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401.
Mo CHEN Li-Yi CAI Naoko KANNO Takako KATO Jinxing LU Fan JIN Honghua WANG Masayo SEKITA Masashi HIGUCHI Saishu YOSHIDA Hideji YAKO Hiroki UEHARU Shun-Ichiro IZUMI Yukio KATO 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2013,59(5):457-462
Recently we demonstrated an ectopic expression of the human herpesvirus 1 thymidine
kinase (HHV1-TK) gene by functioning of an intrinsic endogenous promoter in the
transgenic rat (TG-rat), suggesting that HHV1 infection in humans induces expression
of the TK gene with the ectopic promoter in the testis and results in accumulation of
HHV1-TK protein, triggering male infertility similar to that in the TG-rat. Hence, in
this study, we started to investigate a relationship between infection of herpesvirus
and human male infertility. Semen was donated by Chinese male infertile patients (153
men, aged 21–49 years) with informed consent, followed by DNA preparation and
analysis by PCR and DNA sequencing. Semen volume, sperm number and density, and sperm
motility were examined. DNAs of HHV1, HHV4, HHV5 and HHV6 were confirmed by PCR,
electrophoresis and DNA sequencing. Finally, virus DNA was identified in 59 patients
(39%). The number of carriers was 39 (25%) for HHV1, 6 (4%) for HHV4, 33 (22%) for
HHV5 and 3 (2%) for HHV6, respectively. Moreover, double-infection was found in 22
out of 59 specimens (37%), most of which were double-infection of HHV1 and HHV5 (15
out of 22 carriers). Though slight severity was present in some of the carriers, the
relationship between virus infection and sperm impairment was not conclusive.
Accordingly, it is essential to examine whether the viral HHV1-TK gene is expressed
in the testis of the infertile human HHV carrier. 相似文献
402.
Takashi FUJII Nobuyuki SAKURAI Tsubasa OSAKI Gentaro IWAGAMI Hiroki HIRAYAMA Akira MINAMIHASHI Tsutomu HASHIZUME Ken SAWAI 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2013,59(2):151-158
In mouse embryos, segregation of the inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE)
lineages is regulated by genes, such as OCT-4, CDX2 and
TEAD4. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate the segregation
of the ICM and TE lineages in porcine embryos remain unknown. To obtain insights regarding
the segregation of the ICM and TE lineages in porcine embryos, we examined the mRNA
expression patterns of candidate genes, OCT-4, CDX2,
TEAD4, GATA3, NANOG,
FGF4, FGFR1-IIIc and FGFR2-IIIc, in
blastocyst and elongated stage embryos. In blastocyst embryos, the expression levels of
OCT-4, FGF4 and FGFR1-IIIc were
significantly higher in the ICM than in the TE, while the CDX2,
TEAD4 and GATA3 levels did not differ between the ICM
and TE. The expression ratio of CDX2 to OCT-4
(CDX2/OCT-4) also did not differ between the ICM and
TE at the blastocyst stage. In elongated embryos, OCT-4,
NANOG, FGF4 and FGFR1-IIIc were
abundantly expressed in the embryo disc (ED; ICM lineage), but their expression levels
were very low in the TE. In contrast, the CDX2, TEAD4
and GATA3 levels were significantly higher in the TE than in the ED. In
addition, the CDX2/OCT-4 ratio was markedly higher in
the TE than in the ED. We demonstrated that differences in the expression levels of
OCT-4, CDX2, TEAD4,
GATA3, NANOG, FGF4,
FGFR1-IIIc and FGFR2-IIIc genes between ICM and TE
lineages cells become more clear during development from porcine blastocyst to elongated
embryos, which indicates the possibility that in porcine embryos, functions of ICM and TE
lineage cells depend on these gene expressions proceed as transition from blastocyst to
elongated stage. 相似文献
403.
404.
