N,N′-二（对硝基苯基）-2,2-′（对苯二氧基）二乙酰胺的合成、结构及计算

以对硝基苯基氯乙酰胺和对苯二酚为原料,在丙酮溶液中反应合成了N,N′-二(对硝基苯基)-2,2-′(对苯二氧基)二乙酰胺.在室温下采用自然扩散溶剂DM F和乙醇混合溶液(1∶20,体积分数)得到了适合于X射线衍射分析的单晶体.依据晶体结构数据建立了分子结构模型,并利用量子化学半经验PM 3方法进行结构优化计算和频率分析.M u lliken电荷布居分析表明分子中醚氧原子和羰基氧原子上都带有大量负电荷,并且与分子内的氢原子之间有氢键作用.     

切根、截顶对湿地松裸根苗生长调控效果的研究

在江西景德镇和安徽泾县布置了１年生湿地松裸根苗生长后期切和截顶试验，研究其对苗木形态和造林表现的效应及其例题应用制度。两年的结果表明，切根苗的高、径及主根形态指标均低于未切根苗，而侧须根系增加，早切根多次切根处理效应最显著。     

竹材防腐防霉处理研究

本文论述了三种处理方法和七种防腐剂配方处理毛竹(片材)和浙江淡竹(竹竿)。气干材用热冷槽法和常压浸渍法,生材采用竹液置换法。这些方法很适合我国的国情。热冷槽法采用1.5小时热煮,48小时冷浸;常压浸渍20天左右;竹液置换法约8天,均能达到预期的药剂吸收量和透入度。此外,还进行了防腐处理竹材的室内抗霉试验和力学强度试验。野外抗腐试验正在进行中。     

伊春市农林交错地带的森林防火工作新举措

分析了伊春市北部农林交错地带森林防火状况,吸引农民参加森林管护经营,促进森林防火工作设想提出的原因、背景及实施的可能性。阐述了允许农民参加森林管护经营,促进森林防火工作的具体做法;农民参与森林管护经营初现创收、防火双赢效果以及对完善农民参与森林管护经营的再思考。     

早熟型高产板栗栽培技术

针对富阳市板栗生产上存在的问题,在广泛调查基础上,选用新登镇王村的1株早熟型板栗优株,进行嫁接繁殖、育苗造林试验,经5年的连续验证,该无性系具有早熟,早实、丰产、高产等优良特性,而且还具有抗干旱、耐瘠薄的能力。5年生平均株产3.85kg,合每公顷产板栗3225kg,超过了杭州市科委下达的丰产指标的4.3倍,特别是该板栗无性系果实在9月上旬提早成熟,从而提高商品的经济价值。通过对早熟型高产板栗栽培技术研究实践,形成了1个从良种选育、培育壮苗、合理修剪、生长素应用和营林管理一套丰产栽培技术体系,这将对今后板栗生产的发展有一定的促进作用。     

Plant biotechnology: A case study ofBacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and its application to the future of genetic engineered trees

Agricultural productivity may be raised in a sustainable way by many different technologies such as biological fertilizers, soil and water conservation, biodiversity conservation, improved pest control, and changes in land ownership and distribution. Of these measures, biotechnology applications probably hold the most promise in augmenting conventional agricultural productivity, because biotechnology applications give not only the need to increase production, but also protect the environment and conserving natural resources for future generations. Biotechnology applications will have the possibilities to increase productivity and food availability through better agronomic performance of new varieties, including resistance to pests; rapid multiplication of disease-free plants; ability to obtain natural plant products using tissue culture; diagnosis of diseases of plants and livestock; manipulation of reproduction methods increasing the efficiency of breeding; and the provision of incentives for greater participation by the private sector through investments. Insect resistance through the transfer of a gene for resistance fromBacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is one of the most advanced biotechnology applications already being commercialized in many parts of the world. This paper reviews the development and the status ofBt technology and application ofBt transgenic plants in current agriculture, and discusses specific issues related to the transfer of the technology to the future of genetic engineered trees with emphasis on conifers. Biography: Tang Wei (1964-), male, Ph. Doctor, Research associate, Department of Biology, Howell Science Complex, East Carelina University, Greenville, NC 27858-4353, USA. Responsible editor: Chal Ruihai     

