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101.
Protein of endosperm of maize grains originating from three wild-type inbreds and their opaque-2 versions were solubilized in diverse extracts (E) by the sequential use of 0.5 M NaCl, water (E(1,2)), alcohol plus a reducing agent (E(3)), and salt plus a reducing agent (E(4)). Zeins were isolated in extracts E(3) and E(4) obtained by using 55% (w/w) isopropyl alcohol (i-PrOH) + 0.2% dithiothreitol (DTT) followed by 0.5 M NaCl + 0.2% DTT buffered at pH 10 or 60% tert-butyl alcohol (t-BuOH) + 0.2% DTT followed by 0.5% sodium acetate + 0.2% DTT in 30% t-BuOH. For a given genotype the percentage of extracted zeins was independent of the nature of the alcohol. The latter had a slight effect on the respective magnitude of E(3) and E(4): E(3) increased at the expense of E(4) when t-BuOH was substituted to i-PrOH for their isolation. The percentage of the total endosperm nitrogen present in E(3) + E(4) was identical to that of fractions F(II) + F(III) + F(IV) isolated according to the classical Landry-Moureaux extraction procedure. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed the presence of all types of zeins (alpha, beta, gamma, and delta) in E(3) and F(III), residual zeins in E(4) isolated with t-BuOH, and streaking only in E(4) and F(IV) isolated with NaCl at pH 10. The data together with those of the literature were discussed with regard to the influence of procedure on the yield of zeins using alcoholic extraction. 相似文献
102.
Fabio Donisete Pezzuto de Andrade Sonia Piacente Cosimo Pizza Wagner Vilegas 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(2):255-261
The isolation of three new triterpene saponins 3beta-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-alpha-L-2-O-acetylarabinopyranosylolean-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (2), 3beta-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-alpha-L-O-arabinopyranosylurs-12-en-28-oic acid (3), and 3beta-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-O-galactopyranosylurs-12-en-28-oic acid (4) together with five known saponins and one flavonoid glycoside from the aqueous infusion of Ilex amara (Vellozo) Loes. leaves is reported. All structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including the concerted application of one-dimensional (1H, TOCSY, 13C, and 13C DEPT NMR) and two-dimensional NMR techniques (DQF-COSY, HSQC, and HMBC). 相似文献
103.
Garde S Carbonell M Fernández-García E Medina M Nuñez M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(23):6752-6757
The effect of the addition of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis INIA 415, a strain harboring the structural genes of nisin Z and lacticin 481, on the formation of volatile compounds in Hispánico cheese manufactured with a mesophilic starter or with the mesophilic starter and a thermophilic starter was investigated. Addition of bacteriocin-producing L. lactis subsp. lactis INIA 415 to milk enhanced the formation of 2-methyl-propanal, 2-methylbutanal, 3-methylbutanal, 2-methyl-1-propanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 1-octanol, 2-butanone, and 2,3-butanedione. On the other hand, addition of thermophilic starter enhanced the formation of acetaldehyde, ethanol, 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol, ethyl butanoate, ethyl hexanoate, 2-butanone, and 2,3-butanedione in Hispánico cheese. Stepwise discriminant analysis using the relative abundances of volatile compounds classified cheeses by type of starter, with function 1 related to thermophilic starter and function 2 to bacteriocin producer. 相似文献
104.
荒漠化土地土壤有机质含量的实测光谱估测 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
在对2个荒漠化典型区土壤采样、化验分析和光谱测量的基础上,分析荒漠化土地土壤的反射光谱特征及土壤有机质的光谱敏感范围,构建多种土壤有机质含量高光谱估测模型。结果表明:荒漠化土地土壤具独特的波浪型光谱曲线,其主要特点是在可见光和近红外的500~900nm光谱范围存在一个明显的弓形突起区,其对提取土壤有机质信息有实际意义;相关分析发现,在中心波长分别为600和830nm的可见光和近红外光光谱范围分别存在1个有机质光谱敏感区;土壤有机质含量高光谱估测模型验证结果表明,利用波长588nm处的反射光谱对数lgR588和反射光谱倒数1/R588以及波长835nm处的反射光谱倒数的导数(1/R835)'和反射光谱对数的导数(lgR835)'分别建立的模型,可以较好地估测荒漠化土地土壤有机质含量。 相似文献
105.
