植物根际促生菌（PGPR）对缓解水稻受土壤锌胁迫的作用

为解决农田重金属污染的严重环境问题,提出利用植物根际促生菌（Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria,PGPR）来缓解农作物受重金属胁迫的科学设想。研究从大宝山污染土壤中筛选出的Pb2＋、Cd2＋、Cu2＋、Zn2＋耐性菌株,经鉴定为芽孢杆菌属（Bacillussp.DBM）,菌株DBM具有产吲哚乙酸（IAA）和ACC脱氨酶能力,但无产铁载体能力。盆栽试验结果表明,菌株DBM在水稻受重金属Zn（600mg.kg-1）胁迫时能有效保护并促进水稻的生长,使其地上部和地下部干重比不加菌处理对照分别提高97.8%和77.2%。另外,菌株DBM可以增加土壤中Zn的有效态含量,但不能增强水稻对土壤Zn的吸收能力。相反,在Zn600处理下,水稻地上部和地下部Zn浓度分别比不加菌处理对照减少15.1%和19.9%。但由于促生效果也极为显著,其地上部和地下部Zn总量仍分别比不加菌处理对照增加74.2%和48.6%。     

保水剂对橡胶树专用肥氮钾淋出特性的影响

[目的]探寻减少橡胶树专用肥淋溶损失的途径,提高橡胶树专用肥利用率。[方法]采用在橡胶树专用肥中添加保水剂的方法,模拟橡胶树每年第3次施肥期(9月份)的降雨量,开展间歇性土柱淋溶试验。研究了CMC(羧甲基纤维素钠),PAM(聚丙烯酰胺)和PAA(聚丙烯酸钠)这3种保水剂对橡胶树专用肥氮素、钾素释放特征及淋溶损失的影响,筛选保水剂及合理施用比例。[结果]3种保水剂对橡胶树专用肥中氮素、钾素的淋失均有抑制作用,其中保水剂PAM用量为6%时对橡胶树专用肥中的氮素、钾素淋失抑制效果最佳。该处理对氮素、钾素首次淋失抑制率分别为44.73%,57.16%,淋溶结束时氮素、钾素累积淋出量分别较未添加保水剂的对照处理减少了20.20%,14.87%。[结论]在橡胶树专用肥中添加保水剂可有效降低橡胶树专用肥中氮素、钾素的淋溶损失。     

水分胁迫对不同甘蔗品种叶绿素a荧光动力学的影响

利用 OS5- FL调制式叶绿素荧光分析仪研究水分胁迫对不同甘蔗品种叶片叶绿素 a荧光动力学的影响 .结果表明 :水分胁迫下蔗叶可变荧光产量 (Fv值 )下降 ,T1/ 2 减少 ,蔗叶光系统 (PS )原初光能转换效率(Fv/ Fm)和 PS 潜在活性 (Fv/ Fo)降低 ;蔗叶可变荧光衰减能力 (Δ Fv)下降 ,光合作用潜在活力降低 ,影响光合电子传递和 CO2 同化的正常进行 ,表现为可变荧光淬灭速率 (Δ Fv/ Fo)减慢 ,荧光下降比值 (Δ Fv/ Ft值 )变小 ,光合量子产额 (Yield)减少 .同时还讨论了水分胁迫对蔗叶光合作用影响的机制     

玉米细菌性枯萎病和玉米内州萎焉病的酶联免疫—实时荧光PCR检测

针对玉米细菌性枯萎病和玉米内州萎焉病这两种检疫性病菌进行酶联免疫—实时荧光PCR检测研究,对该方法进行了特异性、灵敏度以及实际样品模拟试验。结果表明,该方法具有较好的特异性,检测低限在100~200 cfu·mL-1,同时可用于实际样品的检测鉴定。     

Quantitative fluorescence PCR for rapid prenatal diagnosis of common chromosome aneuploidies

AIM:To evaluate the effectiveness of quantitative fluorescence PCR(QF-PCR) as a method for rapid prenatal diagnosis of common chromosome aneuploidyies. METHODS:Polymorphism information contents(PIC) of each short tandem repeat(STR) in 95 cases of amniotic fluid samples were detected by QF-PCR and the data were compared with the results of routine chromosome karyotype analysis. RESULTS:The results of QF-PCR included 63 normal samples and 14 trisomy 21, 4 trisomy 18, 3(45, X) and 8(47, XXX). The rapid QF-PCR assay was successful to detect all aneuploidies involving chromosomes 21, 18, 13, X and Y in prenatal diagnosis, which were verified by chromosome karyotype analysis. The results showed that the total coincidence rate between QF-PCR and routine chromosome karyotype analysis was 96.8%. CONCLUSION:The QF-PCR is a reliable method of detecting common chromosome aneuploidies for rapid prenatal diagnosis.     

