Terminal ileitis in lambs

Terminal ileitis was diagnosed in three flocks of lambs in different areas of Alberta. Salient clinical features in affected lambs were progressive emaciation with diarrhea, and in some lambs, frequent abdominal stretching. Postmortem findings included thickening of the ileal, and in some animals, the jejunal, cecal and colonic mucosa as a result of mucosal infiltrates of many lymphocytes and fewer plasma cells, eosinophils, globular leukocytes, and neutrophils. Hyperplasia of intestinal lymphoid tissue was prominent in most affected lambs. The cause of the condition is unknown.     

Surfactant and water migration in unsaturated sand

• 1 In unsaturated coarse disperse materials such as sand, the water on the surface is continous and ‘deep’ enough to be an adequate medium for the migration of surface active substances (SAS).
• 2 The influence of the tangential force on water migration in unsaturated coarse disperse material is studied by compensating the capillary pressure difference caused by the surface tension gradient.
• 3 The influence on water migration in unsaturated disperse materials exerted by the additional pressure difference, originating from SAS migration, is comparable to that exerted by capillary pressure difference.