked to the yellow seed color gene in Brassica juncea L.

Previous studies showed that the yellow seed color gene of a yellow mustard was located on the A09 chromosome. In this study, the sequences of the molecular markers linked to the yellow seed color gene were analyzed, the gene was primarily mapped to an interval of 23.304 to 29.402M. Twenty genes and eight markers’ sequences in this region were selected to design the IP and SCAR primers. These primers were used to screen a BC₈S₁ population consisting of 1256 individuals. As a result, five IP and five SCAR markers were successfully developed. IP4 and Y1 were located on either side of the yellow seed color gene at a distance of 0.1 and 0.3 cM, respectively. IP1, IP2 and IP3 derived from Bra036827, Bra036828, Bra036829 separately, co-segregated with the target gene. BLAST analysis indicated that the sequences of newly developed markers showed good collinearity with those of the A09 chromosome, and that the target gene might exist between 27.079 and 27.616M. In light of annotations of the genes in this region, only Bra036828 is associated with flavonoid biosynthesis. This gene has high similarity with the TRANSPARENT TESTA6 gene, Bra036828 was hence identified as being the gene possibly responsible for yellow seed color, in our research.     

低蛋白日粮对湘东黑山羊肉品质及肌源性调节因子基因表达的影响

旨在研究低蛋白日粮对山羊胴体品质和肌肉氨基酸与脂肪酸组成以及肌源性调节因子基因表达的影响.选取24头生长期湘东黑山羊母羊,随机分为正常蛋白日粮组(CON组,CP:10.77％,n=12)与低蛋白日粮组(LP组,CP:5.52％,n=12),预试期25 d,正试期45 d.结果表明,LP组肌肉屠宰后24 h的肉色L?值显...     

村庄空心化背景下的农村居民点空间布局重构研究

农村居民点空间布局重构对于指导区域农村居民点整理规划、实现土地可持续发展具有重要意义。笔者以黑龙江省明水县明水镇为研究区,通过计算研究区空心化程度、农村居民点整理的重要性指数、迫切性指数、整理时序指数,对农村居民点的整理时序进行划分,提出农村居民点的整理迁移方案。研究结果表明:研究区各村屯农村居民点空心化现象明显,向阳村张奎英屯空心化率最高;在空心化趋势预测结果中,规划近期城北村空心化增强趋势变化最明显,规划中期互助村空心化增强趋势变化最明显,规划远期向阳村空心化增强趋势变化最明显;在农村居民点整理时序上,保留农居点占总数的35.29%,近期整理农居点占总数的9.8%,中期整理农居点占总数的23.53%,远期整理农居点占总数的31.37%。最后提出合理的整理迁移方案,研究成果为指导县域农村居民点整理规划提供参考和科学依据。     

FSH(M)农用风力提水机的水泵设计与特性分析

与风力提水机配套的水泵是机组的关键部件,一般为高扬程、小流量型的活塞泵和膜片泵。为了进一步提高机组的使用效率,结合近几年应用检验和实验室模拟,分析了两种水泵的结构设计、安装方法和性能优势。针对不同水文水质的水井,合理匹配水泵对提高机组的使用效率和工作寿命、拓展其他应用领域具有借鉴意义。活塞泵在直径120mm以下的塑料管井和铸铁管井中具有优势,但对水质要求较高。囊式膜片泵因采用帘线橡胶代替运动部件而规避了摩擦损伤导致的密封不严故障,提高了容积效率,增强了抗腐蚀能力,扩大了适用范围。通过新能源(风力)提水泵试验中心,可进一步检验活塞泵、膜片泵及其他水泵特性,为利用CFD技术在水泵与流体的瞬态测试、稳态测试和气蚀气缚性能测试等功能实现方面奠定了基础。     

Hop as an interesting source of resveratrol for brewers: optimization of the extraction and quantitative study by liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry

Nowadays, hop is used almost exclusively by brewers for bitterness and flavor. Although hop polyphenols have been widely studied in the past decade for their antioxidant activity in the boiling kettle, very little is known about their real impact on health. The discovery of resveratrol in hop pellets highlights the potential health-promoting effect of moderate beer consumption. Here, we have optimized a quantitative extraction procedure for resveratrol in hop pellets. Preliminary removal of hydrophobic bitter compounds with toluene and cyclohexane at room temperature allows 99% trans-resveratrol recovery by ethanol:water (75:25, v/v) solid/liquid extraction at 60 degrees C. Reverse phase liquid chromatography proves an excellent means of separating isomers. In addition, we have compared two mass spectrometry ionization methods-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) and electrospray ionization (ESI)-in both the positive and the negative modes. On the basis of standard additions applied with the optimized extraction procedure and reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography-APCI(+)-tandem mass spectrometry, it appears that Tomahawk hop pellets (T90, harvest 2002) contain 0.5 ppm trans-resveratrol, 2 ppm trans-piceid, no cis-resveratrol, and 0.9 ppm cis-piceid.     