烯啶虫胺在柑橘和土壤中的残留及消解动态

应用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)建立了烯啶虫胺在柑橘和土壤中的残留分析方法,并采用该方法研究了烯啶虫胺在田间柑橘和土壤中的消解动态。样品分别采用乙腈和甲醇提取,UPLC-MS/MS检测,外标法定量。在0.1~5 mg/L质量浓度范围内,烯啶虫胺的仪器 响应值与质量浓度呈良好线性关系,相关系数均在0.99以上。该方法的最小检出量为1.0×10-11 g, 在柑橘和土壤中的最低检测浓度均为0.05 mg/kg。当添加水平为0.05~2 mg/kg时,回收率在70.8%~104.1%之间,相对标准偏差在4.7%~12.3%之间。消解动态试验结果表明,烯啶虫胺在柑橘和土壤中消解的半衰期分别为3.4~10.7 d和1.8~5.4 d,表明烯啶虫胺属于易降解农药(t1/2<30 d)。     

Suramin alleviates hypertrophic scar in mice by inhibiting fibroplasia and inflammatory response

AIM: To investigate the therapeutical effect of suramin on hypertrophic scar (HPS) and its mechanism. METHODS: After the mouse model of HPS was established by mechanical stretching, the suramin solution at low dose (5 mg/kg) and high dose (10 mg/kg) was applied onto the scar site caused by mechanical load in mice by transdermal administration once a day for 10 d. The degree of scar hyperplasia was observed by macroscopy. The scar cross-sectional area and scar elevation index in the HPS tissues were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The expression levels of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in HPS tissues were detected by immumohistochemical staining. The expression level of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in HPS tissues was detected by immunofluorescence staining, RT-qPCR and Western blot. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6, IL-10 and TGF-β1 in the HPS tissues were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: Macroscopic observation showed that the surface areas of scar in the HPS mice after treatment with suramin at low and high doses were significantly reduced (P<0.01). HE staining results showed that the scar cross-sectional area and the scar elevation index of HPS mice after treatment with suramin at low and high doses were significantly reduced (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The results of immunofluorescence staining, RT-qPCR and Western blot showed that the number of α-SMA positive cells and the mRNA and protein expression of α-SMA in scar tissues of HPS mice after treatment with suramin at low and high doses were significantly decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression levels of TGF-β1 and IL-6 in scar tissues of HPS mice after treatment with suramin at low and high doses were significantly reduced (P<0.01). The results of ELISA showed that the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and TGF-β1 in the scar tissues of HPS mice after treatment with suramin at low and high doses were significantly reduced (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Suramin inhibits the formation of HPS, which may be related to the inhibition of fibroplasia and reduction of local inflammatory response.     

氯化钠改性沸石对氨氮的吸附作用

采用30℃和90℃的NaCl溶液改性浙江缙云产天然沸石,通过静态吸附实验考察天然沸石及改性沸石对溶液中氨氮的吸附能力及机制,结果表明,NaCl改性可以提高沸石对氨氮的吸附能力。天然沸石及NaCl改性沸石对氨氮的吸附动力学过程符合“初期快速吸附,后期缓慢稳定”的特点。假二级动力学模型适合描述天然沸石及NaCl改性沸石对氨氮的吸附过程,颗粒内扩散模型仅适合于描述吸附反应初期天然沸石及NaCl改性沸石对氨氮的吸附过程。天然沸石和NaCl改性沸石对溶液中氨氮的吸附过程满足Langmuir和Freundlich等温吸附模型。90℃ NaCl改性沸石、30℃ NaCl改性沸石及天然沸石的氨氮饱和吸附量分别为19.5 mg/g、17.8 mg/g和17.2 mg/g。离子交换作用决定了溶液中氨氮向天然沸石及NaCl改性沸石的全部转移量。     

维生素A水平对生长猪生产性能、肝脏维生素A含量和血清免疫参数的影响

试验研究饲粮添加不同水平维生素A(VA) (0、1300、2600、5000、10000、15000IU/kg)对22 -50kg生长猪生产性能、胴体品质、胴体无脂瘦肉增重、肝脏和血浆中VA含量、血清免疫参数的影响。结果表明 ,添加VA1300 -10000IU/kg 提高了日增重 (P>0.05)、极显著地降低料重比 (P<0.01) ;但VA添加水平从1300IU/kg增加至10000IU/kg,料重比显著提高 (P<0.05) ,采食量也极显著提高 (P<0.01)。各组屠宰率、瘦肉率、脂肪率、背膘厚、胴体瘦肉成分都无显著差异 (P>0.05) ,眼肌面积则随VA水平的升高而趋于增大(P>0.05)。胴体瘦肉和无脂瘦肉日增重在添加VA1300IU/kg 和10000IU/kg两组间很接近 ,而且优于其它组 (P<0.05)。随着VA水平的提高 ,肝脏中VA含量极显著提高 (P<0.01) ,至添加VA10000IU/kg组最高 ,之后略下降 ;添加VA有使血浆中VA含量升高的趋势 (P>0.05)。各组血清中IgG、IgA、IgM含量都无显著差异 (P>0.05) ,添加VA使T淋巴细胞中CD3+ 和CD8+ 亚群比例趋于升高 (P>0.05),随着添加VA水平提高 ,血清T淋巴细胞中CD4+/CD8+比值趋于下降 ,至添加VA10000IU/kg 组最低 ,在VA15000IU/kg 组又明显上升 (P>0.05)。以肝脏中VA含量为指标 ,生长猪VA适宜水平为在基础饲料上添加10000IU/kg ,但根据生产性能等其它指标 ,添加1300IU     

亚洲璃眼蜱唾液腺一新功能基因的克隆与测序

HaB1是亚洲璃眼蜱雌成蜱唾液腺差异表达基因文库中的一个片段,根据其序列设计引物HaB1-GSP1和HaB1-GSP2,以唾液腺总RNA为模板,RACE法扩增获得HaB1的未知3′-末端。测定该末端序列,进行序列拼接,设计全长引物5-′CCAGTCCGAAGGAAGGGCG-3′和5-′TCTC-CGGGCACGTGAAGTGTC-3′。以cDNA第一链为模板,扩增获得基因全长。经核查表明,该基因为一新基因(登录号AY803896)。