普通白菜(香青菜)黑杂-1号的选育

黑杂-1号普通白菜(香青菜)是利用不结球白菜Ogura雄性不育源黑不育1和自交系太黑香青菜配制而成的一代杂种。黑不育1的不育率、不育度均为100%,苗期和低温条件下不黄化,蜜腺发育正常,自然状态下能正常结实。黑杂-1号植株半直立,株型松散,株高30~35 cm,开展度50 cm,叶片椭圆形、深绿色、有光泽、全缘,叶面起皱不平,叶脉明显,叶柄绿白色、扁平,单株质量500 g左右,炒食香味浓郁;对病毒病、霜霉病和菌核病的抗性强于黑叶香青菜;每667 m2成株产量2 000 kg左右,小菜产量1 000 kg左右,适合江苏、上海、浙江、河北、安徽、山东、辽宁、四川等地推广种植。     

蔬菜生产在土壤重金属污染治理中的作用

由于人们对工业高度发达的负面影响预料不够,预防不利,导致污染事件时有发生.但污水、黑烟、臭气都能被人能直接的感觉到,而土壤污染是看不见的一种污染,它往往不能给人以直接的感受,而是通过其他途径来表现,如粮食减产、绝收,蔬菜产量品质下降.     

陕西省鸡肾型传染性支气管炎病毒的分离鉴定

从临床表现呼吸道传染病的20个发病鸡群中先后分离出18株病毒,通过鸡胚感染、血清学试验、分子生物学试验、动物回归试验证明其中13株是冠状病毒科的鸡传染性支气管炎病毒,3株为新城疫病毒,2株为H9禽流感病毒。该13株中的BJ2、FF2、YL2、B01、G5、YX、WH、WG分离毒具有很强的嗜肾性和致病力,这8个陕西流行株的血清型与W118毒株相同,而与IBVGray株、W93株有一定的差异。结果表明,陕西地区主要流行鸡肾型传染性支气管炎,且流行株具有强致病力。     

改进型B-P神经网络优选木耳牛奶发酵酸乳工艺参数的研究

在木耳酸乳工艺参数设计中,使用自适应调节学习步长修正BP神经网络,模拟参数试验,用计算机取代全面试验和寻找最佳工艺参数的方法,并建立数学模型。其最佳工艺参数为:木耳浸提液用量为7%,蔗糖、琼脂添加量分别为6%和0.4%,接种量为5%,发酵温度为42℃,发酵时间7h。通过对比实验,最终优选出工艺参数所得出的结果符合实际实验情况。     

动物肠道益生菌地衣芽孢杆菌的筛选及培养基的优化

为了研制新型微生态制剂,以常用益生菌株--地衣芽孢杆菌（Bacillus licheniformis）为试验菌株,在测定了初发菌株的极限耐受性后,运用紫外诱变技术筛选到了一株耐酸性较强,耐胆汁,耐高温的地衣芽孢杆菌D-11.其极限耐受条件为：pH 4.18,胆盐浓度0.4 g/L,温度58 ℃.并通过试验对该菌株进行了形态和生理生化特征的鉴定.最后通过单因素和正交试验对地衣芽孢杆菌D-11的发酵培养基成分配比进行了选择和优化,为以后的工业化生产提供依据.结果显示当培养基的配比浓度为：玉米淀粉15 g/L、豆粕粉90 g/L、玉米浆6 g/L时菌体的培养效果最好.     

