不同驱虫药驱虫后伊犁马血液生化指标变化的研究

[目的] 研究不同驱虫药对伊犁马血液生化指标的影响,为伊犁马科学驱虫及健康养殖提供参考。[方法] 将平均体重（265.5±35.6）kg、出生日期相近的40匹1岁伊犁马随机分为5组,每组8匹,分别为对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组和试验Ⅳ组。在相同的饲养管理和日粮营养水平条件下,对照组不驱虫,在试验开始第1天,试验Ⅰ组使用伊维菌素驱虫,试验Ⅱ组使用吡喹酮驱虫,试验Ⅲ组使用阿苯达唑驱虫,试验Ⅳ组使用伊维菌素和阿苯达唑的混合药剂驱虫;在试验第14天采集马匹血液样品,测定血浆氮代谢指标、葡萄糖及酶相关指标、脂代谢指标及金属离子指标。[结果] ①试验Ⅲ组总蛋白（TP）浓度最低,与对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组及试验Ⅳ组相比,分别降低了8.16%、7.15%、4.98%及6.62%（P>0.05）。对照组及各试验组白蛋白（ALB）、尿素（UREA）浓度均无显著（P>0.05）差异。与对照组相比,试验Ⅲ组及试验Ⅳ组血浆中UREA浓度分别降低了33.15%及36.10%（P>0.05）。②与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组、试验Ⅳ组丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）活力分别降低了26.51%、21.11%、47.14%及52.38%（P>0.05）。试验Ⅲ组血浆中碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活力低于对照组,降低了0.19%（P>0.05）。与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅳ组的乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活力显著（P<0.05）升高,分别提高了17.84%、13.51%;谷草转氨酶（AST）活力分别提高了5.40%和4.08%（P>0.05）。③对照组血浆中甘油三酯（TG）、肌酐（CREA）及尿酸（UA）的含量与各试验组相比均无显著（P>0.05）差异。试验Ⅰ组及试验Ⅳ组血浆中CREA浓度较对照组分别提高13.38%和9.86%（P>0.05）。试验Ⅱ组血浆中胆碱酯酶（CHE）活力显著（P<0.05）高于试验Ⅲ组,提高了17.70%。④对照组血浆中Mg²⁺浓度与各试验组相比差异不显著（P>0.05）;试验Ⅲ组血浆中Ca²⁺浓度最低,与对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组及试验Ⅳ组相比,分别降低了23.44%、16.40%、25.89%及21.43%（P<0.05）。[结论] 综合来看,使用伊维菌素和阿苯达唑混合驱虫,对伊犁马血浆中的氮代谢、糖脂代谢指标及肝功能代谢酶活力改善效果更明显。     

曲拉通和硝酸混合溶液直接提取快速测定草鱼中铅含量

为建立快速测定草鱼中铅含量的方法,通过分析曲拉通和硝酸混合溶液浓度、提取时间、称样定容体积比例等因素的影响,以及基体改进剂的使用效果,确定了草鱼中铅元素提取测定的最佳条件。验证结果显示：采用曲拉通和硝酸混合溶液提取草鱼中铅元素方法的提取率为86.5%～95.6%,加标回收率为91.5%～95.6%,精密度均小于4.0%,检出限和定量限分别为0.011和0.032 mg/kg,满足了国家标准GB 5009.12—2017第一法石墨炉原子吸收光谱法的要求。与国家标准方法比较,本研究建立方法的样品前处理时间从4～12 h缩短至0.2 h内,酸试剂用量从湿法消解的7～12 mL减少至1～2 mL;前处理过程无需高温消解,无需其他前处理设备,避免了样品污染和待测元素损失,实现了降低分析成本以及保护环境和试验人员的目的。结果表明,该方法是一种简单、准确、绿色、快速测定草鱼中铅含量的方法,尤其适合大量样品检测。     

不同居群垂穗披碱草种子生理生化、营养特性与其萌发时滞的相关性

【目的】揭示影响垂穗披碱草种子萌发时滞的关键因素。【方法】对不同居群野生垂穗披碱草种子的萌发时滞、生理生化特性、内源营养物质含量及其环境因子进行差异比较。【结果】居群P2种子萌发时滞最短,为6.0 d,P8萌发时滞最长,达到47.3 d。居群P5种子千粒重最大,为4.2 g,较千粒重最小居群P6高82.6%(P<0.05)。P8种子的脯氨酸（Pro）含量和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性最高,分别较最低的P1和P4提高了517%和14.2%(P<0.05);P1的丙二醛（MDA）含量最低,较P7降低了34.9%(P<0.05),过氧化物酶（POD）活性和磷（P）含量最高,分别是P5和P4的3倍、4倍（P<0.05）;P3的电导率（Ec）值最低,较P6降低了43.1%,超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性最大,较P2提高12.8%(P<0.05);P5的可溶性糖和淀粉含量最高,分别较含量最低的P6和P1提高了87%、110%(P<0.05);P4的N含量最高,较P7提高了59.6%(P<0.05);P9的K含量最高,较P4提高了27.2%(P<0.05)。...     