X-ray diffraction study of solid CO(2) at room temperature has shown that the powder pattern of the high-pressure phase, which supersedes the low-pressure cubic Pa3 phase at about 10 gigapascals, is consistently interpreted in terms of an orthorhombic Cmca structure. The orthorhombic cell at 11.8 gigapascals has dimensions of 4.330 +/- 0.015, 4.657 +/- 0.005, 5.963 +/- 0.009 angstroms for its a, b, and c faces, respectively, and a volume of 120.3 +/- 0.5 cubic angstroms. Four molecules contained in the unit cell are located at the base-centered positions with their molecular axes inclined at about 52 degrees with respect to the crystallographic c axis. The volume change associated with the Pa3-Cmca transition is close to zero. The structural dimensions obtained for the high-pressure crystalline phase of CO(2) are of great importance for a theoretical understanding of the role of intermolecular interactions, including quadrupole-quadrupole interactions, in molecular condensation. 相似文献
405.
Effect of supplementation of rice bran and fumarate alone or in combination on in vitro rumen fermentation,methanogenesis and methanogens 下载免费PDF全文
Arfan Abrar Makoto Kondo Tasuku Kitamura Tomomi Ban‐Tokuda Hiroki Matsui 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(3):398-404
This study investigated the effect of fumarate (FUM) and rice bran (RB), alone and together, on in vitro rumen fermentation, methanogenesis and methanogens. In vitro incubation was performed with six media that were either unsupplemented (control) or supplemented with 10% RB, 5 mmol/L FUM, 10% RB + 5 mmol/L FUM, 10 mmol/L FUM, or 10% RB + 10 mmol/L FUM. Methane (CH4) production, dry matter digestibility, CH4 per digested dry matter, total short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, proportion of SCFA, acetate : proprionate ratio, production of NH3‐N, and population density of rumen microbes were determined. Supplementation with 10% RB + 10 mmol/L FUM yielded a 36% decrease in CH4 production compared to the control. Supplementation of FUM, in the presence or absence of RB, provided increases in total SCFA production and propionate proportion up to 61% and 31%, respectively. Total bacteria, methanogens and protozoa populations were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased with the 10% RB + 10 mmol/L FUM supplementation. The effect of anti‐methanogenesis of FUM was enhanced by the addition of RB. Notably, the CH4 production attenuation was achieved by 10% RB + 10 mmol/L FUM without reduction of digestibility or of ruminal fermentation. 相似文献
406.
Inoue Y Tsukiyama-Kohara K Yoneda M Sato H Kai C 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2009,32(1):29-41
The shut-off of host protein synthesis in virus-infected cells is one of the important mechanisms for viral replication. In this report, we showed that the HL strain of measles virus (MeV-HL) as well as other field isolates, which were isolated from human blood lymphocytes using B95a cells, induce the shut-off in B95a cells. Since the Edmonston strain of MeV failed to induce the shut-off in B95a cells, the ability to induce the shut-off was considered to be dependent on virus strains. Although, the modification of eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIF) including eIF4G, eIF4E, and 4E-BP1 was reported for shut-off by various viruses, the involvement of these eIFs was not observed in MeV-HL-infected B95a cells. Instead, the accumulation of phosphorylated eIF2alpha was found to coincide to the decrease of host protein synthesis, suggesting the involvement of phosphorylation of eIF2alpha in inhibition of translation as one of the mechanisms of the shut-off. 相似文献
407.
Wakako Taira Yasuhiro Funatsu Masataka Satomi Takashi Takano Hiroki Abe 《Fisheries Science》2007,73(4):913-923
To make use of underutilized fish species and produce high-quality condiments substitutable for those of mammalian origin,
fish sauces were produced on a small industrial scale from three fish species, the flyingfish Cypselurus agoo agoo, the small dolphinfish Coryphaena hippurus, and the deepsea smelt Glossanodon semifasciatus, using salt and koji mold. During 180 days of fermentation, the pH decreased to approximately 4.5 and total nitrogen and free amino acids increased
to approximately 2 g/100 mL and 6000 mg/100 mL, respectively. Halophilic and extreme halophilic bacterial counts dramatically
increased from 106 to 108 colony forming units/mL between days 14 and 30 and decreased the reafter. In the final products, the pH and salt concentration
decreased to between soy sauce and a Vietnamese fish sauce, Nuoc mam. The total amino acid and organic acid contents were almost the same as those of Nuoc mam and soy sauce. Sensory evaluation found these products to have lower smell, saltiness, and bitterness, and higher sweetness
and umami taste than Nuoc mam. During fermentation, the histamine content increased in one or two of three fermentation tanks for each fish species. As
a result, the histamine content of the final products was higher than that in Nuoc mam. 相似文献