猪、鸡间空肠弯曲杆菌感染分布状况的调查研究

目的:对入沪28个产地(河南开封、山东青岛、江苏南通、浙江金华、上海奉贤等地)的鸡、猪进行了空肠弯曲杆菌流行分布调查,了解空肠弯曲杆菌在不同动物种间的分布状况。方法:以空肠弯曲杆菌特异性的VS1基因为扩增目标片段,对2005～2007年间在上海市三家家禽市场和五家生猪屠宰场采集的2234(鸡1015份、猪1219份)盲肠内容物样品进行PCR检测。结果:鸡盲肠内容物检出空肠弯曲杆菌阳性的样品288份,平均阳性率为28.4%,猪盲肠内容物检出空肠弯曲杆菌阳性的样品420份,平均阳性率为34.4%。结论:28个产地的鸡、猪均有空肠弯曲杆菌感染,不同产地、种属其感染率和发病情况不同,经统计学分析显示,猪的感染阳性率显著高于鸡,上海市内(奉贤等地)来源的畜禽感染阳性率显著低于浙江金华、江苏海门、江苏张家港和江苏大丰等外省市地区。     

The anti VEGF monoclonal antibody conjugated with nanometer particle of 5-FU

AIM:The characteristics of nanometer particles, which were prepared by the conjugation of anti-VEGF monoclonal antibodies and 5-fluorouracil-loaded polylactic acid nanometer particles (5-FU-NPs), were investigated for improving the anticancer activity of 5-FU. METHODS:The method of couple linkage of chemical bonds was used to prepare the 5-FU-NPs with VEGF antibody, then the appearance, distribution of particle diameter, releasing in vitro and the immunological activity were detected. RESULTS:The 5-FU-Ab-NPs appeared as regular globular, the average particle diameter was (202±23)nm. The 5-FU-Ab-NPs possessed the similar delayed release character of 5-FUs. More than 80% of the immmunogical activity were detected in conjugates-retained antibody by the immunological methods and electron microscopy. CONCLUSION:The 5-FU-Ab-NPs possess the similar delayed released activity to 5-FU-NPs and have double activity of immune targeting and delayed releasing, which may increase the local concentration of 5-FU.     

Ultrastructural study on scab resistance expressed in epidermal pectin layers of pear leaves

Proliferation and collapse of subcuticular hyphae of Venturia nashicola race 1 were studied ultrastructurally, after inoculation of susceptible Japanese pear cv. Kousui, resistant Japanese pear cv. Kinchaku, resistant Asian pear strain Mamenashi 12 and nonhost European pear cv. Flemish Beauty leaves, to understand the nature of the resistance mechanism. After cuticle penetration by the pathogen, the hyphae were observed at lower frequency in epidermal pectin layers and middle lamellae of leaves of the three resistant plants than in those of susceptible ones. This result suggested that fungal growth was suppressed in the incompatible interaction between pear and V. nashicola race 1. In the pectin layers of all inoculated plants, some hyphae had modifications such as breaks in the plasmalemma with plasmolysis, necrotic cytoplasm and degraded cell walls. More hyphae had collapsed in the leaves of the three resistant plants than in those of the susceptible cv. Kousui. In collapsed hyphae, the polymerized cell walls broke into numerous fibrous and amorphous pieces, showing that the scab resistance might be associated with cell wall-degrading enzymes from pear plants.     

芸香科及樟科8种植物提取物对荔枝蒂蛀虫的产卵驱避作用

测试了芸香科及樟科8种植物的乙醇提取物对荔枝蒂蛀虫的产卵驱避作用,发现四季橘和沙田柚提取物对该虫产卵具有较高的驱避作用,选择性驱避率分别为84.26%、53.90%,非选择驱避率分别为90.14%、60.83%;而九里香提取物则对荔枝蒂蛀虫的产卵具有一定的引诱作用。对四季橘提取物用不同的溶剂初步分离后发现,氯仿层和乙酸乙酯层萃取物对该虫的驱避作用最高,分别为84.67%、86.63%,即其活性成分主要分布在氯仿层和乙酸乙酯层萃取物中。     

家天牛在中国的适生区分析

家天牛原产于非洲北部的阿特拉斯山脉,是木材和具木质结构建筑物的重要害虫。本文运用CLIMEX气候模型的气候相似系数法对该虫在中国的适生区进行了分析和预测。结果表明,中国大陆有21个省区33个市、县(地区)适合该虫生存,大体分布于23.22°N～40.59°N,99.09°E～123.32°E范围内。