为研究不同品种杂种落叶松针叶内抗氧化酶活性的差异,用紫外分光光度法对日本落叶松、兴安落叶松和长白落叶松的杂交后代,共2代7个家系的杂种落叶松针叶内的过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性及其差异进行比较分析。结果表明:2代7个家系杂种落叶松针叶内的CAT、POD和SOD的活性差异极显著(P<0.01),F1代CAT、SOD的活性普遍高于F2代,POD活性低于F2代。在抗氧化酶方面,F1代杂种优势高于F2代,F1代日3×兴2、F2代日12×兴9等具有较好的潜在抗虫性;结合其他抗虫生理指标,该研究结果在选育落叶松抗虫品种过程中有参考价值。 相似文献
106.
不同密度华北落叶松人工林土壤理化性质研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以河北省木兰围场国有林场管理局北沟林场内5种不同密度的华北落叶松人工林为对象,研究林分密度对土壤理化性质的影响,结果发现:林分密度不同程度地影响土壤理化性质。当株数密度为660株/hm2时,土壤的质量含水量、全N及全K含量均保持在一个相对较高的水平;当株数密度从740株/hm2增加到2 000株/hm2时,0~20cm土层的土壤密度先减小后增大,而土壤质量含水量、土壤有机质和全N含量表现出相反的趋势;20~60cm土层的土壤密度与0~20cm土层的变化情况相同,而土壤质量含水量和土壤速效K含量则持续降低,土壤有效P含量呈现出增大趋势;当株数密度达到2 000株/hm2以上时,林地土壤的pH值降低,呈现明显的酸化趋势。过大的林分密度可能导致华北落叶松人工林地土壤酸化与土壤水分、有机质、N和K元素的加速消耗。从维持林地土壤健康的角度,建议将华北落叶松人工林地的林分密度控制在1 500株/hm2左右并且不能超过2 000株/hm2。 相似文献
107.
Consumption of fruits and vegetables, which are rich in polyphenols, has been associated with a reduced risk of chronic diseases such as cancer. Dietary polyphenols have antioxidant and antiproliferative properties that might explain their beneficial effect on cancer prevention. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different pure polyphenols [quercetin, chlorogenic acid, and (-)-epicatechin] and natural fruit extracts (strawberry and plum) on viability or apoptosis of human hepatoma HepG2 cells. The treatment of cells for 18 h with quercetin and fruit extracts reduced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner; however, chlorogenic acid and (-)-epicatechin had no prominent effects on the cell death rate. Similarly, quercetin and strawberry and plum extracts, rather than chlorogenic acid and (-)-epicatechin, induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells. Moreover, quercetin and fruit extracts arrested the G1 phase in the cell cycle progression prior to apoptosis. Quercetin and strawberry and plum extracts may induce apoptosis and contribute to a reduced cell viability in HepG2 cells. 相似文献
108.
Lydie-Stella Koutika Sonia Vanderhoeven Lydie Chapuis-Lardy Nicolas Dassonville Pierre Meerts 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2007,44(2):331-341
Invasive exotic plants can modify soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics and other soil properties. We evaluated changes in particulate
organic matter (POM) and carbon (C) mineralisation in adjacent plots invaded by Solidago gigantea, Prunus serotina, Heracleum mantegazzianum and Fallopia japonica, and non-invaded control plots on different soils in Belgium. Litter decomposition of S. gigantea and P. serotina was compared to that of the native species Epilobium hirsutum, Betula pendula and Fagus sylvatica. Disregarding the differences in site characteristics (soil texture, parental material and plant species), we argued that
the invasion by S. gigantea and P. serotina enhance SOM dynamics by increasing C mineralisation in 2 out of 3 sites invaded by S. gigantea and in 1 out of 3 sites invaded by P. serotina; C in coarse POM (cPOM, 4,000–250 μm) and fine POM (fPOM, 250–50 μm) in 1 site invaded by S. gigantea and C content in total POM (tPOM, 4,000–50 μm) and the organo-mineral fraction (OMF, 0–50 μm) in 1 site invaded by P. serotina. H. mantegazzianum and F. japonica slowed down SOM dynamics by reducing C mineralisation in three out of four sites; C and nitrogen (N) of fPOM in the invaded
compared with the non-invaded plots at one site invaded by H. mantegazzianum. However, N content of cPOM (4,000–250 μm) was higher in the invaded sites by F. japonica compared with the non-invaded plots. Our results indicated that the effects of invasion by exotic plant species were not
species-specific but site-specific. 相似文献
109.
110.