几种化学方法对鲜蛋表面杀菌效果的对比研究

鲜蛋的消毒杀菌是洁蛋生产的必要步骤。本试验参照相应国标,采用经济适用、操作简便的几种不同化学试剂(乙醇、次氯酸钠、高锰酸钾、氢氧化钠、碳酸钠、过氧化氢、二氧化氯)对鲜蛋蛋壳表面进行杀菌处理,并进行菌落总数、大肠菌落数的测定及37℃贮藏期间保鲜试验,以确定较为优良的鲜蛋消毒方法。杀菌试验结果显示二氧化氯、乙醇、高锰酸钾及次氯酸钠处理效果均较为优良,但综合贮藏期间的保鲜效果,二氧化氯处理组和次氯酸钠处理组效果最佳。     

不同饲养条件对蝇蛆生长发育及蛹虫繁殖性能的影响

在不同饲养条件下饲养蝇蛆,从而建立蝇蛆养殖的最优环境组合量化标准.选择培养基基料中不同奶粉添加量、培养基湿度及饲养密度3个主要因素,每因素设4个水平,进行交叉组合试验,共有64个处理,每个处理设3个重复,观测每个组合条件下饲养蝇蛆的蛆重、蛆长、蛹重、蛹长等指标,以评价这些因素对蝇蛆生长发育及蛹虫繁殖性能的影响.单因素方...     

2018年安徽省部分地区A型禽流感流行率横断面研究

为了解安徽省A型禽流感病毒感染情况,2018年4—5月,在安徽省北部、中部和南部7个市,随机选取各类型场点173个,在每个场点内随机采集35份咽喉/泄殖腔和环境拭子样品,使用荧光RT-PCR进行A型、H5亚型、H7亚型流感病毒核酸检测。结果显示：在4个养殖场、3个活禽批发市场和17个农贸市场检出了A型禽流感病毒,场点阳性率分别为2.9%（4/140）、75.0%（3/4）、80.9%（17/21）,未检出H5和H7亚型流感病毒核酸;A型禽流感群体流行率为11.2%（95%CI：6.5%~15.8%）,个体流行率为1.2%（95%CI：0.9%~1.5%）;活禽交易市场内,禽群感染A型禽流感病毒的风险较高（OR=136,95%CI：32.7~549.4）。结果表明,A型禽流感病毒在养殖和交易环节存在一定的污染,而在活禽交易市场的污染更严重,是今后禽流感防控的重点,需继续加强活禽交易市场的管理和消毒灭源工作。     

伊维菌素控制春乏期羊狂蝇蛆病试验

目的为有效预防和控制羊狂蝇蛆病的发生。方法选用伊维菌素在羊狂蝇成虫完全消失的11月进行驱杀羊狂蝇蛆试验,并以敌敌畏熏蒸作为对照。结果在来年羊狂蝇成蝇出现之前的长达7个月的冬春枯草季节,伊维菌素组驱虫率和驱净率均保持100％,而敌敌畏熏蒸组驱虫率保持94．69％,驱净率仅保持60％。结论选择每年11月份用伊维菌素驱虫一次,可使羊在冬春季节无任何阶段羊狂蝇幼虫寄生。     

Response of Thawed Epidi dymal Red Deer Spermatozoa to Increasing Concentrations of Hydrogen Peroxide,and Importance of Individual Male Variability

Oxidative stress represents a challenge during sperm manipulation. We have tested the effect of increasing hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) levels on red deer spermatozoa after cryopreservation, and the role of male‐to‐male variation in that response. In a first experiment, eight thawed samples were submitted to 0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 μm H₂O₂ for 2 h at 37°C. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (H₂DCFDA‐CM) increased with H₂O₂ concentration, but we only detected a decrease in sperm function (motility by CASA and chromatin damage by sperm chromatin structure assay) with 200 μm . Lipoperoxidation assessed by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) method increased slightly with 50 μm H₂O₂ and above. In a second experiment, samples from seven males were submitted to 0 and 200 μm H₂O₂ for 2 h, triplicating the experiment within each male. Males differed at thawing and regarding their response to incubation and H₂O₂ presence. We found that the kinematic parameters reflected male‐to‐male variability, whereas the response of the different males was similar for lipid peroxidation and viability. A multiparametric analysis showed that males grouped differently if samples were assessed after thawing, after incubation without H₂O₂ or after incubation with H₂O₂. Red deer spermatozoa are relatively resilient to H₂O₂ after thawing, but it seems to be a great male‐to‐male variability regarding the response to oxidative stress. The acknowledgement of this individual variability might improve the development of optimized sperm work protocols.     

Cytotoxicity of gamma-ray in rat immature hippocampal neurons

This in vitro study evaluated the detrimental effect of acute gamma (γ)-irradiation on rat immature hippocampal neurons. Rat immature hippocampal neurons (0.5 day in vitro) were irradiated with 0~4 Gy γ-rays. Cytotoxicity was analyzed using a lactate dehydrogenase release assay at 24 h after γ-irradiation. Radiation-induced cytotoxicity in immature hippocampal neurons increased in a dose-dependent manner. Pre-treatments of pro-apoptotic caspase inhibitors and anti-oxidative substances significantly blocked γ-irradiation-induced cytotoxicity in immature hippocampal neurons. The results suggest that the caspase-dependent cytotoxicity of γ-rays in immature hippocampal cultured neurons may be caused by oxidative stress.     

猪场母仔保健——“四提高两避免”

<正>母猪生产中重复着产仔─哺乳─断奶─空怀─配种─妊娠─再次产仔的周期。产仔、断奶、配种是母猪在生产周期中的短期行为,由接产技术、断奶技术、配种技术支持;而哺乳、空怀、妊娠则是长期行     

肠出血性大肠杆菌O157 ler基因缺失突变株的构建及其特性

以肠出血性大肠杆菌O157∶H786～24为始发菌株,利用自杀性载体pCVD442,根据同源重组的原理敲除了染色体上的ler基因,构建了O157∶H7 ler基因缺失突变菌株,并对其生物学特性进行了初步研究。荧光定量PCR试验结果表明,始发菌株对HEp-2细胞的平均黏附数量是突变菌株的17倍。试验也证实了ler基因对LEE致病岛毒力基因的正调控作用,这为O157∶H7基因缺失突变弱毒疫苗株的建立奠定了基础。