农业机器人研究现状及发展趋势

对国内外最新农业机器人研究成果进行了综合研究。介绍了农业机器人的国内外发展现状,对当前农业机器人进行分类阐述,分析了当前农业机器人的工作原理和关键技术,最后对我国农业机器人的发展趋势进行了预测。      

Examining the Microbial Degradation of Naphthenic Acids Using Stable Isotope Analysis of Carbon and Nitrogen

Naphthenic acids (NAs) are a complex group of naturally occurring oil sands constituents that constitute a significant portion of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) pool available for microbial degradation in the process-related waste water associated with oil sands mine sites. One approach to understanding the biological fate of oil sands process-derived carbon and nitrogen in aquatic reclamation of the mine sites involves the use of stable isotope analyses. However, for stable isotope analyses to be useful in such field-based assessments, there is a need to determine how microbial degradation of a complex mixture of NAs might change the stable isotope values (δ ¹³C, δ ¹⁵N). In batch cultures and semi-continuous laboratory microcosms, utilization of a commercial mixture of NAs by oil sands-derived microbial cultures resulted in microbial biomass that was similar or slightly ¹³C enriched (1.4‰ to 3.0‰) relative to the DOC source, depending on the length of incubation. Utilization of a NA-containing extract of oil sands processed water resulted in greater ¹³C enrichment of microbial biomass (8.5‰) relative to the DOC source. Overall, the δ ¹³C of the DOC comprised of complex mixtures of NAs showed minimal change (?0.5‰ to ?0.1‰) during the incubation period whereas the δ ¹³C of the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) was more variable (?5.0‰ to +5.4‰). In tests where the concentration of available nitrogen was increased, the final biomass values were ¹⁵N enriched (3.8‰ to 8.4‰) relative to the initial biomass. The isotope trends established in this study should enhance our ability to interpret field-based data from sites with hydrocarbon contamination, particularly in terms of carbon source utilization and ¹⁵N enrichment.     

北方粳稻“植生带”育秧设备定向排种装置的研制

为满足超级稻每穴(2±1)粒种子精量播种的特殊农艺要求,在纸夹定位水稻精密育秧设备研究基础上,研发出一种新型超级稻定向排种装置。初步排种试验表明,该装置可将种箱中杂乱无章的稻种分离出来后,在组合滑道上逐渐沿其长轴方向排列成连续的种子流,为超级稻植生带育秧设备的研制提供理论与实践依据。     

泵用压电振子与泵腔体积变化的测试研究

为了准确获得压电泵泵腔体积的变化量,针对影响泵腔体积变化的关键因素——压电振子的变形特性进行分析,并采取非接触的测量方式对基板直径为65 mm,陶瓷直径为60 mm的圆形压电振子进行变形测试.在测试中对该压电振子的中心点在不同电压信号驱动下振幅随频率、驱动电压的变化规律以及压电振子径向各点在正弦电压信号驱动下振幅随半径的变化规律进行了研究.根据压电振子径向各点振幅的变化规律利用Matlab软件进行二次函数曲线拟合计算,得到压电振子的径向切面变形拟合曲线,根据拟合曲线,建立了压电泵泵腔体积变化量的理论计算方法.结果表明：压电振子中心点振幅随频率的增大而逐渐减小,随驱动电压的增大而增大;径向各点振幅随各点半径的增大而减小;拟合计算结果与实测数据基本吻合,最大相对误差仅为6.96%;利用压电泵泵腔体积变化量的理论计算方法,计算得到利用该圆形压电单晶片振子制作的压电泵在100 V,30 Hz正弦电压信号的作用下,泵腔每次振动产生的体积变化量约为34.009 mm3,理论上最大输出流量为61.216 mL/min.