Analysis on the Claims Caused by the Defect of Contract

The engineering contract is composed of many documents between client and contractor, such as agreement, notification of award, tender and appendix to bid, conditions for particular application, instruction to bidders, technical specifications, design drawings and bill of quantities etc. Because of the limited time and money to prepare these documents, the defect is unavoidable. The defects include omittance, equivocalness, conflict and mistake. These defects often lead to claims.     

Using midday stem water potential for scheduling deficit irrigation in mid–late maturing peach trees under Mediterranean conditions

Irrigation techniques that reduce water applications are increasingly applied in areas with scarce water resources. In this study, the effect of two regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) strategies on peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. “Catherine”] performance was studied over three growing seasons. The experimental site was located in Murcia (SE Spain), a Mediterranean region. Two RDI strategies (restricting water applications at stage II of fruit development and postharvest) based on stem water potential (Ψ_s) thresholds (?1.5 and ?1.8 MPa during fruit growth and ?1.5 and ?2.0 MPa during postharvest) were compared to a fully irrigated control. Soil water content (θ_v), Ψ_s, gas exchange parameters, vegetative growth, crop load, yield and fruit quality were determined. RDI treatments showed significantly lower values of θ_v and Ψ_s than control trees when irrigation water was restricted, causing reductions in stomatal conductance and photosynthesis rates. Vegetative growth was reduced by RDI, as lower shoot lengths and pruning weights were observed under those treatments when compared to control. However, fruit size and yield were unaffected, and fruit quality was slightly improved by RDI. Water savings from 43 to 65 % were achieved depending on the year and the RDI strategy, and no negative carryover effect was detected during the study period. In conclusion, RDI strategies using Ψ_s thresholds for scheduling irrigation in mid–late maturing peach trees under Mediterranean conditions are viable options to save water without compromising yield and even improving fruit quality.     

自主式移动机器人定位坐标平滑算法研究

为了提高基于全局视觉导航的移动机器人的全局绝对定位精度，提出了一种适用于较大工作空间的摄像机参数分区标定方法，并借用数字图像中邻域的概念，定义了小区域的8—邻域关系，利用模糊数学的方法确定了中心区域及其邻域的权值函数，有效解决了各小区域边界的定位坐标平滑过渡问题。该平滑算法是一种计算模板，计算量不会因小区域的面积和小区域的个数的增加而增加，对于区域的内部和边缘计算一样有效。     

如何建立成本分析模板服务一拖公司的产品结构调整

介绍一拖公司财务部在传统的成本分析理论基础上,建立了成本因素分析方法,为各单位产品成本管理和决策工作提供及时、快速的分析工具,并协助各单位找出影响利润的关键点,以改善盈利能力,提升产品竞争力;同时,建立完善了产品谱系盈利分析模板,引导一拖公司通过产品结构调整,提升集团公司的创利能力。     

太阳能干燥装置设计及热研2号柱花草低温干燥试验

利用太阳能空气集热器、干燥仓、传感系统、控制系统、鼓风机等自行设计了太阳能干燥平台,在此平台上进行热研2号柱花草低温干燥试验,研究实时太阳辐射下的集热器接收辐射强度、干燥仓进出口温度、相对湿度、温度差、湿度差等对柱花草干燥的影响。试验结果表明:牧草干燥大致分为3个阶段,牧草含水率在3个阶段的干燥速率约为0.243、0.140 5、0.039 2%/min,牧草干燥效率较自然日晒显著提高。通过干燥参数和牧草质量变化的散点图,建立多元线性线性回归方程,相关系数为0.986 5,与试验结果符合良好,有助于进一步对干燥工艺进行优化。     

Subsurface drip irrigation of onions: Effects of drip tape emitter spacing on yield and quality

Improved irrigation water use efficiency is an important component of sustainable agricultural production. Efficient water delivery systems such as subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) can contribute immensely towards improving crop water use efficiency and conserving water. However, critical management considerations such as choice of SDI tube, emitter spacing and installation depth are necessary to attain improved irrigation efficiencies and production benefits. In this study, we evaluated the effects of subsurface drip tape emitter spacing (15, 20 and 30 cm) on yield and quality of sweet onions grown at two locations in South Texas—Weslaco and Los Ebanos. Season-long cumulative crop evapotranspiration (ETc) was 513 mm in Weslaco and 407 mm at Los Ebanos. Total crop water input (rain + irrigation) at Weslaco was roughly equal to ETc (92% ETc) whereas at Los Ebanos, water inputs exceeded ETc by about 35%. Onion yields ranged from 58.5 to 70.3 t ha⁻¹ but were not affected by drip tube emitter spacing. Onion pungency (pyruvic acid development) and soluble solids concentration were also not significantly influenced by treatments. Crop water use efficiency was slightly higher at Weslaco (13.7 kg/m³) than at Los Ebanos (11.7 kg/m³) partly because of differences in total water inputs resulting from differences in irrigation management. The absence of any significant effects of drip tape emitter spacing on onion yield may be due to the fact that irrigation was managed to provide roughly similar irrigation amounts and optimum soil moisture conditions in all treatments.