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81.
Rosario Torres Carla Nunes José María García Maribel Abadias Inmaculada Viñas Teresa Manso Manuel Olmo Josep Usall 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2007,118(1):73-83
We determined the potential of using a formulated product based on Pantoea agglomerans CPA-2, either alone or in combination with heated sodium bicarbonate (SBC) solutions, to control the major postharvest diseases
affecting citrus crops in the Mediterranean region. Treatments applied either individually or in combination were tested in
semi-commercial and commercial trials carried out with oranges and mandarins from the Algarve, Andalusia and Catalonia. Firstly,
several formulations of the biocontrol agents were tested in laboratory trials; one of them, a freeze-dried formulation of
P. agglomerans strain CPA-2 called FD10-3, was chosen for combined with SBC. This formulation, applied at 2 × 108cfu ml−1 and the SBC treatment, applied at 3% 50°C for 20–40 s, demonstrated that it was possible to reduce decay development in laboratory
trials. Semi-commercial applications of FD10-3 and 3% SBC solution at 50°C for 40 s showed excellent control of decay in unwounded
mandarins and oranges artificially inoculated with both Penicillium digitatum and P. italicum. No rind injuries or residues attributable to hot water or SBC were observed on treated fruits. Combined treatment provided
better control than the two treatments applied separately. Commercial trials demonstrated an important reduction in natural
decay with the treatment of SBC 3% at 50°C for 40 s. Furthermore, bacterial-product formulation treatment significantly reduced
the percentage of infected fruit and in some cases this reduction was equal to chemical treatments. Even so, no improvement
in efficacy was observed with the combination of FD10-3 and SBC in the commercial test. We also assessed the ability of FD10-3
to grow at the wound site in oranges, whether alone or in the presence of SBC, and also its compatibility with standard citrus
packinghouse practices. 相似文献
82.
Laima ?esonien? Remigijus Daubaras Pranas Vi?kelis Antanas ?arkinas 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2012,67(3):256-261
Viburnum opulus is a plant with fruits that are rich in biologically active substances, making it valuable to the food and pharmaceutical industries. Here, we present our study of the total phenolic and anthocyanin contents and antimicrobial activity in the fruit juice of six V. opulus L. accessions. The cultivar ??Krasnaya Grozd?? was notable for its exceptionally large amount of total phenolics, 1168?mg/100?g, with anthocyanins comprising 3?C5?% of the total phenolic content. The evaluation of the antimicrobial properties confirmed that the juice of V. opulus fruits strongly inhibited the growth of a wide range of human pathogenic bacteria, both Gram-negative (Salmonella typhimurium and S. agona) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Lysteria monocytogenes, and Enterococcus faecalis) organisms. Conversely, the yeasts Debaryomyces hansenii and Torulaspora delbrueckii showed complete resistance to the fruit juice, whereas a low sensitivity was demonstrated by Trichosporon cutaneum, Kluyveromyces marxianus var. lactis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, S. cerevisiae 12R, and Candida parapsilosis. 相似文献
83.
Kåre Nolde Nielsen Michaela Maria Aschan Sveinn Agnarsson Marta Ballesteros Alan Baudron Maria de Fátima Borges Aida Campos Rosa Chapela Anna Kristín Daníelsdóttir Karim Erzini Ólavur Gregersen Petter Holm Alessandro Lucchetti Sveinn Margeirsson Hugo Vilela Mendes Petter Olsen Mafalda Rangel Antonello Sala José Luis Santiago Sigríður Sigurðardóttir Cristina Silva Daryl Sykes Jónas Rúnar Viðarsson Massimo Virgili Laura Wise Paul George Fernandes 《Fish and Fisheries》2018,19(2):363-376
We present a framework for results‐based management (RBM) of commercial fisheries. The core idea of RBM is to reduce micromanagement by delegating management responsibility to resource users. The RBM framework represents an industrial organization approach to co‐management and comprises three defining processes, conducted by three independent “agents”: (i) an “authority” defines specific and measurable and achievable objectives (outcome targets, OTs) for the utilization of fisheries resources, (ii) resource user organizations (termed “operators”) take responsibility for achieving these OTs and provide documentation that (iii) allows independent “auditors” to evaluate the achievement of OTs. Using incentive mechanisms, notably deregulation, RBM grants operators the flexibility to develop and implement innovative and cost‐effective ways to achieve OTs. The feasibility of implementing RBM in five European fisheries was investigated in cooperation with relevant stakeholders through artificial planning processes and computer simulations. The operators involved were enthusiastic, and new management plans were drafted based on the framework. These included socioeconomic OTs in addition to traditional stock objectives, encompassing an ecosystem approach. Several issues are in need of further research to consolidate the approach and prepare the ground for practical implementation, including: the specification of the legal and regulatory framework required to underpin RBM, details of transitional arrangements when shifting towards RBM (including cost‐sharing) and the development of necessary organizational capacity for operators. Initially, we therefore envisage the framework being applied to high‐value single‐species fisheries, with a limited number of participants, which are adequately represented by a competent organization. 相似文献
84.
