几个玉米自交系和杂交种耐低磷能力的研究

采用水培法对玉米自交系和杂交种进行了耐低磷能力指标鉴定,提出了利用耐低磷综合指数评价不同材料耐低磷能力的方法。结果表明,低磷胁迫对玉米幼苗形态表现、干物质积累、磷积累量及磷利用效率均有显著影响,但不同指标对不同玉米基因型的影响程度并不一致。综合指数分析结果,自交系698-3H和杂交种正红6号的综合耐低磷能力较强,分别属于磷高效利用型和高效吸收型;自交系K335和杂交种正红115的综合耐低磷能力较弱。     

寡果糖对蛋用鹌鹑生产性能、脂肪代谢、免疫和内分泌机能的影响

10月龄蛋用鹌鹑 50羽 ,随机分为对照组 (基础日粮 )和试验组 (基础日粮添加 0 9%寡果糖 ) ,研究日粮添加寡果糖 (FOS)对蛋用鹌鹑生产性能、脂肪代谢、免疫及内分泌机能的影响。结果表明 :试验组鹌鹑的产蛋率和蛋重提高 ,料蛋比下降 ;血清总胆固醇 (P <0 0 5)和蛋黄胆固醇浓度降低 ;T淋巴细胞转化率和血液中三碘甲腺原氨酸 (T3)水平显著提高 (P <0 0 5)。试验结果表明 ,寡果糖对蛋用鹌鹑产蛋性能有一定促进作用 ,显著影响脂肪代谢 ,提高细胞免疫功能 ,同时使血液中甲状腺激素水平发生显著变化。     

多源遥感数据融合原理与模型结构及应用

在对多源遥感数据融合原理进行系统分析的基础上,从3方面阐述多源遥感数据融合的模型结构,对国内外多源遥感数据融合的应用进行评述,对多源遥感数据融合的发展方向进行了预测.     

Seasonal variation in the hip score of dogs as assessed by the New Zealand Veterinary Association Hip Dysplasia scheme

Abstract

AIM: To determine whether there is a seasonal variation in the phenotypic hip score of dogs born in New Zealand as assessed by the New Zealand Veterinary Association (NZVA) canine hip dysplasia (CHD) scheme.

METHODS: Data from dogs born in New Zealand between 1988 and 2009 that have been scored for CHD were retrospectively evaluated for the effect of month of birth on radiographic phenotype. Data included both the total score and the subtotal score, comprising Norberg's angle, the subluxation score and changes to the cranial acetabular edge, for each dog. Datasets were created for all breeds combined and for the four most populous breeds using the scheme (German Shepherd dog, Labrador Retriever, Golden Retriever and Rottweiler) and stratified according to month of birth and season. Due to the skewed nature of the data, a Kruskal–Wallis Rank Sum test was used to test for statistical significance. Additionally, χ² analysis was performed using the median of each dataset (proportion above/below the median). The null hypothesis was that there would be no effect of month of birth, and hence seasonality, on hip phenotype for dogs born and scored in New Zealand by the NZVA.

RESULTS: For all breeds combined, month of birth had an effect on total and subtotal NZVA CHD scores (p<0.001) with a lower total hip score in the autumn months of March and April than other months. When individual large breed data were analysed, there was an effect of month of birth on total and subtotal scores for the Labrador Retriever and the Rottweiler (p≤0.05), but not the German Shepherd dog or Golden Retriever breeds.

CONCLUSIONS: Being born in the autumn was associated with a protective effect on hip phenotype in some breeds. These results suggest that weather and/or another seasonal factor may have a significant environmental effect on the phenotype of the coxofemoral joint.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The protective effect of being born in autumn suggests that a decreased level of exercise during subsequent development over winter may positively impact on final coxofemoral joint conformation. Whilst statistically significant, the magnitude of the sparing effect is not likely to be clinically relevant. However, this study, in concert with other studies, may suggest that the effects of exercise can be manipulated to improve hip phenotype.     

