大豆主要农艺性状杂种优势与配合力的研究

本文以6个大豆品种及其15个正交组合的杂种F_1代为材料,研究了大豆10个主要农艺性状的杂种优势,并进行了配合力分析。结果表明:大豆杂种优势普遍存在,并主要表现在产量上。各性状随机区组和配合力方差分析都达到显著水平。一般配合力效应分析以开育8号、吉林21号、吉林18号一般配合力较好。亲本自身表现与一般配合力紧密相关。杂种优势与配合力存在内在的联系。文中探讨了利用F_1遗传信息,对指导亲本选配及其它育种原则的作用和意义。     

微卫星DNA标记及其在检疫性实蝇种群遗传学中的研究应用

微卫星DNA是一种广泛用于种群遗传学研究的分子标记技术,具有共显性标记、反应速度快、重复性好和结果可靠等特点。本文在概述微卫星标记的原理、特点、位点筛选和引物设计的基础上,系统分析了该技术在检疫性实蝇(小条实蝇属、果实蝇属等)种群遗传关系中的研究与应用。     

海南兰科植物新记录

本文报道了海南兰科植物3新记录种,分别是全唇叉柱兰[Cheirostylis takeoi (Hayata) Schltr]、兰屿芋兰（Nervilia lanyuensis S. S. Ying）和台湾隐柱兰（Cryptostylis taiwaniana Masam）。凭证标本存于上海辰山植物园标本馆（CSH）。     

Genetic manipulation for enhancing calcium content in potato tuber

Increased calcium (Ca) in potatoes may increase the production rate by enhancing tuber quality and storability. Additionally, increased Ca levels in important agricultural crops may help ameliorate the incidence of osteoporosis. However, the capacity to alter Ca levels in potato tubers through genetic manipulations has not been previously addressed. Here we demonstrate that potato tubers expressing the Arabidopsis H+/Ca2+ transporter sCAX1 (N-terminal autoinhibitory domain truncated version of CAtion eXchanger 1) contain up to 3-fold more Ca than wild-type tubers. The increased Ca appears to be distributed throughout the tuber. The sCAX1-expressing potatoes have normally undergone the tuber/plant/tuber cycle for three generations; the trait appeared stable through successive generations. The expression of sCAX1 does not appear to alter potato growth and development. Furthermore, increased Ca levels in sCAX1-expressing tubers do not appear to alter tuber morphology or yield. Given the preponderance of potato consumption worldwide, these transgenic plants may be a means of marginally increasing Ca intake levels in the population. To our knowledge, this study represents the first attempts to use biotechnology to increase the Ca content of potatoes.     

生物安全三级实验室生物安全风险点的识别与控制?

BSL-3实验室须经国家生物安全认可和严格的实验活动审批才能开展相应活动,是国家(地区)开展高致病性病原微生物实验活动的重要技术支撑平台。实验室生物安全风险点易发生在样本及菌毒种的接收、传递和保存,动物实验,污水以及固体废弃物处理等环节,而实验室的意外事件(电力故障、火灾、积水等)与生物安保漏洞也会造成重大的生物安全事故。提示应准确地识别风险并通过人员日常监管、标准操作规程、两级屏障设施和个人防护装备等系列措施对生物安全风险点予以严格控制。     

土壤中POPs检测方法参数的优化

 研究了环境土壤中部分毒害性有机污染物的多残留监测确证技术,采用符合实际的采样方案,应用超声提取、固相萃取前处理及净化手段,充分发挥气相色谱（GC）双柱双检测器和气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）选择离子监测（SIM）优势互补技术,建立了环境土壤中艾氏剂等10种持久性有机污染物多残留检测确证方法。充分挖掘GC和MS的互补优化技术,通过标准添加和对实际样品的监测,证明方法具有前处理简洁、速度快、定量检测和定性确证结合、适合批量等优点。     

栽培甜菜和白花甜菜种间杂交后代无融合生殖的观察

栽培甜菜和白花甜菜杂交获得的Ｆ＿１代以栽培甜菜连续回交产生了Ｂ＿１Ｆ＿２代和Ｂ＿２Ｆ＿３代￣［４］．在Ｂ＿２Ｆ＿３代中，２ｎ＝２７的植株达３０．１９％，推测其中大多数染色体组仍为ＶＶＣ。具有ＶＶＣ染色体组的核型中，含９个白花甜菜校长的染色体和１８个较短的栽培甜菜染色体，差别明显，易于区分。我们通过对Ｂ＿１Ｆ＿２（Ｂ１４，２ｎ＝２７）和Ｂ＿２Ｆ－３（２ｎ＝２７）植株间形态特征相似性比较、两个世代植株有丝分裂特异核型比较、两类植株减粉分裂行为比较、过氧化物酶和酯酶同工酶酶谱相似性比较，有力地证明了栽培甜菜和白花甜菜种间杂交后代中，从Ｂ＿１Ｆ＿２（Ｂ１４）到Ｂ＿２Ｆ＿３之间传递上存在着无融合生殖现象。     

包虫病宣传片《格桑花开》宣传效果评估

《格桑花开》是首次以情景剧形式进行人兽共患病防治宣传而拍摄的科普影片.影片开播后,各省组织农牧民,通过集中播放或自行观看等方式进行防治知识宣传.为评价《格桑花开》的宣传干预效果,播放1年后,在新疆、青海、甘肃、四川4省区抽取农牧民进行包虫病防控知识、态度、行为问卷调查.结果显示:与干预前的基线调查相比,养殖户的包虫病防...     

Characterization of viral polypeptides from avian rotavirus

The synthesis of avian rotavirus (AvRV-1) polypeptides in MA 104 cells was investigated. Extracts of cells labeled with either [35S]methionine or [3H]mannose were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Viral protein synthesis was detected first at 6 hours postinfection. Ten major viral polypeptides were detected at this time. The presence of five viral structural proteins (100K, 90K, 88K, 45K, and 37K) were demonstrated in AvRV-1-infected cells by immunoprecipitation analysis. One structural polypeptide (37K) was identified as a glycoprotein. Two viral polypeptides (30K and 28K) were identified as nonstructural glycoproteins. By tunicamycin inhibition of glycosylation, a 32K polypeptide was identified. This 32K polypeptide later was proven to be the precursor of 37K structural glycoprotein by immunoprecipitation analysis, beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase H (Endo H) treatment, and peptide mapping analysis. Avian rotavirus contained high-mannose oligosaccharide content in the glycoproteins similar to the glycoproteins of mammalian rotaviruses.