Die Bedeutung der freien Aminosäuren der pflanzlichen Erzeugnisse in der Ernährung

Zusammenfassung Die Verteilung der freien Aminosäuren in Ungarn und in den Tropen gezüchteter Gemüse und Obstarten wurde Untersucht.Obst is gewöhnlich arm an freien Aminosäuren und deshalb spielt es in der Versorgung mit essentiellen Aminosäuren nur eine bescheidene Rolle.Die Gemüsearten in Ungarn sichern bei Berücksichtigung des Jahresverbrauchs den Bedarf an verschiedenen essentiellen Aminosäuren für 25 bis 144 Tage. Der Anteil der essentiellen Aminosäuren erreicht jedoch nicht den Optimalwert.Während der Reifung einiger Obstarten, z.B. Bananen, Tomaten, kann der Gehalt an freien Aminosäuren auf etwa das Doppelte ansteigen.

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The nutritional importance of free amino-acids in plant products

The free amino acid pattern of plants grown in Hungary and the same tropical species showed a strong similarity in identical phases of ripening. The total free amino acid content of some fruits, e.g. bananas or tomatoes, may be doubled during ripening.The examined fruits were, in general, poor in free amino acids, thus, they play only a very subordinate role in our supply of essential amino acids.Taking into account the annual consumption in Hungary, the consumed vegetables cover the requirement of the various essential amino acids for 25 to 144 days. However, the proportion of the essential amino acids does not attain the optimum value.

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Résumé L'auteur a étudié la répartition des acides aminés libres des plantes cultivées en Hongrie à celles des mèmes espèces tropicales. On a trouvér — dans les phases identiques de maturité — une grande ressemblance.Les fruits sont généralement pauvres en aminoacides libres et ils ne jouent qu'un rôle peu important dans la satisfaction de nos besoins.Les légumes, en tenant compte de la consommation annuelle en Hongrie, assurent les besoins en aminoacides essentielles pour 25 à 144 jours, mais le rapport des aminoacides essentielles ne correspond pas au rapport optimal.Dans quelques fruits, p.e. les bananes ou les tomates, la teneur totale en aminoacides peut se redoubler lors du mûrissement.

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Vortrag, gehalten auf der gemeinsamen Tagung der Internationalen Vereinigung zur Erforschung der Qualität von Nahrungspflanzen (CIQ) und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Qualitätsforschung (Pflanzliche Nahrungsmittel) e.V. (DGQ) in Berlin am 6. Oktober 1972.     

Potato virus Y (PVY) in Seed Potato Certification

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - In the EU and many other countries worldwide, seed potatoes require certification to be marketed. In most of the European national and international seed...     

Impact of Stolbur Phytoplasmas on Potato Tuber Texture and Sugar Content of Selected Potato Cultivars

Potato stolbur is a phytoplasmal disease that seriously affects yield and tuber quality in South Eastern Europe, Russia and the Mediterranean areas. In 2007 and 2008, field experiments were carried out to determine stolbur resistance of processing potato cultivars at Sannicolau Mare (Romania) by determining consistency and concentration of reducing sugars (fructose and glucose), sucrose and phytoplasmas in potato tubers. In both years, non-symptomatic potato tubers showed sucrose levels in the range of 3,000 mg kg⁻¹ fresh weight (FW). In contrast, sucrose concentrations were up to 11,820 mg kg⁻¹ FW in 2007 and 19,560 mg kg⁻¹ FW in 2008 in tubers showing severe symptoms. These high values severely affect suitability of tubers for processing as sucrose serves as substrate for the formation of reducing sugars that are the limiting factor in fried potato production for Maillard-related discolouration. The cultivars examined differed considerably in susceptibility to stolbur disease. Whereas cvs. ‘Courage’ and ‘Lady Rosetta’ showed high numbers of diseased tubers and high sucrose concentrations, ‘Lady Claire’ had a lower incidence of symptomatic tubers and lower sucrose concentrations. However, fully resistant cultivars were not observed. Across all cultivars examined, phytoplasmal concentration was significantly higher in symptomatic tubers than in non-symptomatic ones.     

Abrupt climate events 500,000 to 340,000 years ago: evidence from subpolar north atlantic sediments

Subpolar North Atlantic proxy records document millennial-scale climate variations 500,000 to 340,000 years ago. The cycles have an approximately constant pacing that is similar to that documented for the last glacial cycle. These findings suggest that such climate variations are inherent to the late Pleistocene, regardless of glacial state. Sea surface temperature during the warm peak of Marine Isotope Stage 11 (MIS 11) varied by 0.5 degrees to 1 degrees C, less than the 4 degrees to 4.5 degrees C estimated during times of ice growth and the 3 degrees C estimated for glacial maxima. Coherent deep ocean circulation changes were associated with glacial oscillations in sea surface temperature.     

Magnetic Field and Plasma Observations at Mars: Initial Results of the Mars Global Surveyor Mission

The magnetometer and electron reflectometer investigation (MAG/ER) on the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft has obtained magnetic field and plasma observations throughout the near-Mars environment, from beyond the influence of Mars to just above the surface (at an altitude of approximately 100 kilometers). The solar wind interaction with Mars is in many ways similar to that at Venus and at an active comet, that is, primarily an ionospheric-atmospheric interaction. No significant planetary magnetic field of global scale has been detected to date (<2 x 10(21) Gauss-cubic centimeter), but here the discovery of multiple magnetic anomalies of small spatial scale in the crust of Mars is reported.     

The structure of the upper atmosphere of mars: In situ accelerometer measurements from mars global surveyor

The Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) z-axis accelerometer has obtained over 200 vertical structures of thermospheric density, temperature, and pressure, ranging from 110 to 170 kilometers, compared to only three previous such vertical structures. In November 1997, a regional dust storm in the Southern Hemisphere triggered an unexpectedly large thermospheric response at mid-northern latitudes, increasing the altitude of thermospheric pressure surfaces there by as much as 8 kilometers and indicating a strong global thermospheric response to a regional dust storm. Throughout the MGS mission, thermospheric density bulges have been detected on opposite sides of the planet near 90 degreesE and 90 degreesW, in the vicinity of maximum terrain heights. This wave 2 pattern may be caused by topographically-forced planetary waves propagating up from the lower atmosphere.     

Ecotypic differences and performance of the genetic resources of cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) in north-west Spain

Quantitative traits and allozymes were used in two experiments to clarify the ecotypic differentiation of natural cocksfoot ( Dactylis glomerata ) populations from north-west Spain. Thirty-nine populations belonging to the four main ecotypes in Galicia were cultivated in two field experiments. In the first experiment, there were significant differences between ecotypes for heading date, flag leaf length, growth habit and vigour. Coastal populations were the least infected by rust. In the second experiment, allozyme markers presumed to be diagnostic for ssp. glomerata vs. izcoi ( TO1 1·00, TO1 1·03) were found in all populations studied (ten tetraploids and one diploid izcoi ). This suggests that gene flow occurs between coastal and interior populations. Culm and panicle lengths of tetraploids (without application of fertilizer) were inside the izcoi range in 1997, but some plants from all populations exceeded it in 1998. It is concluded that ssp. izcoi also occurs on the coast. Populations with a high level of complementary seasonal growth were detected.