日粮中添加大豆黄酮对鹌鹑生产性能和血液中激素水平的影响

本试验采用了 3个生产阶段的蛋用鹌鹑。 35日龄开产期蛋用鹌鹑日粮中添加 3mg/kg大豆黄酮 ,鹌鹑的产蛋率和血液中T3 水平均发生显著性提高 (P <0 0 5 )。 7月龄蛋用鹌鹑日粮中添加 3mg/kg大豆黄酮 ,可显著提高鹌鹑的产蛋率 (P <0 0 5 )和血液中T3 水平 (P <0 0 5 ) ;而日粮中添加 6mg/kg大豆黄酮则使鹌鹑的产蛋率显著下降 (P <0 0 5 )。 12月龄蛋用鹌鹑日粮中添加 6mg/kg大豆黄酮 ,鹌鹑的产蛋率提高 10 3% (P <0 0 1) ;血液中T3 、T4和IGF 1水平分别提高 34 8% (P <0 0 1)、2 7 6 % (P <0 0 5 )和 30 8% (P <0 0 5 )。本次研究结果表明 ,日粮中添加一定剂量大豆黄酮能显著增加开产期、高峰期和后期蛋用鹌鹑的产蛋率 ,并影响其内分泌机能     

利用ILP标记分析水稻籼粳杂交亲本和衍生系的籼粳分化

 【目的】揭示水稻籼粳杂交亲本和衍生系的籼粳分化度,为培育实用型籼粳亚种间杂交稻提供理论和实践依据。【方法】以通过不断聚合和累加不同广亲和基因与恢复基因的方法,历时21年,4个育种阶段,涉及18个籼粳杂交亲本和39个衍生系为研究材料,采用籼粳特异ILP分子标记（水稻内含子长度多态性分子标记）和程氏形态指数法进行籼粳分化度检测。【结果】57个供试材料基因组DNA在所检测位点上均存在籼粳分化。18个亲本共检测出4个粳稻、5个偏粳、8个偏籼和1个籼稻类型。在18个亲本中, 明恢63和9308的粳稻成分分别为12.50%和33.33%;粳型恢复系C418的粳稻成分仅有31.25%。39个籼粳杂交衍生系共检测出1个粳稻、11个偏粳、20个偏籼和7个籼稻类型。其中,粳型衍生系明恢502的粳稻成分仅占10.42%。ILP标记法与形态指数法判定籼粳分类结果的吻合度较好,粳稻成分指数、籼稻成分指数与程氏指数综合值的相关系数分别为r=0.794**和r=-0.7662**。【结论】ILP标记具有准确检测籼（粳）成分比例的功能;研究籼粳分化可以合理解释籼粳型恢复系配组的杂交稻表现明显杂种优势的原因,对有效利用籼粳亚种间优良基因具有重要作用。     

高新技术在生态农业中的应用与展望

介绍了高新技术在国内外的发展状况及其影响,根据自身的研究实践,比较详细地叙述了各种高新技术在生态农业建设过程中的应用情况,并结合我国实际情况,提出面向循环经济范式的生态农业高新技术发展方向,为我国农业的可持续发展提供技术保证。     

发酵豆粕对黑猪断奶仔猪生长性能和免疫指标的影响

为研究发酵豆粕对黑猪断奶仔猪生长性能和免疫指标的影响,试验选择25日龄、体重为(6.2±0.3)kg的仔猪108头,随机分为3组(对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组),每组3个重复,每个重复12头,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别用发酵豆粕代替基础饲粮中5％和10％的普通豆粕,进行为期28 d饲养试验,测定分析生长性能和免疫指标...     

19份玉米EMS诱变系的抗旱性评价

采用20%PEG-6000室内模拟干旱环境对EMS化学诱变获得的19份M4代诱变系进行干旱胁迫,选用相对发芽率、可溶性糖胁迫指数、离体叶片失水率、相对株高和丙二醛胁迫指数5个抗旱性指标,运用模糊隶属函数法进行综合评价,筛选出R08Y1427、K305Y1413、R08Y1421和K305Y1403等4个抗旱性较好的诱变系,为玉米的抗旱育种提供了物质基础。同时也证明EMS化学诱变可改良玉米自交系的抗旱性。