辐照对桔小实蝇幼虫黑化反应与血细胞的影响

本文将黑化反应和血细胞总数(THC)计数两种检测方法用于桔小实蝇幼虫辐照处理后活性检测研究中。黑化研究结果表明:桔小实蝇幼虫经辐照,在-18℃,15 min处死后,室温条件下30 min内黑化程度不明显,但是用作对照的1龄幼虫从1.5 h开始、2龄幼虫从2 h开始、3龄幼虫从2.5 h开始虫体显著变黑,而经辐照的虫体变黑的时间比对照样至少延迟.0.5 h,且辐照剂量越大,黑化反应出现的时间越晚。表明辐照会抑制幼虫黑化,黑化反应可用于快速检测实蝇幼虫是否经过辐照。血细胞总数计数研究结果表明辐照处理的桔小实蝇幼虫血细胞总数显著减少,且同一辐照剂量下,龄期越高,血细胞总数越多。利用上述两种方法可定性判定桔小实蝇幼虫是否经过辐照处理。     

花椰菜白色花球变紫代谢物的测定及主成分分析

花椰菜生产中低温、高温、水分或盐分胁迫等常常导致白色花球变紫,严重时甚至完全失去商品价值,给生产造成巨大损失,迄今为止花椰菜白色花球变紫的代谢产物尚不清楚.为了深入解析花椰菜白色花球变紫机制,利用液相色谱串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)方法测定了花椰菜花球变紫前后代谢物.共检测出10种花青素成分,白色花球样本间花青素含量差...     

Bioparticulate solubilization and biodegradation in semi-continuous aerobic thermophilic digestion

The effects of charge size, cycle time, and the presence of added N on the extent of solubilization and biodegradation of microbial solids were investigated during semi-continuous operation of an aerobic thermophilic digestion process. Use of a charge size of 50% of the bioreactor operating volume resulted in the removal of more than 59% of the total suspended solids concentration in the feed and showed enhanced performance compared with when a 25% charge size was used. The addition of a supplementary N source resulted in enhanced dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations with the 50% charge size, but did not affect overall solids removal. With the 25% charge size, addition of a supplementary N source resulted in an overall improvement in process performance.     

Inhibitory effect of canstatin RNA transfection on the growth of cultured rabbit vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: To investigate the effect of canstatin on cultured rabbit vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMC). METHODS: By means of cationic liposome mediated method, canstatin RNA was transferred into cultured VSMC. The proliferation quantity of VSMC were determined by the cell counting method and thymidine(-TdR) incorporation. RESULTS: Canstatin RNA could be effectively transferred into cultured primary rabbit aortic smooth muscle cells by the cationic liposome-Dosper and could markedly inhibit VSMC proliferation. CONCLUSION: Transfection of canstatin RNA could inhibit the growth of VSMC in vitro.     

Verbreitung des durch Scleroderris lagerbergii Gr. verursachten Schwarzkieferntriebsterbens in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland

Distribution of dieback in Pinus nigra caused by Scleroderris lagerbergii Gr. in the Federal Republic of Germany. In the Federal Republic of Germany dieback of Pinus nigra caused by Scleroderris lagerbergii was observed in almost all States both along the coast and also in the interior of the country, on flat and on hilly situations. Killing of single trees or of whole stands is observed mainly in 8–25 years old Pinus nigra plantations.     

Medetomidine-butorphanol combination anesthesia in the dog]

The combination of Medetomidine and Butorphanol leads to a sufficient sedation with good analgesia and is thus superior to the application of Medetomidine only. By reducing the dosage of Medetomidine, reduced cardio-respiratory side-effects are to be expected. The comparative application of the two Butorphanol preparations Torbugesic (group T) and Morphasol (group M) did not show any differences concerning effect and tolerance. No statistically significant and clinically relevant differences between the two groups were observed for any of the parameters.     

氟中毒对家蚕幼虫中肠组织糖原分解代谢调节的影响

用酶偶合系统测定了氟中毒对家蚕幼虫中肠组织糖原磷酸化酶活性的影响，其结果人氟中毒使中肠糖原磷酸化酶ａ型和ｂ型的活性均明显下降，特别是ｂ型的活性下降幅度较大。由此时以认为，氟中毒抑制了家蚕幼虫中肠组织内糖的分解代谢，使细胞的能量供应减少。     

The Use of Dairy Protocols for Sperm Cryopreservation of Blue Catfish Ictalurus furcatus

The commercial‐scale production of fish by use of artificial (induced) spawning would require reliable, large‐volume sources of sperm. Cryopreservation can be used to preserve and store sperm within commercial and research germplasm repositories, but is limited in its application to aquaculture. Straw volume and cooling chamber size restrict the quantity of sperm that can be frozen, and straws must be filled by hand. In contrast, the dairy industry has refined methods for freezing of bull sperm, including automation of straw filling and the use of large cooling chambers. These methods could be used for commercial‐scale cryopreservation of fish sperm, although application would require testing. To supply sperm in large volumes, bags originally developed for swine semen could be cooled using dairy protocols and used as a container for fish sperm. The current study documented the use of commercial‐scale dairy cryopreservation techniques for the production of hybrids of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus (female) by blue catfish Ictalurus furcarus. Four cryoprotectants (methanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl acetamide, and glycerol) were initially evaluated for use with blue catfish sperm. During May 2000 and March to April 2001, suspensions of blue catfish sperm were cryopreserved with 10% methanol in 0.5‐mL French straws and in commercial swine semen bags (Cochette^* bags, IMV International. Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA). Cryopreservation took place at a dairy breeding cooperative, using technology employed for bull semen. Sperm motility before freezing was 26 ± 18% during Year 1 (2000) and 62 ± 30% during 2001. Sperm were thawed at 40 C and used to fertilize the eggs of channel catfish (yielding hybrids). Motility after thawing for sperm frozen in 0.5‐mL straws was 11 ± 10% during 2000 and 50 ± 24% during 2001. Motility after thawing was 41 ± 17% for sperm frozen in swine semen bags in 5‐mL aliquots and 43 ± 10% for sperm frozen in 10‐mL aliquots. Neurulation of eggs fertilized with thawed sperm from straws was 83 ± 13% during 2000 and 54 ± 27% during 2001. Neurulation was 57 ± 24% using sperm frozen in swine semen bags in 5‐mL aliquots and 55 ± 10% using sperm frozen in 10‐mL aliquots. There was no correlation between sperm motility before freezing (in 0.5‐mL straws) and after thawing during 2000 (r= 0.52) or during 2001 (r= 0.49). In addition, there was no correlation between initial motility and neurulation of channel catfish eggs fertilized using thawed sperm during 2000 (r= 0.14) or during 2001 (r= 0.29). Sperm of blue catfish can thus be cryopreserved at a commercial scale using dairy protocols and can be made available for the production of hybrid catfish when viable eggs are available.