Lahoussine Aarab Alejandro Pérez-Camacho María del Pino Viera-Toledo Gercende Courtois de Viçose Hipólito Fernández-Palacios Lucia Molina 《Aquaculture International》2013,21(5):1065-1076
The effect of egg density on embryonic development and larval quality as well as the lipid and fatty acid contents (eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA; docosahexaenoic acid, DHA) of cultured microalgae fed to Perna perna larvae was studied under controlled conditions to provide information needed for development of an experimental hatchery. Embryonic development followed the common sequence exhibited by other bivalves. d-larva stage was attained 40–44 h post-fertilisation at 21 ± 1 °C. The umbo-stage was reached in 11 days, and pediveliger larvae were observed 26 days post-fertilisation. Low egg density (range 20–100 eggs cm?2) produced high proportions of normal d-larvae. Larval development showed two growth phases: 1st—the mixotrophic stage and 2nd—the exotrophic stage where the composition of diets had significant effects on larval growth with higher rates in larvae fed with the mixed microalgae (Isochrysis galbana + Chaetoceros calcitrans, I. galbana + Phaeodactylum tricornutum and I. galbana + Skeletonema costatum) in comparison with the monospecific diet (I. galbana). Fatty acid analysis showed that larval growth and survival were strongly influenced by proportions of dietary DHA and EPA. These results indicate that DHA and EPA are the key factors in determining larval performance, considerably more than the total amount of other fatty acids. 相似文献
85.
86.
Efficacy of a long‐lasting bifenthrin‐treated net against horticultural pests and its compatibility with the predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii and the parasitic wasp Eretmocerus mundus 下载免费PDF全文
87.
Kalpokas I Perdigón F Rivero R Talmon M Sartore I Viñoles C 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2010,52(1):66
Background
Intrauterine infusions have been widely used for the treatment of endometritis in the mare. Nevertheless, their consequences on endocrine and endometrial molecular aspects are unknown. We studied the effect of a 1% povidone-iodine solution intrauterine infusion on progesterone levels, endometrial histology and estrogen (ERα) and progesterone (PR) receptor distribution by immunohistochemistry.Methods
Fourteen healthy mares were used in this study. Estruses were synchronized and seven mares were treated with intrauterine infusions at days 0 and 2 post ovulation of two consecutive estrous cycles. Uterine biopsy samples were taken on days 6 and 15 post ovulation.Results
The treatment did not induce an inflammatory response indicating endometritis, neither affected the ERα. However, it reduced the percentage of PR positive cells (PPC) on day 6 (deep glandular epithelium, control: 95.7 vs. infused: 61.5, P < 0.05). Treated mares tended to have lower progesterone levels on day 2 (3.9 ng/ml vs. 6.6 ng/ml, P = 0.07), and higher levels on day 15 compared with controls (4.4 ng/ml vs. 1.3 ng/ml, P = 0.07).Conclusion
a 1% povidone-iodine infusion during days 0 and 2 post ovulation in healthy mares did not induce histological changes indicating endometritis, but altered progesterone concentrations and reduced the expression of endometrial PR at day 6 without affecting the ERα. These changes could reduce embryo survival. 相似文献88.
Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira Ana Lucia Schild Marco Aurélio Motta Rafael Almeida Fighera Eliza Simone Viégas Sallis Clairton Marcolongo-Pereira 《Veterinary research communications》2010,34(3):301-306
The oomycete Pythium insidiosum is the pathogenic cause of pythiosis, a life-threatening disease that affects several animal species. Canines are the second
most affected species, and the disease is characterized by the development of cutaneous and gastrointestinal lesions. While
concomitant cutaneous and gastrointestinal lesions are rarely found in the same animal, this report documents a case of concurrent
cutaneous and gastrointestinal pythiosis in an 18-month-old female Labrador. This dog had an ulcerative cutaneous lesion on
the right thoracic region for 12 months that was unresponsive to itraconazole and terbinafine therapy. Two months prior to
death and concurrent with the cutaneous lesion, the dog became anorexic with frequent vomiting and bloody stools. At necropsy,
a cutaneous lesion that extended subcutaneously into the intercostal muscles was observed. Additionally, the large intestine
contained two lesions that caused luminal narrowing. Organs were collected, routinely processed and stained using hematoxylin
and eosin and Gomori methenamine silver. Histological examination of the lesions in the large intestine and on the skin revealed
areas of necrosis surrounded by a pyogranulomatous infiltrate. Occasionally, black, septate, branching hyphae were detected
following staining with Gomori methenamine silver. The diagnosis of pythiosis was confirmed using immunohistochemical methods.
This report describes the occurrence of concomitant gastrointestinal and cutaneous lesions in a dog and highlights the therapeutic
difficulties encountered with this disease. 相似文献
89.
López-Soria S Segalés J Rose N Viñas MJ Blanchard P Madec F Jestin A Casal J Domingo M 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2005,69(1-2):97-107
An exploratory case-control study was carried out in Spain in 2002/2003, involving 62 pig farms of different production systems to assess risk factors that, in association with PCV2 infection, induce postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) expression. To achieve this objective two groups of farms selected according to their PMWS status were compared: "cases" (farms with clinical PMWS, n = 32) and "controls" (farms without clinical PMWS, n = 30). A filled-in questionnaire and 45 blood samples (15 sows, and two groups of 15 pigs of 12 and 20 weeks of age, respectively) were obtained from each farm. Additionally, two to three diseased pigs were necropsied and relevant tissues to diagnose PMWS collected when PMWS was clinically suspected ("case" farms). A statistical analysis to compare "case" versus "control" farms was performed with the variables obtained from the questionnaire (191 variables) and the serologic test results (20 variables). Data were analysed using conditional logistic regression with a nested n:m matched design taking into account the farm size. Three variables were found significant in the final model: two related to vaccination scheme and one to PCV2 seroprevalence in growing pigs. Vaccination of gilts against PRRSV increased the odds of PMWS expression and vaccination of sows against atrophic rhinitis was related to decreased odds of the disease; however, the possibility that those two factors could be spurious effects (due to the small sample size) or confounding variables cannot be ruled out. On the other hand, a higher prevalence of antibodies to PCV2 at 12 weeks of age was observed in pigs from "case" farms than in pigs from "control" farms. This result suggests that an earlier infection with PCV2 might be a risk factor for PMWS expression. 相似文献
90.