珠海市板樟山森林公园休闲保健型森林营建的研究

森林的多目标利用是当前林业界努力探索的方向,其中以维护大众健康为主的利用价值可能最易受到重视,休闲保健型森林以供人们休闲游憩、强身健体为主要经营目的,其营建在中国刚刚起步,其类型,作用、地位、意义,营建项目,途径和措施,以及与国民健康的关系等诸多方面不为大多数人所了解,本文强调森林在现代人休闲活动中的重要性,归纳了休闲保健型森林对人们精神,身体、技能诸方面的功效,以及休闲保健型森林的3种服务模式,介绍了珠海市板樟山森林公园休闲保健型森林的营建,并提出进一步改造的途径和措施;（1）诱鸟森林的营建;诱鸟林的选址,诱鸟林的植物配置,诱鸟区的活动项目设置。（2）休闲保健型森林改造的途径与措施;（1）营建四季分明,山花烂漫的森林;（2）具有人体保健功能的树种改造;（3）推行森林浴活动;（4）林相的整理与维护;（5）在自然保护的同时兼顾景观维护;（6）推行解说服务。     

林木遗传工程及木质素的生物合成调节(英文)

林木遗传工程有利于保存林木遗传资源，改善全球气候，减轻自然林的过度采伐和满足人类日益增长的林木产品需求。控制林木真菌、病毒病、虫害和杂草的遗传工程方法正被广泛地研究和应用。尽管转基因林木的历史不长，种类不多，但它有广泛的应用前景。目前，抗除草剂基因、抗虫基因以及和木材质量相关的基因已被分离并应用于林木遗传工程。植物分子生物学和基因组学中的新技术使得高效林木遗传改良成为可能并将促进这些技术的商业化应用。木质素的应用已有一百年的历史，但木质素生物合成的全过程并不完全清楚。有关松树自然突变体和转基因林木的最新研究结果表明，木质素的生物合成是一个可以调节的过程。这些发现对完善木质素的生物合成途径、加深对木质素前体生物合成途径的理解和通过遗传工程改善木材质量有促进作用。本文综述了林木遗传工程在这些领域中取得的一些进展。     

Altitudinal patterns of the flora of seed plants of Dawei Mountain in Yunnan Province, south China

Altitudinal gradient incorporates multiple resource gradients, which vary continuously in different fashions. It is important to study the mountain floristic patterns along altitudinal gradients, which reveal the regular pattern of the flora along the environmental gradients, the changing trend of biodiversity patterns along the altitudinal gradient, and relevance of biological fitness. To explore the compositional characteristics and ecological significance of floristic patterns along altitudinal gradient in China National Nature Reserve of Dawei Mountain in the southeast of Yunnan Province, field investigations have been made to the flora along the two routes of the southwest slope and the northeast slope of the said reserve, including a vertical vegetation transect. Meanwhile, further investigations have also been made to the flora of Dawei Mountain, which has been accounted for in the literature, as Flora Yunnan, The Seed Plant in Yunnan, and so on. The structural characteristics of the flora and the altitudinal distribution pattern of its floristic components were analyzed. By applying systematic cluster analysis, the altitudinal position of the dividing line of floristic changes along altitudinal gradient was detected, and the effects of the montane climate on the vertical variation of floristic composition were studied. Conclusions were put forward. This paper can be summarized as follows: (1) The obvious boundary that differentiates tropical floristic elements is located at the altitude of approximately 1,500 m; it is reasonable to stipulate the boundary line between tropical rain forests and the evergreen broad-leaved forests. (2) The vertical vegetation spectrum made by cluster analysis shows that humid rain forests are below 700 m a.s.l, montane rain forests are between 700 and 1,500 m, monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forests are between 1,300 and 1,800 m, and montane mossy evergreen broad-leaved forests are above 1,800 m a.s.l. Nonrepresentative montane mossy dwarf forests (above 2,100 m) in the area are distributed in windward sides and in barren land on the mountain slopes. __________ Translated from Acta Phytoecologica Sinica, 2005, 29(6): 894–900 [译自: 植物生态学报]